Warimiri zumbi Tavares, de Mello & Mendes, 2021

Tavares, Gustavo Costa, De Mello, Francisco De A. G. & Mendes, Diego Matheus De Mello, 2021, A new genus and three new species of Agraeciini (Orthoptera: Tettigoniidae: Conocephalinae) from the Brazilian Atlantic Forest, with comments on the function of some phallic components, Zootaxa 5057 (2), pp. 201-227 : 213-217

Warimiri zumbi Tavares, de Mello & Mendes sp. nov.

Figs 14 , 15 , 16 , 17 , 18 , 19 , 21

urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:EB4AF857-B7F4-49DE-80AA-1C409E1B0184

Type material. Holotype. Male. Holotype. BRAZIL, Alagoas, Murici, Estação Ecológica de Murici. 9°14’59”S, 35º49’04”W. 366m alt. 4–10.ii.2013. de Mello leg. CNPq-SISBIOTA. Preserved (in 80% alcohol). Repository: BOTU .

Paratypes. 4 males. Same data as holotype (in 80% alcohol) Repository: BOTU . 1 male. Same data as holotype (in 80% alcohol). Additional label: TETTIGO/MUR/646 IZ : Repository : INPA . 1 female. Same data as holotype (in 80% alcohol). Additional label: TETTIGO/MUR/65J16. Repository: BOTU . 1 male and 1 female. Same data as holotype (pined). Repository: MPEG . 1 male. BRAZIL, Ceará, Ubajara, Pq. Nac. de Ubajara, Chapada de Ibiapina. 03°51’05” S, 40°54’35” W ca 860 m alt., 20–26.i.2013. F.A.G. de Mello, leg. CNPq-SISBIOTA (in 80% alcohol). Additional label: TETTIGO/IBI/646 IZ . Repository : BOTU .

Etymology. The specific epithet is in honor of “Zumbi dos Palmares” (1655–1695). When slavery was still legal in Brazil, “quilombos” were refuges where slaves who escaped from their owners would hide. “Quilombo dos Palmares” was the most emblematic one of the Brazilian colonial era, serving as a shelter for more than thirty thousand runaway slaves at once. Zumbi, its last leader and local hero, led the resistance against the oppression of his people imposed by the enslavers between 1678 and 1694. This name is being established as a noun in apposition.

Diagnosis. The following combination of characters distinguishes Warimiri zumbi gen. et sp. nov. from the other congeneric species: fastigium of vertex, in frontal view, triangular but not heart-shaped; fore and mid tibia bearing four pairs of spurs medio-distally, and hind tibia bearing 3–4 pairs of spurs only distally ( Figs. 15A–B, D–E ); inner genicular lobe of mid femora ( Fig. 15E ), and both genicular lobes of hind femora bearing a minute spine ( Figs. 15G–H ). Male cerci singular to the genus, leaking mediobasal protuberances or spines, bearing only a medio-distal inward blunt projection, followed by a subapical inward spine ( Figs. 15I–J, M–N ). Sclerites TS claw- like, with acute apexes, curved laterally, enclaved in the process ti, which extends from the fold df to the cavity dc ( Figs. 17A–E ). Vesicles ejv big, sclerite VS robust, standing vertically, with ventral arms conspicuously projected downwards, enclaved in a notably wrinkled ventral fold of dorsal lobe (vdl) ( Figs. 15B–C, E–F ). Processes mp.dl smaller than the other two species ( Figs. 15A–C ). Sclerites TS stand oblique when the phallus is retracted, converging to the sclerite VS ( Fig. 15B ). Female subgenital plate small, produced into two acute projections posteriorly ( Fig. 19G ).

Description. Head. Fastigium of the vertex in dorsal view blunt, wider and more prominent than antennal scape ( Figs. 14E, H ; 19D ). In frontal view, like an inverted triangle but not heart-shaped ( Fig. 14C, D ); in lateral view, slightly elevated and protruding ( Figs. 14G ; 19C ).

Thorax. Meso- and metasternum transverse, trapezoid, wider than long, but longer than the other congeneric species; meso- and metabasisternal lobes reduced and acute ventro-posteriorly. Metabsisternum transversally separated from the metasternal medial plate ( Fig. 14F ).

Wings. Radius, Medial, and Cubitus running alongside, touching, till the end of the mirror, where the Cubitus reticulates, and Radius and Medial continue till the distal border parallelly ( Figs. 16A–B ). Left stridulatory file 1.08 mm long, bearing numerous microscopic teeth ( Fig. 16C ).

Legs. Fore femora ventrally armed with 1–3 spines on inner margin ( Fig. 15B ), and on the outer margin, when present, there is only one minute spine ( Fig. 15A ); ventral surface of mid femora armed externally with 2–3 spines ( Fig. 15D ) and internally usually smooth or, at most, with one tiny spine ( Fig. 15E ). Inner genicular lobe of mid femora and both genicular lobes of hind femora with a spine ( Figs. 15E, G–H ). Fore and mid tibia with four pairs of spurs medio-distally, dorsal surface smooth ( Figs. 15A–F ). In lateral view, fore tibia straight, except by the tympanal area ( Figs. 15A–B ), and mid tibia with dorsal surface slightly arched ( Figs. 15D–E ). Hind tibia with 3–4 pairs of spurs only distally and, in dorsal view, sinuous. Hind tibia armed dorsally with multiple spines on both margins ( Figs. 15G–H ).

Abdomen. Male and female tenth tergite very similar to Warimiri madiba gen. et sp. nov., with a posterior margin produced into two lobes ( Figs. 15I ; 19F ). Male cerci without basal appendage, only with a medio-distal inward finger-like projection, followed by a conspicuous inward subapical spine ( Figs. 15I–J ). Male subgenital plate broad, wider than long, somehow cupuliform ( Figs. 15J–L ). Female subgenital plate small and narrow, emarginated into two acute projections posteriorly ( Fig. 19G ). The ovipositor is the longest of the genera (9.2–9.3 mm), strongly upcurved ( Fig. 16F ). Phallic complex bearing sclerites TS not so long as in the other congeneric species, twisted and curved laterally, ending in a big curved spine enclaved in a sclerotized area that comprises the process ti, and converging basally to the medio-distal portion of the sclerite VS ( Figs. 17A, C–D ). Process ti extends from the fold df to cavity dc ( Figs. 17A–B, D–E ). Fold vdl conspicuous wrinkled, even when the phallus is everted ( Fig. 17F ). Sclerite VS robust, with ventral arms entirely downwards, and the dorsal arm extending till the process ti. This sclerite stands vertically when the phallus is everted or retracted ( Figs. 17B–C, E–F ). Processes mp.dl attached to the apical most portion of sclerite VS ( Fig. 17B ).

Measurements (mm). Males. Total size. 18.5–23.2; Pronotum. 7.2–8.4; Width of pronotum. 5.9–6.9; Hind femur. 13.8–17.6; Tegmina. 3.9. Females. Total size. 25–29.5; Pronotum. 8–8.5; Width of pronotum. 6.7–7.2; Hind femur. 17–19; Ovipositor. 9.2–9.3.

Chromatic pattern. When dead and dried, body light brown ( Figs. 14A–B ; 19A–B ); when preserved in alcohol, yellowish. A lighter band extends from the pronotal disk anterior border to the tenth tergite posterior border ( Figs. 14B ; 19B ). Lighter macules are present on both sides of all femora; all leg spines black or dark brown-tipped ( Figs. 15A–B, D–E, G–H ). When the specimen is alive, general color of body reddish or reddish-brown, with black marks on the lateral lobes of the pronotum ( Fig. 18 ).

Figures

FIGURE 14. Warimiri zumbi gen. et sp. nov.. A) Habitus of male, lateral view, and B) dorsal view; C) frons; D) fastigium of vertex, frontal view, and E) dorsal view; F) sternum; G) head and thorax in detail, lateral view, and H) dorsal view.

FIGURE 15. Warimiri zumbi gen. et sp. nov.. A) foreleg, external view, and B) internal view; C) fore tibia, dorsal view; D) midleg, external view, and E) internal view; F) mid tibia, dorsal view; G) hindleg, external view, and H) internal view; I) male genitalia, dorsal view, J) posterior view, K) lateral view, and L) ventral view; M) male cercus, dorsal view, and N) ventral view.

FIGURE 16. Warimiri zumbi gen. et sp. nov.. A) Left tegmina; B) right tegmina; C) left stridulatory file.

FIGURE 17. Warimiri zumbi gen. et sp. nov.. A) Phallic complex in posterior view, B) lateral view, and C) anterior view; D) Everted phallic complex in posterior view, E) lateral view, and F) anterior view.

FIGURE 18. Warimiri zumbi gen. et sp. nov.. A) live male, lateral view.

FIGURE 19. Warimiri zumbi gen. et sp. nov.. A) Habitus of female, lateral view, and B) dorsal view; C) head and thorax in detail, lateral view, and D) dorsal view; E) ovipositor; F) tenth tergite; G) subgenital plate.

FIGURE 21. Distribution maps of Warimiri gen. nov.. A) points of all three species in South America; B) records of Warimiri zumbi gen. et sp. nov. in detail; C) records of Warimiri madiba gen. et sp. nov. and Warimiri karutasywa gen. et sp. nov. in detail; D) “Chapada de Ibiapina” (Ceará State) in detail; E) Murici (Alagoas State) in detail; F) “Serra da Jiboia” (Bahia State) in detail; G) Itabuna (Bahia State) in detail.