Glyptapanteles linghsiuae Arias-Penna, sp. nov.

Arias-Penna, Diana Carolina, Whitfield, James B., Janzen, Daniel H., Winifred Hallwachs,, Dyer, Lee A., Smith, M. Alex, Hebert, Paul D. N. & Fernandez-Triana, Jose L., 2019, A species-level taxonomic review and host associations of Glyptapanteles (Hymenoptera, Braconidae, Microgastrinae) with an emphasis on 136 new reared species from Costa Rica and Ecuador, ZooKeys 890, pp. 1-685 : 1

Glyptapanteles linghsiuae Arias-Penna, sp. nov. Fig. 141

Female.

Body length 2.58 mm, antenna length 3.13 mm [only 13 antennal flagellomeres in other female 3.48 mm], fore wing length 3.64 mm.

Type material.

Holotype: ECUADOR • 1♀; EC-4711, YY-A079; Napo, Yanayacu Biological Station , Yanayacu Forest ; 2,100 m; - 0.6, -77.883333; 13.vi.2005; CAPEA leg.; caterpillar collected in late instar or pre-pupa; adult parasitoids emerged on 26.vi.2005; ( PUCE) . Paratypes. • 29 (6♀, 1♂) (22♀, 0 ♂); EC-4711, YY-A079; same data as for holotype; ( PUCE) .

Diagnosis.

Medioanterior pit of metanotum circular and bisected by a median longitudinal carina ( Fig. 141F ), edges of median area on T2 obscured by coarse sculpture ( Fig. 141G ), scutellar punctation scattered throughout ( Fig. 141E, F ), in lateral view, metasoma curved ( Fig. 141A, I ), dorsal outer depression on hind coxa absent ( Fig. 141A, I ), and fore wing with r vein slightly curved or curved, outer side of junction of r and 2RS veins forming a slight or distinct stub ( Fig. 141J ).

Coloration

( Fig. 141 A–K ). General body coloration polished black except labrum, mandibles, glossa, maxillary and labial palps, and tegulae yellow; distally both scape and pedicel with yellow-brown ring; all antennal flagellomeres dark brown on both sides. Eyes gray-purple and ocelli yellowish (in preserved specimen). Fore and middle legs yellow except brown claws and tarsomeres with a light brown tints; hind legs yellow except black coxae with apex yellow, femora with a small brown spot in the apex, distal half of tibiae brown, and tarsomeres brown. Petiole on T1 black and sublateral areas yellow; T2 with median and adjacent areas brown, adjacent area with contours well-defined, both areas together forming a rectangle-shaped area, and lateral ends yellow with one elongate brown spot at each side; T3 completely brown except dorsal corner with a small pale spot; T4 and beyond brown; distally each tergum with a narrrow yellow-brown translucent band. In lateral view, T1-2 completely yellow; T3 yellow, dorsally yellow-brown; T4 and beyond brown. S1-4 yellow; penultimate sternum brown-red/reddish; hypopygium brown.

Description.

Head ( Fig. 141 A–C ). Head rectangular with pubescence long and dense. Proximal three antennal flagellomeres longer than wide (0.25:0.09, 0.25:0.09, 0.25:0.09), distal antennal flagellomere longer than penultimate (0.15:0.09, 0.12:0.09), antenna longer than body; antennal scrobes-frons shallow. Face flat or nearly so, punctations barely noticeable, interspaces smooth and longitudinal median carina present. Frons smooth. Temple wide, punctations barely noticeable and interspaces wavy. Inner margin of eyes diverging slightly at antennal sockets; in lateral view, eye anteriorly convex and posteriorly straight. POL shorter than OOL (0.10, 0.14). Malar suture present. Median area between lateral ocelli without depression. Vertex laterally rounded and dorsally wide.

Mesosoma ( Fig. 141A, E, F, H ). Mesosoma dorsoventrally convex. Mesoscutum proximally convex and distally flat, punctation distinct throughout, interspaces smooth. Scutellum long and slender, apex sloped and fused with BS, but not in the same plane, scutellar punctation scattered throughout, in profile scutellum flat and on same plane as mesoscutum, phragma of the scutellum partially exposed; BS only very partially overlapping the MPM; ATS demilune with complete and undulate/reticulate carinae; dorsal ATS groove smooth. Transscutal articulation with small and heterogeneous foveae, area just behind transscutal articulation nearly at the same level as mesoscutum (flat) and with same kind of sculpture as mesoscutum. Metanotum with BM convex; MPM circular and bisected by a median longitudinal carina; AFM without setiferous lobes and not as well delineated as PFM; PFM thick and smooth; ATM with little, incomplete and parallel carinae proximally. Propodeum with a median longitudinal dent, but no trace of median longitudinal carina, proximal half weakly curved with medium-sized sculpture and distal half with fine sculpture and with medium-sized punctation; distal edge of propodeum with a flange at each side and short stubs; propodeal spiracle without distal carina; nucha surrounded by very short radiating carinae. Pronotum with a distinct dorsal furrow, dorsally with a well-defined smooth band; central area of pronotum smooth, but both dorsal and ventral furrows with short parallel carinae. Propleuron finely sculptured only ventrally and dorsally without a carina. Metasternum convex. Contour of mesopleuron convex; precoxal groove smooth, shiny and shallow, but visible; epicnemial ridge convex, teardrop-shaped.

Legs. Ventral margin of fore telotarsus entire without seta, fore telotarsus almost same width throughout and longer than fourth tarsomere (0.14, 0.07). Hind coxa finely punctate throughout, and dorsal outer depression absent. Inner spur of hind tibia longer than outer spur (0.24, 0.18), entire surface of hind tibia with dense strong spines clearly differentiated by color and length. Hind telotarsus longer than fourth tarsomere (0.15, 0.13).

Wings ( Fig. 141J, K ). Fore wing with r vein slightly curved; 2RS vein straight; r and 2RS veins forming a weak, even curve at their junction and outer side of junction forming a slight stub; 2M vein slightly curved/swollen; distally fore wing [where spectral veins are] with microtrichiae more densely concentrated than the rest of the wing; anal cell 1/3 proximally lacking microtrichiae; subbasal cell with microtrichiae virtually throughout; veins 2CUa and 2CUb completely spectral; vein 2 cu-a present as spectral vein, sometimes difficult to see; vein 2-1A proximally tubular and distally spectral, although sometimes difficult to see; tubular vein 1 cu-a straight, incomplete/broken and not reaching the edge of 1-1A vein. Hind wing with vannal lobe narrow, subdistally and subproximally straightened, and setae evenly scattered in the margin.

Metasoma ( Fig. 141A, D, G, I ). Metasoma curved. Petiole on T1, laterally with a mix of rugae and coarse sculpture, virtually parallel-sided over most of length, but barely narrowing at apex, apex truncate (length 0.45, maximum width 0.26, minimum width 0.17), and with scattered pubescence on distal half. Lateral grooves delimiting the median area on T2 clearly defined and reaching the distal edge of T2 (length median area 0.19, length T2 0.19), edges of median area obscured by coarse sculpture, median area broader than long (length 0.19, maximum width 0.33, minimum width 0.15); T2 with scarce pubescence throughout. T3 longer than T2 (0.26, 0.19) and with scattered pubescence throughout. Pubescence on hypopygium dense.

Cocoons. Unknown.

Comments.

The metasoma is distinctively curved. Both sexes with slim bodies.

Male.

Similar in coloration to female and with large genitalia.

Etymology.

Ling-Hsiu Liao is a Taiwanese entomologist. As a graduate student at UIUC, IL, USA, she studied the plant-insect interactions and detoxification processes in honey bees.

Distribution.

Parasitized caterpillar was collected in Ecuador, Napo, Yanayacu Biological Station ( Yanayacu Forest ), during June 2005 at 2,100 m in cloud forest.

Biology.

The lifestyle of this parasitoid species is gregarious.

Host.

Hypanartia sp. Hübner ( Nymphalidae : Nymphalinae) feeding on Boehmeria sp. ( Urticaceae ). Caterpillar was collected in late instar or pre-pupa.

Figures

Figure 141. Glyptapanteles linghsiuae sp. nov. female EC- 4711 YY-A 079 A Habitus B, C Head B Frontal view C Lateral view D, I Metasoma D Dorsal view I Lateral view E Mesonotum, dorsal view F Scutellum, metanotum, propodeum, dorsal view G T 1 - 2, dorsal view H Mesosoma, lateral view J, K Wings J Fore K Hind.