Elytroleptus immaculipennis Knull, 1935

GRZYMALA, TRACI L. & MILLER, KELLY B., 2013, Taxonomic Revision and Phylogenetic Analysis of the Genus Elytroleptus Dugés (Coleoptera: Cerambycidae: Cerambycinae: Trachyderini), Zootaxa 3659 (1), pp. 1-62 : 31-33

Elytroleptus immaculipennis Knull, 1935

(Figs. 10, 36)

Elytroleptus floridanus immaculipennis Knull, 1935: 99 .

Elytroleptus immaculipennis ; Knull 1950: 91; Linsley, 1961b: 11; 1962a: 178; 1962b: 10; Chemsak & Linsley, 1965: 196; 1975: 109; 1982: 57; Chemsak et al., 1992: 83; Monné & Giesbert, 1995: 148; Noguera & Chemsak, 1996: 402; Monné, 2005: 605; Monné & Hovore, 2006: 143.

Elytroleptus immaculipennis var. obliquus Knull 1950: 91 ; Chemsak, 1977: 174; Chemsak et al., 1992: 83; Monné & Giesbert, 1995: 148; Monné, 2005: 605.

Elytroleptus peninsularis Hovore, 1988: 16 , fig3a; Chemsak et al., 1992: 83; Monné & Giesbert, 1995: 148; Noguera & Chemsak, 1996: 402; Monné, 2005: 606; Monné & Hovore, 2006: 143. New Synonymy

Type locality. United States, Texas, Davis Mountain Range.

Type information. Holotype. Elytroleptus immaculipennis ( OSUC, ♀) labeled: ‘ Davis Mts VII-9 Tex / HA Wenzel Collector / Holotype / H.W. Wenzel Collection / Elytroleptus floridanus subsp. immaculipennis Knull Det. Knull / OSUC 0278211 [underside] ’

Holotype. Elytroleptus immaculipennis var obliquus ( FMNH, ♀) labeled: ‘ Davis M., VII-3-40 Tex. / D.J. & J.N. Knull Collrs / J.N. Knull Collection / HOLOTYPE Elytroleptus immaculipennis obliquus Knull/Elytrolepta immaculipennis obliquus Knull det. J. Knull’

Diagnosis. This species is separated from all other species of Elytroleptus by the following combination of characters: 1) elytral margins subparallel, greatest width <1.5 × humeral angle width, 2) pronotal lateral margins broadly rounded, and 3) pronotal longitudinal lines of dense appressed pubescence white to pale yellow overlying rufo-testaceous to red integument. This species most closely resembles E. floridanus and is distinguished by the pronotal longitudinal lines of pale pubescence overlying red integument instead of testaceous pubescence overlying testaceous integument.

Description. Male. TL 6.9–9.3 mm, GW 2.4–3.0 mm. Body elongate, subparallel, dorsoventrally flattened.

Head. HL 0.5–0.7 mm, HW 1.2–1.5 mm, DBE 0.7–0.9 mm, DBA 0.5–0.6 mm. Piceous, except vertex with triangular red area, anteclypeus and labrum testaceous. Moderately, deeply punctate with short, sparse, suberect to erect, pale yellow pubescence, more dense and appressed on vertex; gular region glabrous; rugose posterior to lower eye lobe. Antennal tubercles slightly raised and separated by approximate width of four antennal sockets. Genal apices generally rounded, width less than ½ × height. Eyes moderately large, finely faceted, lower lobe with about 28 facets at greatest height; integument ventral to lower lobe about 0.1 × eye height; deeply emarginate at antennal insertion, with 1–2 facets at greatest emargination point. Antennae black, extending to approximately 2/5 elytral length; scape and antennomere VI subequal; pedicel slightly less than ½ × scape length; antennomeres III and IV subequal, each 2 × pedicel length; antennomeres V–X decreasing in length; antennomeres VIII and IX

Thorax. PL 1.1–1.5 mm, PW 1.5–1.9 mm. Pronotum piceous, width 1.3 × length, apical width subequal to basal width, lateral margins broadly rounded, widest medially. Pronotal disc shining, punctate, with short, suberect, pale pubescence arising from punctation; laterad to center, two (one on each side) distinct longitudinal, arcuate lines of dense, appressed white to pale yellow pubescence overlying slightly raised rufo-testaceous to red integument, each of similar width throughout and occupying ¼ of pronotal disc area; punctation on shining areas deep, individual punctures moderate and subequal in diameter and shape, all strongly delimited; oval, more densely punctate areas dorsad of lateral margins indicative of sexually dimorphic gland pores; pronotal disc flat to slightly convex; sides impressed in dorsal aspect, margin apparently elevated, calli absent. Pro-, meso-, and metasternum dark brown to black, shining, with sparse, suberect to erect, pale yellow to whitish setae. Scutellum black, small, subtriangular, length subequal to width, medially impressed with short, moderate, black pubescence.

Wings. EL 5.3–7.1 mm. Elytron piceous. About 4.7 × PL, width at humeral angles subequal to PW. Elytron subparallel, greatest width <1.5 × width at humeral angle. Elytron with 3 distinct costae; from suture, costa I arising from anterior margin and extending to 3/5 elytral length, costa II arising from anterior margin and extending to 4/5 elytral length, costa III arising from humeral angle and extending to 4/5 elytral length; elytron with distinct punctation, 3–5 punctures at midline between suture and costa I, spacing constant; elytron with sparse, short, suberect, pale pubescence, one seta per puncture, outer elytral margins with subequal pubescence. Metathoracic wing completely darkly tinted.

Abdominal Sternites. Piceous, shining, finely punctate, with short, erect, pale pubescence. Legs: Black. Femora and tibia moderately, deeply punctate, with sparse, short, erect, pale pubescence, tarsal pubescence recumbent and more dense. Metatibia straight, not strongly sinuate. Genitalia. Sternite VIII sides gradually tapering towards apex, four slightly sinuate anterolateral areas (two on either side), often with slight concavity medially. Tergite VIII gradually tapering towards apex, lacking sinuate areas, often with slight concavity medially.

Female. TL 7.9–11.4 mm, GW 2.8–3.8 mm, HL 0.6–0.8 mm, HW 1.2–1.5 mm, DBE 0.8–0.9 mm, DBA 0.5– 0.6 mm, PL 1.2–1.5 mm, PW 1.7–2.2 mm, EL 6.1–9.1 mm. As male, except EL about 5 × PL; sexually dimorphic oval area of dense punctation dorsad of pronotal lateral margin absent.

Intraspecific variation. Pronotal bands of dense appressed pubescence extending to lateral margins to occupy 2/3 of pronotal disc; elytral integument ranging in coloration from concolorous piceous to concolorous rufotestaceous; some individuals with elytral coloration pattern as in E. floridanus with basal 1/5 testaceous, apical 4/5 piceous extending obliquely to meet suture. These individuals are currently recognized as E. immaculipennis obliquus ( Knull, 1950) .

Remarks. All attempts to locate the type material for E. peninsularis were unsuccessful. Hovore's (1988) original description places the holotype female in CASC, but the specimen could not be located. Hovore (1988) enumerated differences between E. peninsularis and E. immaculipennis in the original description stating that E. peninsularis was characterized by shorter body proportions; flattened, less densely punctate pronotal disc; pale body pubescence; and more coarsely punctate elytra (4 punctures in a transverse row between discal costae) ( Hovore, 1988). After reviewing all E. immaculipennis specimens available, these character states were found to be within the range of variation of that species and E. peninsularis is synonymized here with E. immaculipennis . The varietal form described by Knull in 1950 is here considered subspecific, E. immaculipennis obliquus , in accordance with ICZN Article 45.6.4.

Phylogenetic relationship. This species is sister to E. floridanus supported by the male 8 th sternite with lateral sides each with two strongly sinuate areas (Character 20) ( Figs. 31 , 32 ).

Distribution. Southwestern USA (Arizona, Texas) and Mexico (Durango, Oaxaca) ( Fig. 36 ).

Natural history. Flight period March through July. Individuals have been collected on foliage of plants in the family Fagaceae ( Quercus sp. including Quercus hypoleucoides A. Camus ). Hovore (1988) suggested that a possible mimicry model for this species would be found in the clerid ( Coleoptera : Cleridae ) genus Pelonides Kuwert due to similarities in form and coloration.

Material examined. MEXICO, Durango: Durango, 1 ♀, 23.vi.1964, Howden, H.F. ( CNC) ; Oaxaca: Mitla , 3 ♂, 3 ♀, 3–9.vii.1994, Giesbert, E. ( FSCA) ; USA, Arizona: Cochise co., Paradise , 1 ♀, 5.vii.1976, Nelson, G.H. ( FSCA) ; Carr Canyon , 1 ♀, 27.vii.1979, Giesbert, E. ( FSCA) ; Texas: Brewster Co., Chisos Mtns. , 2 ♀, vii.1918 ,

( FSCA); 1 ♂, 2 ♀, v.1995, 20.iv.1995, 7.vii.1994, Androw, R. & Clark, S. ( RAAC) ; Davis Mtns., 2 ♂, 10 ♀, 14.vii.1957, 19.vi.1958, 3.vii.1955, 15.vii.1955, 25.vi.1959, Knull, D.J. & J.N. ( FMNH) ; 2 ♀, 5.vii.1990, 23.vii.1989, Marqua, D.G. ( TAMU) ; 2 ♀, 6.vii.1953, Knull, D.J. & J.N. ( FMNH) ; 1 ♀, 2–3.vii.2000, Wappes, J.E. ( ACMT) ; Smith Co., 1 ♂, 27.iii.952, Reinhard, H.J. ( TAMU) .

Figures

FIGURE 31. Three of six most parsimonious trees retrieved from phylogenetic analysis of Elytroleptus (L = 59, CI = 50, RI = 75). Numbers above branches are characters and numbers below branches are character states. Characters are optimized for

FIGURE 32. Strict consensus for six most parsimonious cladograms resulting from cladistic analysis of Elytroleptus. Numbers above branches are Bremer support values.

FIGURE 36. Distribution map for Elytroleptus immaculipennis, Elytroleptus limpianus, and Elytroleptus luteus.