Mansoa minensis M.M.Silva-Castro, 2016

Silva-Castro, Milene Maria Da & Queiroz, Luciano Paganucci De, 2016, Five new species of Mansoa DC. (Bignoniaceae) from South America, Phytotaxa 258 (1), pp. 49-62 : 57-59

Mansoa minensis M.M.Silva-Castro , sp. nov. ( Fig. 6 )

Similar to Mansoa hirsuta with which it shares pubescent leaflets with acute apices but differs by its 5-dentate and long aristate or 5- laciniate calyx (vs. 2–3-lobed in M. hirsuta ), pubescent ovary with 4-series of ovules per locule (vs. lepidote ovary with 2-series of ovules per locule).

Type:— BRAZIL. Minas Gerais: Marliéria, Parque Estadual do Rio Doce , estrada para o restaurante, 2 September 2008, M. M. Silva-Castro, R. P. Oliveira, J. G. Carvalho-Sobrinho & F. M. Ferreira 1475 (holotype HUEFS!; isotypes C!, BHCB!, F!, HUESB!, NY!, SPF!, MO!, UB!, VIC!) .

Lianas with garlic odor; branches non-viscid, cylindrical to subquadrangular, pubescent, interpetiolar areas lacking nectary fields, bark striated; prophylls of the axillary buds 6–6.5 mm long, elliptic, tomentose. Leaves 2–3-foliolate; petiole 1.5–5 cm long, tomentose; leaflets 7.5–9.2 × 5–5.5 cm, chartaceous, oblong, apex acute, margins entire, flat, base cuneate, 3-nerved, concolorous, adaxial and abaxial surfaces puberulous to pubescent, patelliform nectaries at the axil of the main veins near the leaflet base; petiolule of the distal leaflet 2.8–3 cm long, petiolules of lateral leaflets 1.2–1.6 cm long, tomentose; tendrils trifurcate. Thyrses axillary, congested, multi-flowered, main axis 4–17 cm long, cylindrical. Calyx 10–12 × 7–8 mm, green, chartaceous, campanulate, 5-dentate, each teeth provided with a long aristate, or 5-laciniate, with the aristae or lacinia 5–6 mm long, pubescent, without nectaries; corolla 4.5–5 × 2.5–3 cm, purple with whitish tube, membranaceous, tubular-campanulate, glabrous along the mid-basal two thirds and puberulous in the distal third, lobes with acuminate apices; stamens included, dorsal filaments 1.8–2.3 cm long, ventral filaments 1.3–1.5 cm long, connective elongated, pubescent, thecae 4–4.5 mm long; staminode 6–7 mm long; nectariferous disk 1–1.4 mm long, 3–4 mm diam., annular; ovary 4–4.3 × 1–1.2 mm, cylindrical, pubescent, 4-series of ovules per locule, style 2.2–2.4 cm long, stigma 2–3 mm long, lanceolate. Capsule (immature) 20.5–22 × 1–3 cm, linear, flattened, apex acuminate, margins entire, base cuneate; valves chartaceous, not striated, not verrucose, pubescent, veins irregularly prominent, without ribs; calyx persistent. Seeds not seen.

Distribution:—This species occurs in semideciduous forests of Minas Gerais ( Brazil), where it occurs in the municipalities of Caratinga, Dionísio, Marliéria, and Padre Paraíso, in the Rio Doce State Park ( Fig. 2D ).

Phenology:—Flowers observed from July to September and fruits from September to November.

Conservation status:—It is considered of least concern (LC; IUCN 2012) since it occurs within the environmental protection area of the Rio Doce State Park.

Etymology:—The epithet refers to its distribution area, restricted to the State of Minas Gerais Brazil.

Notes:— Mansoa minensis shows wide variation in calyx morphology, which varies from five lacinia to a dentate rim within a single individual. In addition, the calyx always presents extended mid-veins as long aristae that are much longer than the calyx tube ( Fig. 6G ). It is characterized by a garlic odor, elongated and pubescent connective, pubescent ovary and linear capsules with entire margins.

Materials of this species were identified as Mansoa hirsuta in several herbaria since they share a strong garlic odor and similar leaflet morphology. However, these taxa can be distinguished by the campanulate, conspicuously 5- laciniate or 5-aristate calyx in M. minensis (vs. cylindrical 2–3-lobed calyx in M. hirsuta ) and ovary with 4-series of ovules per locule (vs. 2-series of ovules per locule in M. hirsuta ). This species is also similar to M. ivanii (see notes under M. ivanii ; Table 1).

Additional specimens examined (paratypes):— BRAZIL. Minas Gerais: Caratinga , s/d, F. Toledo, P. I. S. Braga & J. R. Stehmann s/n (BHCB 19326) ; Marliéria, Parque Estadual do Rio Doce , entre a entrada e o hotel, 24 September 1975, E. P. Heringer & G. Eiten 15184 (MO, UB) ; beira da Lagoa D. Helvécio, indo pelo restaurante, 12 December 1996, V. V. Scudeller 670 (PERD, VIC) trilha do Salão Dourado à beira do aceiro, 29 August 1996, G. E. Valente, A. A. Azevedo & D. Graçano 189 (FUEL, HUEFS, PERD, VIC) ; Padre Paraíso , Rodovia BR 116, km 192–193, 15 July 1988, G. Hatschbach & M. Hatschbach 52176 (BHCB, C, FLOR, INPA, RB, MBM, MO, UPCB) .

Figures

FIGURE 2. Distribution range of the newly described species of Mansoa. A. Mansoa gentryi. B. Mansoa ivanii. C. Mansoa longicalyx. D. Mansoa minensis. E. Mansoa paganuccii.

FIGURE 6. Mansoa minensis.A. flowering branch. B. details of prophylls of the axillary buds. C. tendril apex. D. leaflet (adaxial surface) showing a distinct apex shape. E. detail of leaflet undersurface showing a nectary field at the axil of the veins. F. inflorescence. G. calyx variation. H. open corolla with included androecium. I. detail of the connective. J. nectariferous disk and pistil. K. ovary cross-section showing 4-series of ovules per locule. L. capsule. (Drawn by Ivan Farias Castro; from M. M. Silva-Castro et al. 1480).