Burmeistera bullatifolia Garzón & F.González, Brittonia, 2013

González, Favio, 2023, Taxonomic revision of Burmeistera (Campanulaceae-Lobelioideae) in Colombia, Phytotaxa 615 (1), pp. 1-113 : 26

9. Burmeistera bullatifolia Garzón & F.González, Brittonia 65: 123. 2013.

Type:— COLOMBIA. Valle del Cauca: El Cairo, Cerro del Inglés , 2000 m, 28 May 2008 (fl, fr), J. Garzón, D. Canal, N. Castaño & H. Mendoza 454 (holotype: COL!; isotypes: COL!, MEDEL!, NY!, US!). Figs. 4G, H , 6 .

Terrestrial herbs to subshrubs up to 2 m tall. Stem densely villous. Petiole 1–6 cm long, villous; blade elliptic to narrowly elliptic, 3–13(‒19) × 2.0–6.3(‒8.0) cm, bullate, dark green, sparsely puberulous above, pale green to green with purple tints, with white villous indumentum especially along the veins beneath, base acute, cuneate, rarely obtuse, usually asymmetric, apex acute to acuminate, margin subentire to slightly crenate, with 16 to 28 teeth of two distinct sizes per side especially along the distal half, hydathodes intramarginal, secondary veins 6 to 14 per side, higher order venation conspicuously reticulate, intramarginal vein lacking. Peduncle 2–5 cm long, villous, with two oblong to obovate bracteoles at its base, each 2–4 × 1.0‒ 1.2 mm, these villous. Hypanthium obconic, 5–6 × 3–4 mm, villous. Calyx lobes narrowly ovate, 6–10 × 1.5–2.6 mm, patent, villous, basally contiguous, margin undulate, slightly serrulate, with 3 or 4 teeth per side. Corolla green to pale yellow, villous; tube 9–13 mm long, 1.9–3.1 mm diameter at its mid-level, not inflated proximally, slightly inflated distally; lobes ovate, falcate, apex acute, dorsal lobes 7–10 × 2.4–3.7 mm, lateral lobes 5–7 × 2.0– 3.5 mm, ventral lobe 4–6 × 1.6–2.3 mm. Synandrium 1.9‒2.2 cm long, exserted up to 7 mm; filament tube 1.7–2.0 cm long, glabrous; anther tube 1.5‒2.0 mm long, sparsely puberulous, ventral anthers densely puberulous and barbate, with an apical tuft of white woolly hairs. Berries pyriform, 2.5–3.5 × 2.5–2.8 cm, inflated, villous, pale green to white.

Phenology: — Burmeistera bullatifolia sets flowers and fruits from January to September.

Distribution, ecology and conservation status: — Burmeistera bullatifolia is known from the type locality in northern Valle del Cauca, and in northern and southwestern Antioquia and the border area between Chocó and Risaralda, in the Colombian Western Cordillera, at elevations between 1400 and 3000 m. It occurs in the understory strata of cloud forest remnants, in moist soils. Hummingbird visits to the flowers of this species were reported in the specimen Díaz 3672 (COL). Following the IUCN (2022) Guidelines, this species qualifies for the Near Threatened (NT) category.

Notes: — Burmeistera bullatifolia is remarkable among its congeners in having bullate blades, bibracteolate peduncles, woolly hypanthium and corolla, shortly exserted (to ca. 6 mm) synandrium, and pyriform, inflated and villous berries. It resembles B. nigropilosa , from which it differs by the elliptic to narrowly elliptic leaf blades; the calyx lobes 6–10 × 1.5–2.6 mm, basally contiguous leaving no sinuses between them; the dorsal lobes of the corolla 7–10 mm long; and the berries pyriform, 2.5–3.5 cm long, 2.5–2.8 cm diam., inflated, and villous (versus the leaf blade ovate to elliptic; the calyx lobes (11–)13–16 × 1–3 mm, basally with sinuses 1–2 mm width between them; the dorsal lobes of the corolla 10–11 mm long; and the berries globose, 0.7–1.0 cm in diameter, not inflated, and hirtellous in B. nigropilosa ). These two species are partially sympatric.

Additional specimens examined:—Antioquia. Jardín, vereda La Mesenia, Reserva Natural Mesenia-Paramillo (Fundación Colibrí), Cordillera Occidental, sendero Transylvania, from Río San Juan to Cuchilla Paramillo, 2200‒ 2800 m, 5°29´18´´N, 75°54´20´´W, 17 May 2012 (fl, fr), J. Clark et al. 12936 (COL); Ituango, Alto de Santo Domingo, 7°28´N, 75°34´W, 1800‒2200 m, 21 Feb 1995 (fl), F. Giraldo et al. 429 (JAUM); Reserva La Mesenia, trail along San Juan river, 2409 m, 05.486°N, 75.8941°W, 30 Mar 2012 (fl, fr), N. Muchhala 486 (HUA); Andes, corregimiento de Santa Rita, Cerro Caramanta , ascenso a la Laguna de Santa Rita , 5°32´59´´N, 75°59´23´´W, 2600 –2800 m, 21 Jul 2006 (fl, fr), J. Vélez 1466 (MEDEL). Chocó. San José del Palmar, vereda San Antonio, carretera del pueblo al Alto del Galápago, 1478 m, 4°52´4.6´´N, 76°13´25.2´´W, 9 Mar 2012 (fl, fr), R. Bernal et al. 4784A (COL); San José del Palmar, vereda El Tabor, 1450–1550 m, 17 Jan 1983 (fl, fr), S. Díaz 3655 (COL), 3672 (COL); carretera Ansermanuevo–San José del Palmar, límite con el Valle del Cauca, alto del Galápago, 2100 m, 28 Aug 1976 (fl, fr), E. Forero et al. 2253 (COL); carretera Ansermanuevo–San José del Palmar, límite con el Valle del Cauca, alto del Galápago, 2000 m, 19 Feb 1977 (fl, fr), E. Forero et al. 2981 (COL); carretera Ansermanuevo–San José del Palmar, 8, 4 km del alto del Galápago, 1600 m, 19 Feb 1977 (fl, fr), E. Forero et al. 3017 (COL); San José del Palmar, vereda Tabor, 1540 m, 18 Jan 1983 (fl), P. Franco et al. 1491 (COL); San José del Palmar, vereda El Corcovado, finca Ayaconas, 2140 m, 20 Jan 1983 (fl, fr), P. Franco et al. 1619 (COL); San José del Palmar, vereda San Antonio, finca San Vicente, 4°50´N, 76°11´W, 1700 m, 21 Apr 1998 (fl, fr), N. López et al. 1810 (HUA); San José del Palmar, km 55 de la carretera Ansermanuevo–San José del Palmar, 1700–1950 m, 19 Mar 1980 (fl, fr), G. Lozano et al. 3168A (COL); San José del Palmar, AnsermanuevoSan José del Palmar road, from Chocó–Valle border W 10 km toward San José del Palmar, ca. 4°40´N, 76°25´W, 1524–2050 m, 15 May 1984 (fl, fr), J.L. Luteyn et al. 10539 (JAUM, NY); San José del Palmar, Cerro Torrá, vereda Río Negro, abajo del helipuerto, vertiente occidental, 1600 m, 9 Aug 1988 (fl, fr), J. Ramos et al. 1105 (CUVC, NY); San José del Palmar, vereda de Río Negro, Cerro Torrá, vertiente occidental, 1700 m, 25 Aug 1988 (fl, fr), J. Ramos et al. 1536 (NY); Cordillera Occidental, Ansermanuevo–San José del Palmar, road 54 to 64 km W of Ansermanuevo, ca. 4°52´N, 76°12´W, 1500 m, 25 Jan 1986 (fl), B. Stein et al. 3297 (JAUM, MO). Risaralda. Santuario, Parque Nacional Natural Tatamá, descenso Monte Mosquito, 2560‒3000 m, 5,122 5913 W, 76.0459684 N, 20 Jul 2011 (fl), D. Sanín et al. 4313 (COL); Cerro Tatamá, planos de San Rafael above El Santuario, 28 Mar 1986 (fl, fr), J. Wood 5380 (COL). Valle del Cauca. El Cairo, Cerro del Inglés, 2000 m, 28 May 2008 (fl, fr), J. Garzón et al. 484 (COL).

Figures

FIGURE 4. A–C. Burmeistera antioquensis (Vélez et al. 3345, type), leaves and flowers at frontal (A, B) and lateral (C) view. D–F. B. betancurii (photo J.L. Toro, Amalfi, Antioquia), leaves, flowers and berries (D), flower (E) and berry (F). G–H. B. bullatifolia (Garzón et al. 454, type), flower (G) and berries (H). Scale bars: 5 mm in A–C, E–G; 1 cm in D, H.

FIGURE 6. Distribution of Burmeistera borjensis, B. boyacensis, B. breviflora, B. bullatifolia, B. caldasensis and B. ceratocarpa.