Burmeistera kalbreyeri E.Wimm., Repert., 2023

González, Favio, 2023, Taxonomic revision of Burmeistera (Campanulaceae-Lobelioideae) in Colombia, Phytotaxa 615 (1), pp. 1-113 : 56

25. Burmeistera kalbreyeri E.Wimm., Repert. Spec. Nov. Regni Veg. 30: 12, t. 123. 1932.

Type:— COLOMBIA. Antioquia: “ Zwischen Medellin und Nare am Oberen Río Guatapé , 25 Feb 1880 (fl, fr), W. Kalbreyer 1452 (lectotype K! [ K000250828 ], designated here). Figs. 1A, E–H, K , 14 , 15D, E .

Burmeistera montipomum E.Wimm., Pflanzenr. IV. 276b: 137. 1943, syn. nov. Type:— COLOMBIA. Antioquia: La Ceja, Mar 1936 (fr), Hno. Daniel 737 (lectotype US! [ US 00146947], designated here; isolectotypes: COL! [ COL 000004735 ], W, not seen]).

Upright or slightly reclinate herbs to shrubs, sometimes epiphytic, up to 2.5 m tall. Stem glabrous. Petiole 2–8 mm long, glabrous; blade elliptic to oblong, rarely narrowly ovate or narrowly obovate, 5–18 × 3–7 cm, glabrous above, glabrescent or sometimes sparsely puberulous along the major veins beneath, base attenuated to obtuse, often slightly asymmetric, apex obtuse or rarely acute, ending in a hydathode, margin subentire to very shallowy sinuous-toothed, teeth 10 to 12 evenly scattered per side, hydathodes 1 or 2 per cm, marginal or intramarginal (rarely extramarginal), secondary veins 8 to 14 per side, higher order venation markedly reticulate, intramarginal vein lacking. Peduncle 5.0– 12.5 cm long, glabrous, ebracteolate. Hypanthium urceolate, 8–10 × 5–8 mm, glabrous. Calyx lobes ovate, 3–7 × 2.0– 3.5 mm, ascending, glabrous, basally spaced by sinuses ca. 1 mm wide, margin subentire, with 3 or 4 intramarginal teeth, reddish, apex obtuse, ending in a hydathode. Corolla green occasionally suffused with brown at its base, glabrous; tube 1.2–1.7 cm long, 2.8–3.0 mm diameter at its mid-level, inflated proximally and distally; lobes falcate, oblong-triangular, apex obtuse, mucronate, dorsal lobes 11–15 × 3–4 mm, lateral lobes 8–10 × 4–5 mm, ventral lobe 7–8 × 3–4 mm. Synandrium 3–4 cm long, exserted up to 16 mm; filament tube 2.4–3.0 cm long, glabrescent to puberulous; anther tube 6–10 mm long, glabrous except for its puberulous proximal portion, ventral anthers barbate, with a few apical trichomes during preanthesis, ebarbate during anthesis. Berries subglobose, oblate or sometimes obovoid, 1.6–2.2 × 2.0– 2.5 cm, inflated, glabrous, green to yellowish-green, often with vinaceous tints.

Phenology: — Burmeistera kalbreyeri sets flowers and fruits from February to December.

Distribution, ecology and conservation status: — Burmeistera kalbreyeri is endemic to the department of Antioquia, where it grows in cloud forests of the Central Cordillera, and one collection from the Western cordillera, at elevations between 2000 and 3150 m. Following the IUCN´s (2022) criteria [B1(EOO) and B2(AOO), conditions (a) and (b)], this species qualifies as Critically Endangered.

Notes: — Burmeistera kalbreyeri is similar to B. aeribacca (see distinctive traits under the latter).

A detailed examination of the protologues and the type specimens of Burmeistera kalbreyeri and B. montipomum shows that the diferences between these two entities, regarding the shape of the leaf blade and the size of the fruit, are negligible. Furthermore, the type specimens were collected in nearby localities in the department of Antioquia. Thus, the latter name is here subordinated to the synonymy of the former.

Burmeistera kalbreyeri was described by Wimmer (1932), based on the specimen Kalbreyer 1452, with two sheets housed at B and K. Given that the author did not designate any of them as the holotype, the sheet deposited at K ([ K000250828 ]) is here chosen as the lectotype, as it is the only original material left.

Similarly, Wimmer (1943) described Burmeistera montipomum based on two sheets deposited in en US y W, without designating a holotype. Thus , the sheet US [ US 00146947] is here chosen as the lectotype, as it is the most complete one.

Vernacular names:—“Peorrera” (Antioquia), “pomo de monte” (Antioquia).

Additional specimens examined:—Antioquia. Bello, Boquerón, finca Las Valdías, 06 Jun 1981 (fl), L. Albert et al. 81-58 (HUA); Caldas, vereda La Corrala, finca La Zarza, 2440 m, 07 Oct 1985 (fl, fr), L. Albert et al. 5882 (HUA); Caldas, vereda La Corrala, finca La Zarza, 2500 m, 17 Mar 1986 (fl, fr), L. Albert et al. 6460 (HUA); Caldas, vereda La Corrala, finca La Zarza, 2550 m, 28 Apr 1986 (fl, fr), L. Albert et al. 6664 (HUA); Caldas, vereda La Corrala, finca La Zarza, 2500 m, 27 Apr 1987 (fl, fr), L. Albert et al. 7591 (HUA); Caldas, vereda La Corrala, finca La Zarza, camino La Zarza-Alto del Gallinazo, 2440 m, 10 Nov 1987 (fl, fr), L. Albert et al. 8020 (HUA); Medellín, Santa Elena , vereda Piedras Blancas-Matasano, 6°17´39.7´´N, 75°30´35.2´´W, 2369 m, 19 Mar 2011 (fr), F. Alzate et al. 4120 (COL); Medellín, corregimiento San Cristobal, cerro del Padre Amaya, 10 Aug 1996 (fl, fr), D. Benítez 1010 (JAUM); Piedras Blancas, 2550 m, 6 Jul 1957 (fl, fr), I. Cabrera 202 (MEDEL); Estación Experimental Piedras Blancas, 2800 m, 5 Mar 1971 (fl, fr), I. Cabrera 1056 (COL, MEDEL); La Unión, vía La Unión-Sonsón, 24 km SE de La Unión, vereda Santa Cruz, 2100 m, 6 Apr 1988 (fr), R. Callejas et al. 6272 (HUA); Sonsón, vereda Chaverras, vertiente de la quebrada “El Padre Sánchez”, ascenso al Alto de La Paloma, 2900 m, 5°37´N, 75°16´W, 19 Aug 1992 (fl), R. Callejas et al. 10628 (HUA); Bello, corregimiento San Félix o “Boquerón”, en la vía al cerro, 2700‒3050 m, 6°20´N, 75°30´W, 19 Jul 1995 (fl), R. Callejas et al. 11547 (HUA); Medellín, corregimiento Santa Elena , vereda El Tambo, 3 km sobre la antigua vía a Laguna de Guarne, 2300 m, 6°15´N, 75°35´W, R. Callejas et al. 11586 (HUA); Bello, corregimiento San Félix, ca. 23 km NE de Medellín, sobre la vía a San Pedro de los Milagros, carretera a las antenas de transmisión, 2926 m, 6°26´N, 75°45´W, 6 Aug 1999 (fl, fr), R. Callejas et al. 12148 (HUA); Bello, 15 km NE de Medellín, 3 km N del peaje sobre la vía a San Pedro de Los Milagros, quebrada La García, 2400 ‒2600 m, 6°18´N, 75°37´W, s.f. (fr), R. Callejas et al. 12394 (HUA); Sonsón, vereda Norí, Cerro de Las Papas, vertiente hacia el Magdalena, 5°43´41´´N, 75°15´15´´W, 2940‒2960 m, 20 Oct 1997 (fl, fr), A. Cogollo et al. 11424 (JAUM); Medellín, Santa Elena , vereda Piedras Blancas, 6°17´14´´N, 75°30´59´´W, 2470 m, Mar 2006 (fl, fr), D. Córdoba et al. 515 (MEDEL); Envigado, recorrido límite Envigado, Caldas y El Retiro, hacia el Oriente, 2650‒2700 m, 25 Apr 1996 (fl, fr), M. Correa et al. 731 (JAUM); Envigado, Finca “Tierra Negra”, afluente “La Huyamera”, 6º10´19´´N, 75º35´09´´W, 2000 m, 4 Nov 1996 (fr), M. Correa et al. 1165 (JAUM); Envigado, cerro Astilleros, nacimiento de “La Ayurá”, 6°10´19´´N, 75°35´09´´W, 2800‒2840 m, 21 Sep 1996 (fl, fr), M. Correa et al. 1360 (HUA, JAUM); La Ceja, Jun 1936 (fr), Hno. Daniel 737, 737B (COL); La Ceja, Dec 1947 (fl), Hno. Daniel 4061 (MEDEL); carretera a Granada, Aug 1948 (fl), Hno. Daniel 4174 (MEDEL); Bello, vereda San Félix, km 25 por la carretera a las antenas de TV, 27 Oct 1986 (fl, fr), D. Echeverry et al. 28 (HUA); Carmen de Viboral, 2500 m, Jul 1960 (fl, fr), S. Espinal et al. 123 (MEDEL); Bello, cerro Las Baldías, 06°25´N, 75°38´W, 2950‒3000 m, 21 Mar 2001 (fl, fr), Estudiantes Botánica Taxonómica MEDEL 20 (MEDEL); Bello, corregimiento San Félix, Alto de Las Baldías, 06°20´N, 75°38´30´´W, 3150 m, 25 Sep 2004 (fl, fr), Estudiantes Botánica Taxonómica MEDEL 432 (MEDEL); Bello, corregimiento San Félix, Cerro San Félix, torres de telecomunicaciones, 3000‒3100 m, 22 May 1991 (fl, fr), R. Fonnegra et al. 3752 (HUA), 3776 (HUA); Medellín-Guarne, Parque Ecológico Piedras Blancas, sector Lajas, 10 Dec 1994 (fr), R. Fonnegra et al. 5324 (COL, HUA); Medellín, vereda Santa Helena , 12 km al E de Medellín, 2400 m, 18 Dec 1980 (fl, fr), G. Galeano et al. 320 (COL); Abejorral, vereda El Buey, Finca El Recreo, 05°51´N, 75°22´W, 2250 m, 28 Nov 1999 (fl), A. Gil et al. 499 (HUA); Medellín, corregimiento de Santa Elena , vereda El Placer, quebrada Las Antenas, margen izquierda, 2580 m, 4 Oct 1996 (fr), F. Giraldo et al. 1116 (JAUM); Granada, vereda La Primavera, 6°09´´N, 75°11´W, 23 Feb 1997 (fl, fr), R. Giraldo et al. 60 (JAUM); Medellín, Santa Elena, Parque Arví, 2100 m, 29 Mar 2015 (fl, fr), F. González 4591 (COL, HUA, MEDEL); bosque bajo de la cumbre cerca de Las Palmas, camino entre Medellín y El Retiro, ca. 2500 m, 23 Oct 1945 (fl), W. Hodge 6643 (GH); Carmen de Viboral, vereda La Milagrosa, via “El Canada ”, finca La Soledad, ca. 6º5´N, 75º25´W, 2400–2600 m, 27 Oct 1987 (fl, fr), J.L. Luteyn et al. 11797 (NY); La Unión, vereda San Miguel, La Unión-Sonsón road, 23 km S of La Unión, 2316 m, ca. 5º40´N, 75º20´W, 6 Apr 1988 (fl, fr), J.L. Luteyn et al. 11916 (HUA, NY); Sonsón, vereda San Pablo, Sonsón-Nariño road, 11‒14 km SE of Sonsón, ca. 2440‒2600 m, ca. 5°40´N, 75°15´W, 7 Apr 1988 (fl, fr), J.L. Luteyn et al. 11951 (HUA, NY); Medellín, corregimiento San Cristóbal, Alto del Boquerón, margen derecha de la vía Medellín-San Jerónimo, 6°17´N, 75°38´W, 2600 m, 12 Apr 2001 (fr), J. Marrugo et al. 132 (MEDEL); La Unión, corregimiento San Miguel, carretera La Unión-Sonsón, cerca al río Piedras, 2630 m, 05°56´N, 75°17´W, 5 Jul 1987 (fr), O. Marulanda et al. 300 (HUA); La Unión, corregimiento San Miguel, carretera La Unión alrededores del Cerro San Miguel, 2460‒2620 m, 05°55´N, 75°17´W, 6 Jul 1987 (fr), O. Marulanda et al. 335 (COL, HUA); Boquerón, cerro del Padre Amaya, 4 Aug 1979 (fl, fr), M. Palacio et al. 16 (HUA); Belmira, Páramo de Belmira, 6°40´N, 76°20´W, 3100 m, 22 Jul 1998 (fl), N. Parra et al. 563 (MEDEL); Belmira, corregimiento Labores, 2650 m, 13 Jul 1983 (fl, fr), A. Pérez 171 (HUA); La Estrella, Cuchilla Romeral, 6°07´60´´N, 75°39´60´´W, 23 Nov 1996 (fr), J. Pérez 93 (MEDEL); Medellín corregimiento de San Cristobal de la Montaña (cerca de la torre 12), 6º20´02´´N, 75º39´06´´W, 2850‒2895 m, 9 Apr 1997 (fl, fr), W. Rodríguez et al. 402 (JAUM); Medellín, cuchilla de Baldías, al lado del camino que conduce a la torre 12, microcuenca La Iguana, ca. 6º20´02´´N, 75º39´06´´W, 2850 m, 29 Apr 1997 (fr), W. Rodríguez et al. 638 (JAUM); Guarne, vereda Piedras Blancas, cerca a la represa, 2290 m, 11 Feb 1984 (fl, fr), F. Roldán et al. 55 (HUA); Santa Rosa, Reforestación El Guásimo , 6°35´N, 75°25´W, 2300 m, 6 Sep 1990 (fl, fr), D. Sánchez et al. 1269 (MEDEL); Envigado, El Silencio, 6°10´N, 75°34´W, 2300 m, 26 Oct 2004 (fl), V. Sánchez et al. 961 (MEDEL); Guarne, paraje Piedras Blancas, bosque de Quercus, 2200 m , 25 Jul 1981 (fl, fr), J. Santa 509 (HUA); Cordillera Central, Cerro del Gallinazo, mountain due E of Caldas, S of Medellín, 6º05´N, 75º33´W, 2400‒2600 m, 4 Feb 1986 (fl, fr), B. Stein et al. 3346 (NY); Rionegro, km 20 on road from La Unión to Sonsón, c. 5º45´N, 75º15´W, 2350 m, 26 Feb 1986 (fr), B. Stein et al. 3579 (NY); San Pedro, 4 Mar 1939 (fl, fr), H. Tomás 416 (2884) (MEDEL); Medellín, Cerro del Padre Amaya al occidente de la ciudad, 2900 m, 11 Jan 1972 (fl, fr), L. Uribe 6630 (COL); Medellín, cerro del Padre Amaya, 10.2 km from Medellín-Santa Fé de Antioquia highway on road to summit, 06°16´N, 75°41´W, 2990 m, 18 Mar 1987 (fl, fr), J. Zarucchi et al. 4801 (HUA); Medellín, cerro del Padre Amaya, 9.4 km from Medellín-Santa Fé de Antioquia highway on road to summit, 06°16´N, 75°41´W, 2770‒2860 m, 30 Mar 1987 (fl, fr), J. Zarucchi et al. 5129 (HUA), 5156 (HUA); Medellín, along road to Cerro del Padre Amaya, 10 km from Medellín-Santa Fé de Antioquia road, 06°16´N, 75°41´W, 2970 m, 15 Sep 1987 (fl), J. Zarucchi et al. 5337 (HUA).

Figures

FIGURE 1. Diagnostic traits in Burmeistera. A, B. Flowering branches with non-reduced subtending leaves (A; B. kalbreyeri, González et al. 4591), versus reduced subtending leaves pointed with arrow (B; B. fistulosa, Pedraza et al. 1981). C, D. Ebracteolate (C, B. glabrata; González et al. 4366), versus bracteolate (D, B. caldasensis; Berry et al. 4709) peduncle. E–H, Floral landmarks at ventral (E), side (F; G, sagittal section), and dorsal (H) view (B. kalbreyeri; González et al. 4591). I. Barbate ventral anthers (arrows) at preanthesis in B. fistulosa (Luteyn et al. 11989). J. Ebarbate anthers (arrows) of a synandrium at preanthesis (below) and anthesis (above) in B. serraniaguae (Luteyn et al. 12676). K. Inflated berry (B. kalbreyeri; González et al. 4591). L. Non-inflated berry of B. reclinata (Pedraza et al. 2304). M, N. Seed (M) and seed coat (N) of B. asclepiadea (Stein et al. 3701). O, P. Seed (O) and seed coat (P) of B. rostrata (Luteyn et al. 5066). Abbreviations: al, anther tube length; br, bracteole; bs, bilobed stigma; cl, corolla lobe length; cw, corolla lobe width; dl, dorsal corolla lobe; fl, filament tube length; fp, floral peduncle; hd, hypanthium diameter; hl, hypanthium length; ll, lateral corolla lobe; pe, petiole; se, synandrium exserted portion; sl, sepal lobe length; td, mid-level diameter of corolla tube; tl, tube length; vl, ventral corolla lobe. Scale bars: 3 cm in A; 1 cm in B, K; 1 mm in C–H, L; 100 µm in I, M, O; 500 µm in J; 10 µm in N, P.

FIGURE 14. Distribution of Burmeistera hippobromoides, B. ibaguensis, B. kalbreyeri, B. killipii, B. loejtnantii, B. longifolia, B. luteynii and B. marginata.

FIGURE 15. A–C. Burmeistera ibaguensis (Pedraza et al. 2087), leaves, flowers and berry. D, E. B. kalbreyeri, leaves, flowers and berries (González et al. 4591). F. B. killipii (González et al. 2865), leaves and flowers. G. B. luteynii, leaves, flower and berry (González et al. 800). Photo credits: A–C, P. Pedraza; D–F. F. González; G. M. González. Scale bars: 1 cm in A, D–G; 5 mm in B, C.