Burmeistera succulenta H. Karst. & Triana, Linnaea

González, Favio, 2023, Taxonomic revision of Burmeistera (Campanulaceae-Lobelioideae) in Colombia, Phytotaxa 615 (1), pp. 1-113 : 87-88

50. Burmeistera succulenta H. Karst. & Triana, Linnaea 28: 445. 1856.

Type:— COLOMBIA. Tolima /Quindío: “ Provincia de Mariquita , crescit circa “ El Roble ” in monte Quindío”, 2000 m, Jan 1853 (fl), J. J. Triana 1586 (lectotype BM! [ BM000947548 ], designated here; isolectotypes: COL! [ COL000004743 ], P! [ P00408903 ]). Figs. 22J–L , 25 .

Burmeistera succulenta var. latisepala E.Wimm., Repert. Nov. Spec. Regni Veg. 29: 55. 1931. Type :— ECUADOR: “In sylvis montanum Tunguragua et Guayrapata”, Dec 1857 ”, R. Spruce 5119 (lectotype K! [ K000250836 ], designated here; isolectotypes: BM! [ BM000778656 ], E! [ E00259141 ], G! [ G00236670 , G00236671 ], K! [ K000250837 ], P! [ P00408902 ]).

Burmeistera succulenta var. meiophylla Zahlbr. ex E.Wimm., Repert. Spec. Nov. Regni Veg. 30: 28. 1932. Type :— VENEZUELA: “Colonia Tovar”, s.d. (fl, fr), H. Karsten s.n. (lectotype COL! [ COL 000266968 ], designated here; isolectotypes: JE! [ JE00000628 ], LE! [ LE00007913 ]).

Upright or scandent herbs or shrubs, sometimes epiphytic, up to 2 m tall. Stem glabrous. Petiole 0.4–1.0(–1.4) cm long, glabrous; blade oblong, elliptic or sometimes ovate, 6–17 × 2.5–8.0 cm, bullate, membranous, glabrous above, glabrescent with some trichomes on the veins beneath, base cuneate to obtuse, often asymmetric, apex acuminate to cuspidate, margin slightly sinuous and loosely toothed and then with one or two extramarginal hydathodes per cm, these more marked towards the middle and distal portion, secondary veins 10 to 15 per side, intramarginal vein present, discontinuous. Peduncle 7–17 cm long, glabrous, ebracteolate. Hypanthium obconic, 8–14 × 5–9 mm, glabrous. Calyx lobes linear, 11–22 × 2–3(–4) mm, ascending, glabrous, basally spaced by sinuses 1‒2 mm wide, margin usually with 3 or 4 teeth per side, apex obtuse. Corolla uniformly green or suffused with purple or brown, or uniformly purple, glabrous; tube 1.2–2.0 cm long × 4–5 mm diameter at its mid-level, inflated proximally and distally; lobes narrowly oblong, falcate, curled back at late anthesis, apex acuminate; dorsal lobes 15–25 × 3–5 mm, lateral lobes 14–20 × 3–5 mm, ventral lobe 12–16 × 2.8–3.0 mm. Synandrium 3.7–5.1 cm long, exserted up to 2.4 cm; filament tube 2.7–3.9 cm long, glabrous or sometimes slightly puberulous; anther tube 10–12 mm long, glabrous, apex glabrous to evenly villous, ventral anthers ebarbate throughout. Berries subglobose, cylindric, ellipsoid or rarely obconic, 1.5–2.0 × 1.4– 1.8 cm, not inflated, spongy, glabrous, pink.

Phenology: — Burmeistera succulenta sets flowers and fruits throughout the year.

Distribution, ecology and conservation status: — Burmeistera succulenta is widespread from Costa Rica to Colombia, Venezuela, Ecuador and Peru. In Colombia, it has been collected in both flanks of the Western and the Central cordilleras, in the departments of Antioquia, Caldas, Chocó, Nariño, Quindío, Risaralda, Tolima and Valle del Cauca, at elevations between 600 and 2780 m. Following the IUCN (2022) Guidelines, it is highly likely that this species is not threatened.

Notes: — Burmeistera succulenta is similar to B. serraniaguae (see distinctive traits under the latter).

The original description of Burmeistera succulenta is based on a specimen collected by J.J. Triana in the locality “El Roble”, at 2000 m, probably in the current department of Quindío. There are three duplicates (deposited at BM, COL and P) that correspond to B. succulenta and that have original labels with this specific locality. Thus, it is necessary to formally designate a lectotype, despite the fact that the P sheet was noted as the holotype in the jstor portal [http://plants.jstor.org/stable/viewer/10.5555/al.ap.specimen.p00408903]. The sheet deposited at BM [BM000947548] is here chosen as the lectotype, given that it is the most complete one.

Wimmer (1931) described Burmeistera succulenta var. latisepala based on the specimen R. Spruce 5119, of which there are two sheets at K. The most complete sheet (K000250836) is chosen here as the lectotype.

Burmeistera succulenta var. meiophylla was described based on three syntypes: Venezuela: Colonia Tovar, s.f. (fl, fr), H. Karsten s.n. (B, destructed, COL [ COL 000266968 ], JE [ JE00000628 ]); Colombia: Popayán , “In Andibus Occid. 1300‒1600 m, Lehmann 5990 (K); y Ecuador: Chimborazo, “ad flumen Río Chasnar , R. Spruce 6212 (K, W). Two of these sheets (H. Karsten s.n., deposited at COL and JE) are currently available. The sheet housed at COL is here chosen as the lectotype because it is the most complete one. The sheet Karsten s.n. deposited at JE appears misidentified as B. succulenta var. microphylla in jstor [http://plants.jstor.org/stable/viewer/10.5555/al.ap.specimen. je00000628].

Additional specimens examined:— Antioquia. Frontino, Parque de Las Orquídeas, bosque atrás de la casa de “Tocallo”, río Calles , ca. 1400 m, 15 Jun 1981 (fr), L. Albert et al. 1721 ( HUA) ; Cocorná, km 63 autopista Medellín-Bogotá , quebrada El Bihao, 1900 m, 26 Apr 1980 (fl, fr), R. Bernal et al. 176 ( COL, HUA) ; Valdivia, road to Briceño, 1.1 km W of Medellín, Caucasia highway, 7°03´N, 75°28´W, 1800 m, 12 Oct 1987 (fl, fr), A. Brant et al. 1295 ( COL, HUA) ; Briceño, cerca San Fermín, vía Ventanas ( Yarumal ) – Briceño , km 2.5, 2100‒2300 m, 75º32´W, 7º10´N, 11 Nov 1987 (fl, fr), R. Callejas et al. 5534 ( HUA, NY) ; Campamento , vereda El Alto, 4 km W de la mina “Las Brisas”, 1 km de la quebrada El Niño, 1810 m, 7°03´N, 75°19´W, 9 Sep 1989 (fl), R. Callejas et al. 8373 ( HUA), 8378 ( HUA, NY) ; Valdivia, vereda San Fermín , sitio “Alto de Ventanas”, en la vía que conduce a Briceño, 2 km NE de la vía Medellín-Valdivia, 1990‒2100 m, 7°05´N, 75°32´W, 18 Sep 1992 (fl, fr), R. Callejas et al. 10708 ( HUA) ; Yarumal , vereda El Cedro , desvío sobre el Alto de Ventanas, 5‒15 km NE sobre la vía Medellín-Costa Atlántica, 131 km NE de Medellín , 1600‒2000 m, 7°4´19´´N, 75°28´W, 25 Jan 2004, R. Callejas et al. 13377 ( HUA) ; Jardín, sector El Clavel, 5º36´21´´N, 75º46´33´´W, 1800‒2000 m, 1 Jul 2007 (fl), H. David et al. 2086 ( HUA) ; Betania, Farallones de Citará, paraje Las Canoas, Quebrada “La Bramadora”, 5º44´N, 76º00´W, 2100 m, 10 Nov 1997 (fl), R. Fonnegra et al. 6512 ( HUA) ; Yarumal , 2430 m, 25 Aug 1979 (fl, fr), S. Hoyos et al. 19 ( JAUM) ; 1‒4 km N of Las Ventanas along Pan American Hwy. , 1730‒1920 m, ca. 7º2´N, 75º30´W, 26 May 1984 (fl, fr), J. L. Luteyn et al. 10750 ( GH, JAUM, NY) ; to 5 km down road to San Fermín de Briceño , W off Pan American Hwy., ca. 25 km N of Yarumal , 1525‒1830 m, ca. 7º01´N, 75º35´W, 26 May 1984 (fl), J. L. Luteyn et al. 10761 ( JAUM, NY), 10773 ( NY) ; to 2 km down road to San Fermín de Briceño , W off Pan American Hwy., ca. 25 km N of Yarumal , 1525‒1830 m, ca. 7°01´N, 75°35´W, 22 May 1988 (fl, fr), J. L. Luteyn et al. 12416 ( HUA, NY), 12418 ( HUA, NY), 12420 ( HUA, NY, PSO) ; Yarumal, Alto de Ventanas , ca. 1–6 km along road to El Cedro , ca. 22 km N of Yarumal, 7°10´N, 75°28´W, 1890–2000 m, 4–5 Jun 1989 (fl), J. L. Luteyn et al. 13201 ( HUA, NY) ; Jardín, road between Jardín and Río Sucio, ca. 9 km from Jardín , 05°33´N, 79°49´W, 2300‒2400 m, 29 Jan 1989 (fl), J. MacDougal et al. 3549 ( HUA, NY) ; Betania, vereda Pedral Arriba, margen izquierda quebrada La Bramadora , 5°44´N, 76°00´W, 1700‒1850 m, 28 Sep 2003 (fl, fr), J. Marrugo et al. 986 ( MEDEL) ; Jardín, vereda El Salado, borde del río Docató , 1500 m, 26 Jan 1989 (fl, fr), O. Marulanda et al. 636 ( HUA) ; Jardín, Reserva La Mesenia, trail along San Juan river , 2409 m, 05.486°N, 75.8941°W, 30 Mar 2012 (fl, fr), N. Muchhala 489 ( HUA) ; Urrao, Parque de Las Orquídeas , 1300 m, 6 Apr 1985 (fl, fr), J. Ramírez et al. 02 ( HUA) ; Urrao, Parque de Las Orquídeas , 2780 m, 14 Apr 1985 (fl, fr), E. Rentería et al. 3837 ( HUA, JAUM) ; Betania, vereda La Oculta, alrededores de los Farallones de Citará , entre la Quebrada La Bramadora y las parcelas permanentes de la Universidad Nacional sede Medellín , 5°44´20´´N, 76°01´30´´W, 2000 m, 31 May 2009 (fl), G. Silva et al. 1760 ( MEDEL) ; Cordillera Central, ca. 60 km S of Medellín on main Hwy. to Manizales , c. 5°50´N, 75°44´W, 1350 m, 26 Jan 1986 (fl, fr), B. Stein et al. 3303 ( NY) ; Medellín-Cartagena Hwy, turnoff to Briceño , c. 25 km N of Yarumal, 7°07´N, 75°28´W, 1800‒1850 m, 7 Feb 1986 (fr), B. Stein et al. 3369 ( GH, JAUM, NY), 3381 ( JAUM, NY) ; Nariño, km 18 of road Nariño-Sonsón (18 km from Sonsón & 3 km from fork in road to Argelia), 5°40´N, 75°15´W, 2210 m, 7 Mar 1987 (fl, fr), J. Zarucchi et al. 4577 ( HUA, NY). Caldas. Monteleón, 2250 m, 26 May 1984 (fl), M. de Fraume et al. 248 ( NY) ; Cordillera Occidental, San Clemente , 1800‒2200 m, 16 Sep 1922 (fl), F. Pennell 10685 ( GH, NY) ; Manizales, Río Blanco , El Paso nivel, 2500 m, 10 Jul 2003 (fl, fr), D. Sanín 969 ( CUVC). Chocó. Along road between San José del Palmar and Cartago, vereda La Bella between San José del Palmar and turnoff to El Cairo, 4°53´N, 76°13´W, 1430 m, 12 May 1983 (fl), T. Croat 56678 ( JAUM) ; carretera Tutunendó-El Carmen, alrededores del campamento “El 12”, alto río Atrato , 600 m, 27 Apr 1979 (fl, fr), E. Forero et al. 5920 ( COL) ; San José de Palmar, Reserva Galápagos , 2200‒2500 m, 31 May 2008 (fl, fr), J. Garzón et al. 482 ( COL), 490 ( COL), 491 ( COL), 492 ( COL) ; Emisora La Sirena, 3 km W of Mansa at top of Cordillera Occidental , 2300‒2400 m, 16 Jun 1979 (fl, fr), A. Gentry et al. 24220 ( HUA) ; road to Lloró from Yuto , 50 m, along creek ca. 2 km E of Yuto, 18 Jan 1979 (fl, fr), A. Gentry et al. 24389 ( COL) ; Bolívar-Quibdó road, ca. 37‒40 km W of El Carmen, 671‒1360 m, ca. 5º40´N, 76º15´W, 21–22 May 1984 (fl), J. L. Luteyn et al. 10650 ( NY) ; cerca a Quibdó , Dec 1974 (fl), P. Ortíz 4283 (COL). Nariño. Barbacoas, Reserva Natural Río Ñambí , 1300 m, 1°19´N, 78°05´W, 9 Aug 1992 (fl), J. Arias 137 ( PSO) ; Barbacoas, km 3 vía Junín-Barbacoas , 1200 m, 6 Jul 1987 (fl), O. de Benavides 8104 ( PSO), 8147 ( PSO) ; Junín-Barbacoas road, 2‒10 km N of Junín, 1°30´N, 78°10´W, 900‒1000 m, 26 Jul 1986 (fl, fr), A. Gentry et al. 55312 ( PSO) ; Barbacoas, corregimiento de Junín, km 4 Junín-El Diviso 161, 780 m, 2 May 1988 (fl), J. Rosero 161 ( PSO). Quindío. Filandia, carretera Filandia-Armenia, km 6 margen izquierdo, 1950 m, 26 Jan 2009 (fl), F. Alzate et al. 3179 ( COL) ; Circasia-Filandia , 8 Feb 1997 (fl, fr), B. Calvachi s.n. ( COL) ; Pijao, carretera al páramo de Chilí, Finca Finarias, predios de Cartón Colombia, 4°19´2.7´´N, 75°41´8.4´´W, 2394 m, 22 Nov 2016 (fl), M. González et al. 4227 ( COL) ; Pijao, carretera al páramo de Chilí, Finca Finarias, predios de Cartón Colombia, 4°19´2.7´´N, 75°41´8.4´´W, 2394 m, 23 Nov 2016 (fl), M. González et al. 4302, 4310 ( COL) ; “Flora Neogranadina-Quindiensis, inter Volcancito & Boquía, 27 Jan 1853 (fl), I. Holton s.n. ( NY) ; Cordillera Central, “La Cabaña”, 14 km above ( E of) Calarcá on road to Ibagué , c. 4°30´N, 75°35´W, 2400 m, 14 Feb 1986 (fl, fr), B. Stein 3458 ( NY). Risaralda. Santuario a Apía, orillas del río San Rafael, hacienda de Molina actualmente de CARDER, cerca de la cascada del río San Rafael , PNN Tatamá, 5°3´27´´N, 75°56´3´´W, 7 Dec 1989 (fl, fr), C. Barbosa 5881 ( HUA) ; Pueblo Rico, río Taibá , 1350 m, 14 Mar 1986 (fl, fr), R. Bernal et al. 977 ( NY), 991 ( COL, NY) ; Pereira, Parque Regional Ucumarí , entre El Cedral y La Pastora, bosque y potrero cerca del camino, 2300 m, 14 Jun 1989 (fl, fr), R. Bernal et al. 1662 ( COL) ; Santa Rosa, Parque Natural Ucumarí , alrededores de La Pastora, 2350 m, 11 Apr 1994 (fl), S. Díaz 4429 ( COL) ; Mistrató, en la vía San Antonio de Chamí y Mistrató , sitio “Las Partidas”, 1700 m, 26 Apr 1992 (fl, fr), J. Fernández et al. 10088 ( COL) ; Pereira, La Suiza, camino a Callejones, 1950 m, 13 Jun 1989 (fl), P. Franco et al. 2602 ( COL) ; Mistrató, vereda La Aldea, camino al río Chamí , 1600‒1800 m, 21 Mar 1991 (fl, fr), G. Galeano et al. 2630 ( COL) ; Pereira, vereda La Pastora, Parque Regional Ucumarí , detrás de la casa de La Pastora, 2540 m, 2 Jul 1990 (fl, fr), M. Galeano et al. 512 ( COL) ; Pereira, Parque Regional Ucumarí , alrededores de la Cabaña La Pastora, 2460‒2600 m, 13 Jun 1989 (fl), F. González et al. 1627 ( COL) ; Santa Rosa de Cabal , carretera hacia los termales, desviando por la escuela San Ramón hacia la vereda La Paloma, 2010 m, 1–11 Aug 1994 (fl, fr), L. Katib et al. 447 ( COL) ; Pueblo Rico, vereda Tatamá, cuenca del río Tatamá, Reserva Karagabí ( Arbol de agua en lengua Embera ), 05º00´N, 76º01´W, 2020 m, 5 Jan 2001 (fl), R. López et al. 6921 ( COL, HUA) ; Pereira, Parque Regional Ucumarí, ca. 22 km ESE of Pereira, trail to Ucumarí , through Ceiba forest , 4º40´N, 75º35´ W, 2100‒2670 m, 25 May 1989 (fl), J. L. Luteyn et al. 13107 ( NY) ; Pereira , SFF Otún-Quimbaya, 4°43´43.43.4´´ N, 75°34´41.7´´W, C. Murcia et al. 967 ( CUVC) ; Pereira, Santuario de Fauna y Flora Otún-Quimbaya , 1900 m, 16 Mar 2003 (fr), C. Murcia et al. 1036 ( MEDEL) ; Mistrató, ca. 12 km al NE de la cabecera municipal, 1800‒1900 m, 17 Mar 1991 (fl, fr), M. Pardo et al. 2358 ( COL) ; Marsella, corregimiento La Nona, Convención, Reserva La Nona , 1700‒2000 m, 12–17 Mar 1999 (fl), W. Vargas 5655 ( HUA). Valle del Cauca. Corregimiento Bitaco, vereda Chicoral, reserva Montebello, Alto Bitaco, 3°34´19´´N, 76°34´57´´W, 4 Dec 2004 (fl, fr), M. Cardona 20 ( CUVC) ; Cali-Buenaventura Hwy, km 28 from Cali , “El Refugio”, 900 m, 03°28´N, 76°38´ W, 12 Feb 1990 (fl), T. Croat et al. 70472 ( CUVC) ; Cordillera Occidental, vertiente occidental, hoya del río Digua, Piedras de Moler , 900‒ 1180 m, 19–28 Aug 1943 (fr), J. Cuatrecasas 15140 ( VALLE) ; Cordillera Occidental, vertiente occidental, hoya del río Albán, quebrada Robada , Alto Bonito, 1800–1900 m, 20–21 Oct 1946 (fl), J. Cuatrecasas 22341 ( VALLE) ; Cordillera Occidental, vertiente occidental, hoya del río Digua, lado izquierdo del río San Juan en la región de Queremal, 1540‒1650 m, 25 Feb 1947 (fl), J. Cuatrecasas 23719 ( VALLE) ; bosque de San Antonio, W of Cali , near television tower, 1950‒2050 m, 15 Jul 1984 (fl), A. Gentry 48126 ( CUVC) ; Finca Zingara, corregimiento La Divisora, crest of Cordillera Occidental 6 km N of Cali-Buenaventura highway, W of Cali , 3°32´N, 76°35´W, 1960 m, 24 Mar 1986 (fl), A. Gentry et al. 53537 ( CUVC) ; La Cumbre, corregimiento Bitaco , vereda La Sofía, 2100 m, 20 Aug 2017 (fl, fr), F. González 4694 ( COL) ; La Cumbre, Cerro de Yumbillo , corregimiento de Bitaco, vereda La Sofía, 2200 m, 5 Oct 1988 (fl, fr), M. Klimkiewicz 137 ( CUVC) ; La Elvira, finca Zingara , 1800‒2200 m, ca. 25 km W of Cali at km 18, ca. 3º28´N, 76º37´W, 19–20 Apr 1989 (fl, fr), J. L. Luteyn et al. 12522 ( CUVC, NY), 12557 ( CUVC, NY) ; La Cumbre, vereda Chicoral Alto, above Dapa , ca. 3°39´N, 76°35´W, 22 Apr 1989 (fl), J. L. Luteyn et al. 12622 ( CUVC) ; carretera Cali-Buenaventura , km 17, 1900 m, 6 Sep 1980 (fl, fr), C. Murcia et al. 37 ( CUVC) ; Cali, km 18 carretera arriba de la vía que de Cali va a Buenaventura , 1800 m, 7 Feb 1989 (fr), N. Paz 161 ( CUVC) ; Cordillera Occidental , La Cumbre, 1800‒2000 m, 7–10 May 1922 (fl, fr), F. Pennell 5151 ( GH, NY) ; Cordillera Occidental , La Cumbre, 14–19 May 1922 (fl), F. Pennell et al. 5783 ( GH, NY) ; Cali, km 18 carretera Cali-Buenaventura , 7 Oct 1989 (fl, fr), J. Ramos 1945 ( COL, CUVC, NY) ; La Cumbre, 2000 m, vereda Chicoral Alto, detrás de Dapa, nacimientos del río Bitaco , 13 Jan 1990 (fl), J. Ramos 2370 ( CUVC, NY) ; La Cumbre, ca. 1800 m, vereda Chicoral Alto, detrás de Dapa, carretera Dapa-Bitaco, nacimientos del río Bitaco , 24 Nov 1990 (fl), J. Ramos 3029 ( NY) ; Las Delicias, NW of Restrepo Valley, 5000 ft, 2 Aug 1962 (fl), J. Robinson 208 ( COL) ; Reserva Natural “Hato Viejo”, Parque Nacional Farallones de Cali , 2200 m, May 1994 (fl), U. Schmitt Uso 68HV ( COL, CUVC) ; Sevilla, Cordillera Central, vertiente occidental, carretera Sevilla Barragán , a 20.5 km arriba de Sevilla, 11 Oct 1981 (fl, fr), P. Silverstone 768 ( CUVC) ; Reserva Montebello, Alto Dapa , 3°34´19´´N, 76°34´57´´W, 2060 m, 8 Nov 2003 (fl), X. Vargas et al. 25 ( CUVC) .

Figures

FIGURE 22. A–E. Burmeistera reclinata (Pedraza et al. 2304, type), habit (A), flowers (B–D) and berries (E). F–I. B. serraniaguae (Garzón et al. 485, type), habit (F), flowers (G, H), and berry (I). J–L. B. succulenta (Garzón et al. 491), habit (J), flower (K), and berry (L). Photo credits: A–E, M.F. González; F–L, J. Garzón. Scale bars: 5 mm in A–E, G–I, K, L; 1 cm in F, J.

FIGURE 25. Distribution of Burmeistera succulenta, B. sylvicola and B. tomentosula.