Bougainvillia pyramidata ( Forbes & Goodsir, 1851 )

Galea, Horia R., 2007, Hydroids and hydromedusae (Cnidaria: Hydrozoa) from the fjords region of southern Chile, Zootaxa 1597 (1), pp. 1-116 : 19-21

Bougainvillia pyramidata ( Forbes & Goodsir, 1851)

(fig. 5D–K, pl. 1B)

Hippocrene pyramidata Forbes & Goodsir, 1851: 312 , pl.10 fig. 4.

Bougainvillia pyramidata: Mayer, 1910: 168 ; Russell, 1953: 167, fig. 82A–C; Kramp, 1959: 108, fig. 86; Edwards, 1964: 725, figs 1–4; 1966: 145; Russell, 1970: 236, fig. 6S.

Material examined. Stn. COM 02 —12.i.2005, 12.5 m, S68: small, sterile colonies, less than 1 cm high, epizoic on Symplectoscyphus filiformis . Stn. COM03, 25.ii.2005, 15– 25 m, S65: small, sterile colonies, less than 1 cm high, epizoic on Symplectoscyphus filiformis . Stn. COM 07 —25.xii. 2004, 22 m, S57: small, sterile colony, mainly stolonal, but also with a few minute, erect stems, sometimes with only the perisarc left, epizoic on Plumularia setacea , 1 slide ( MHNG INVE 53236); S47: sterile colony, with several small, erect stems, epizoic on Sertularella polyzonias ( MHNG INVE 53219). 09.iii.2005, 10– 25 m, S56: several colonies 4–5 cm high, with only the perisarc left. 14.ii. 2006, 22 m, S163: one fertile colony, about 3 cm high, on sponge ( MHNG INVE 53488). Stn. COM 08 —18.i.2006, 18– 22 m, S160: one colony ca 3.8 cm high and smaller fragments, all fertile, liberating medusae ( MHNG INVE 53486). Stn. COM 10 —22.i.2006, 15– 20 m, S157: one sterile colony, ca 3.3 cm high ( MHNG INVE 53482). Stn. COM 11 —11.ix. 2004, 26 m, S14: small, fertile colonies, up to 2.5 cm, epizoic on Sertularella polyzonias , 3 slides ( MHNG INVE 53166). 27.i.2006, 17– 23 m, S97: several colonies, up to 2 cm high, on unidentified substrate, a polychaete tube, and stems of Obelia dichotoma , with a few gonophores present in some parts of colonies ( MHNG INVE 53349). Stn. MEL 02 — 06.iii. 2005, 15 m, S81: small, sterile colonies, up to 3 mm high, epizoic on Symplectoscyphus filiformis . Stn. MEL 03 —08.iii.2005, 20– 30 m, S82: several fertile colonies, up to 3.5 cm high, epizoic on Symplectoscyphus subdichotomus and polychaete tubes; S90: several small colonies, up to 1 cm high, with a few medusa buds, epizoic on Symplectoscyphus filiformis . Stn. IVM — 28.iii.2005, S46 (8 m): several sterile colonies and fragments, 4–6 cm high, with only the perisarc left, 4 slides ( MHNG INVE 53573); S35 (8 m): several sterile colonies, 4–5 cm high, on Primnoella sp. , 3 slides ( MHNG INVE 53199); S26 (20 m): one colony 5.5 cm high and smaller fragments, all sterile and with only the perisarc left, on gorgonian ( MHNG INVE 53184); S32 (25 m): several colonies and fragments, up to 6 cm high, some with a few gonophores ( MHNG INVE 53191). Stn. CME — 28.iii. 2005, 12 m, S50: small, sterile colony, 3 mm high, on dead gorgonian, 3 slides ( MHNG INVE 53574); S62: two small, sterile colonies, about 1 cm high, on wood. Stn. ICC — 28.iii. 2005, 25 m, S38: several sterile colonies, 6–7 cm high, with only the perisarc left, on gorgonian ( MHNG INVE 53201); S10: several sterile colonies, up to 7.5 cm, with only the perisarc left, on gorgonian ( MHNG INVE 53163). Stn. CFQ — 29.iii. 2005, 32 m, S40: several stems ca 4.5 cm high, with only the perisarc left ( MHNG INVE 53203); S45: a small, sterile colony, less than 1 cm high, most often with only the perisarc left, on stems of unidentifiable tubulariid ( MHNG INVE 53213); S73: several colonies up to 3 cm, and smaller fragments, some parts with medusa buds, on gorgonian, 3 slides ( MHNG INVE 53262). Stn. B 12 —27.iii. 2005, 25 m, S5: one colony, about 2.5 cm high, and smaller fragments, all with only the perisarc left, on polychaete tube ( MHNG INVE 53158). Stn. T 16 —25.iii. 2005, 12 m, S42: one colony, 11 cm high, and smaller fragments, all sterile, on wood ( MHNG INVE 53208). Stn. TEM — 26.iii. 2005, 7 m, S34: several colonies up to 11 cm high, and several smaller fragments, all sterile, 4 slides ( MHNG INVE 53196). Stn. IMI — 15.iii. 2006, 22 m, S110: a colony, ca 3 cm high, and one fragment 1.3 cm high, both with medusa buds. Stn. COF — 16.iii. 2006, 4 m, S84: one colony, 12 cm high, and smaller fragments, all with a few gonophores ( MHNG INVE 53298). Stn. SWA — 15.iii. 2006, 20 m, S134: several colonies, up to 1 cm high, with medusa buds; S131 (25 m): several sterile stems 1–2 cm high ( MHNG INVE 53404). Stn. CFA — 14.iii.2006, S147 (10 m): several sterile colonies, up to 6 cm high; S125 (15 m): several sterile colonies, up to 7 cm high; S88 (10–30 m): one sterile colony, 13 cm high ( MHNG INVE 53322). Stn. EDE — 11.iii.2006, 5– 20 m, S148: one colony, 13 cm high, and a smaller fragment, both sterile ( MHNG INVE 53467). Stn. ILA — 13.iii. 2006, 32 m, S130: a sterile colony, ca 2 cm high, on polychaete tube. Stn. ICA — 13.iii. 2006, 20 m, S139: a few small, sterile colonies, up to 1 cm high. Stn. CCO — 09.iii. 2006, 18 m, S144: a few small, sterile colonies, epizoic on Symplectoscyphus sp. Stn. CAR — 08.iii.2006, S152 (15–25 m): several sterile colonies, ca 5 cm high; S150 (15–25 m): three sterile colonies, up to 4.5 cm high; S116 (20 m): one colony 9 cm high, with immature medusa buds ( MHNG INVE 53371). Stn. CPI — 07.iii. 2006, 20 m, S89: one colony, 13 cm high, and smaller fragments, all sterile ( MHNG INVE 53328); S149: several large colonies, up to 15 cm high, all sterile. Stn. GDA — 07.iii.2006, S126 (11 m): one colony 4 cm high and smaller fragments, with rare gonophores; S132 (15 m): three sterile colonies 5– 6 cm high, with only the perisarc left. Stn. CVI — 06.iii.2006, S143 (15 m): one large colony, 10 cm high, and smaller fragments, all sterile; S105 (15–25 m): small colony, composed of a few hydranths, without gonophores, epizoic on Lafoea dumosa ; S86 (15–25 m): a couple of sterile colonies, about 5.5 cm high; S128 (15– 25 m): a small, stolonal colony composed of a few polyps, without gonophores, on crab carapace. Plankton — off the Huinay Scientific Field Station, 12.i.2006 and 07, 11, 13, 18, 19.ii.2006, 50–0 m, several medusae ( MHNG INVE 49037).

Type locality. Loch Laigh , Mull, Ireland .

Remarks. For a complete description of both the hydroid and medusa stages see Edwards (1964) or Schuchert (2007). Additional data on the medusa are provided by Russell (1953). The present hydroid material consists of colonies of various appearance, ranging from stolonal or small, erect, monosiphonic colonies to large, polysiphonic colonies. The medusae caught from the plankton have a bell height of ca 2–3 mm. Cnidome (polyp):

a) microbasic euryteles, undischarged (7.6–8.7) x (3.6–3.8) µm, discharged (5.4–6.1) x (2.0–2.5) µm;

b) desmonemes, undischarged (3.5–4.3) x (2.5–2.8) µm.

Cnidome (medusa):

a) microbasic euryteles, undischarged (7.2–7.8) x (3.5–3.7) µm, discharged (5.9–6.4) x (2.4–2.6) µm;

b) desmonemes, undischarged (3.7–4.8) x (2.7–3.2) µm.

Hydroid epibionts. Hydractinia pacifica Hartlaub, 1905 ; Egmundella gracilis Stechow, 1921 ; Lafoeina longitheca Jäderholm, 1904 ; Phialella cf. quadrata ( Forbes, 1848) ; Modeeria rotunda ( Quoy & Gaimard, 1827) ; Filellum serratum ( Clarke, 1879) ; Lafoea dumosa ( Fleming, 1828) ; Orthopyxis mollis ( Stechow, 1919) ; Clytia linearis ( Thornely, 1900) ; Obelia dichotoma ( Linnaeus, 1758) .

World distribution. Atlantic, on the western coast of British Isles ( Russell 1953).

Records from Chile. Abundant hydroid material was found along the entire study area, from 42°10' S to 52°10' S. Medusae were collected from fjord Comau. This is the first record of the species for Chile .