Prionyx (Harpactopus) macula ( Fabricius, 1804 )

Odintsev, Yuriy N. Danilov Oleg A. & Kobets, Anastasia S., 2024, A taxonomic study on the genus Prionyx Vander Linden, 1827 (Hymenoptera: Sphecidae: Prionychini). Subgenus Harpactopus F. Smith, 1856, Zootaxa 5551 (2), pp. 263-298 : 274-275

Prionyx (Harpactopus) macula ( Fabricius, 1804)

( Figs 2d , 4d , 5c , 6c , 7d , 8c , 9g , 12b )

Pepsis macula Fabricius 1804:210 , sex not stated. Holotype: ♂, “Arabia” [ Saudi Arabia: no specific locality] (MNHN, now possibly lost according to van der Vecht 1961:34).— As Sphex macula : Kohl in Dalla Torre 1897:430; Berland 1926:201.— As Priononyx macula : de Beaumont 1961:2; 1968:150.— As Prionyx macula : R. Bohart & Menke 1976:133; Guichard 1988:120; Kazenas 1998:114; 2001:15; 2002:29; Gadallah & Assery 2004:221; Roche 2007a:44; 2007b:3; Danilov 2010:44, 2012a:163; 2012b:61; Gadallah, Al Dhafer, Aldryhim, Fadl & Elgharbawy 2013:362; Ebrahimi 2014:21; Augul, Abdul-Rassoul & Kaddou 2015:116; Danilov 2019:78; Danilov & Odintsev 2023:433.

Sphex eatoni E. Saunders 1910:518 , ♀, ♂. Syntypes: “ Biskra ” [ Algeria: Biskra Province: Biskra] (OXUM). Tentatively synonymized with Priononyx (Harpactopus) macula by van der Vecht 1961:34, and with Sphex (Priononyx) macula by de Beaumont 1962:221.— Roth 1925:387; de Beaumont & Bytinski-Salz 1955:41; Leclercq, 1955:26; de Beaumont 1961:2.

Sphex lugens Kohl 1889:25 , ♀, ♂. Syntypes: „Araxes-Thal” [ Armenia: Arax River Valley: no specific locality] (NHMW). Synonymized with Sphex (Harpactopus) macula by W. Schulz 1911:164.— Kohl 1890:348; Dalla Torre 1897:430; Gussakovskij 1933:278; de Beaumont 1960:170.— As Sphex (Priononyx) lugens : de Beaumont 1968:150.— As Prionyx macula lugens : R. Bohart & Menke 1976:133; Dollfuss 1989:12; Kazenas 2001:15.

Full bibliography see: Pulawski 2024:21.

Diagnosis. Both sexes of P. macula closely resemble P. funebris in having the scutum with dense, appressed, silvery setae, concealing the integument, in having the labial palpomeres 2–4 short, and the male in having F3–F6 with broad placoids, and S6 angularly convex posterolaterally, but differ in having the vertex and pronotum with dense, appressed, silvery setae, and the wings dark to smoky ( P. funebris has the vertex and the pronotum without dense, appressed, silvery setae and in having the wings intensely dark with purple reflexes).

Description. Head. Labrum trapeziform; labial palpomeres 2–4 short, conspicuous. Mandible in basal ⅔ dark reddish. Clypeus except apical depression, paraocular area, frons and vertex with appressed, silvery setae; gena shiny, with black erect setae. Mesosoma . Pronotum moderately angulate laterodorsally with dense, appressed, silvery setae dorsally. Scutum with dense, appressed, silvery setae, concealing integument. Scutellum slightly longitudinally depressed, punctate and rugose. Metanotum tuberculate dorsally. Mesopleuron, metapleuron, and propodeum coarsely areolate-rugose. Wings dark to smoky; veins black; recurrent vein II of forewing interstitial with 1 st intersubmarginal vein or received by submarginal cell III at its basal angle. Legs. Claws with two ventral teeth; arolia present.

Male. Body length 19–24 mm. Head. Clypeus with wide V-shaped median emargination, glabrous and shiny anteriorly. F3–F6 with broad, flat placoids. Metasoma. S6 angularly convex posterolaterally, without teeth.

Female. Body length 26–36 mm. Head. Clypeus slightly emarginate anteriorly; clypeal disk moderately convex, with transverse oval depression anteriorly. Legs. Tarsal rake of foreleg with long, stout, bladelike and some short, hairlike setae.

Material examined. AZERBAIJAN. Baku [40°27’N, 49°48’E], 1911, collector unknown (1 ♀, ZISP) ; 7.VII.1960, L. Rzaeva (1 ♀, ZISP) ; 23.VII.1988, S. Storozhenko (1 ♀, SZMN) ; Nakhchivan [39°12’N, 45°24’E], collector unknown (1 ♀, ZISP) ; Ganja [formerly Yelisavetpol ] [40°40’N, 46°21’E], 11–28.VI.[year?], I. Babadjanidi (2 ♀, ZISP) . IRAN. Ardabil Province: Parsabad County, Owltan [39°36’N, 47°46’E], 30.VI.1927, Zapolsky (1 ♀, ZISP) ; 21.VI.1927, Bocharnikov (1 ♂, ZISP) ; Sistan and Baluchestan Province: Khash County, Karvandar [27°50’N, 60°46’E], 25.IV.1901, N. Zarudny (1 ♀, ZISP) ; Nik Shahr County, Shisheh Posht [26°49’N, 60°23’E], 8–9.IV.1901, N. Zarudny (1 ♂, ZISP) . KAZAKHSTAN. Kyzylorda Province: Aral District, Sapak [46°38’N, 61°46’E], 19.VI.1927, collector unknown (1 ♀, ZISP) ; Shieli District, near Baigekum [Djulek] [44°17’N, 66°24’E], 25.VI.1915, E. Pavlovsky (5 ♂, ZISP) . TAJIKISTAN. Khatlon Province: Qabodiyon [37°24’N, 68°11’E], 3.VII.1934, V. Gussakovskij (1 ♀, ZISP) ; Dusti District, Jilikul [37°29’N, 68°31’E], 13.VI.1934, V. Gussakovskij (1 ♀, ZISP) ; Dusti District, Jilikul [37°29’N, 68°31’E], 25.V.1931, N. Fursov (1 ♂, 1 ♀, ZISP) . TURKEY. Kars Province, no specific locality [40°30’N, 43°10’E], VIII.1911, K. Satunin (1 ♀, ZISP) . TURKMENISTAN. Ashgabat [37°57’N, 58°23’E], 6.VI.1924, collector unknown (1 ♀, ZISP) ; Ahal Province: Komarovsky near Ashgabat [37°45’N, 58°33’E], 25.VI.1928, V. Gussakovskij (1 ♂, ZISP) ; Mary Province: Imeni Chapayeva [formely Ymam Baba] [36°42’N, 62°27’E], Kuzjakin (1 ♂, ZISP) ; 1932, A. Shestakov (1 ♂, ZISP) ; 5.VI.1931, Frolova (2 ♂, ZISP) ; 18–20.VI.1925, V. Gussakovskij (1 ♂, ZISP) ; Sary-Yazi [36°27’N, 62°37’E], V.1913, K. Bil’kewitch (1 ♂, ZISP) . UZBEKISTAN. Kyzylkum Desert , no specific locality [42°30’N, 63°30’E], 1912, collector unknown (1 ♀, ZISP) ; Qashqadaryo Province: Qamashi District, Qamashi [38°49’N, 66°27’E], 29.VI.1931, A. Rodd (1 ♀, ZISP) .

Distribution. Arid and semi-arid areas from Central Asia to North Africa ( Afghanistan, Algeria, Armenia, Azerbaijan, Egypt, Iran, Iraq, Israel, Kazakhstan, Kuwait, Libya, Palestine, Saudi Arabia, Tajikistan, Tunisia, * Turkey, Turkmenistan, Uzbekistan).

Distribution note. The specimens from Kenya (Makindu) listed as Sphex eatoni by R. Turner 1912:413, belongs to Prionyx funebris Berland according to his description.

Figures

FIGURE 2. Female clypeus: a: Prionyx globosus (F. Smith), b: P. chobauti (Roth), c: P. funebris (Berland), d: P. macula (Fabricius).

FIGURE 4. Male antennae, scheme: a: Prionyx crudelis (F. Smith), P. indus (Linnaeus), P. zarudnyi (Gussakovskij), b: P. judaeus (de Beaumont), P. saevus (F. Smith), c: P. subfuscatus (Dahlbom), P. stschurowskii (Radoszkowski), d: P. funebris (Berland), P. macula (Fabricius), P. persicus (Mocsáry), P. radoszkowskyi (Kohl), e: P. melanotus (F. Morawitz), f: P. globosus (F. Smith).

FIGURE 5. Labial palpi: a: Prionyx persicus (Mocsáry), b: P. radoszkowskyi (Kohl), c: P. macula (Fabricius), d: P. funebris (Berland),e: P.zarudnyi(Gussakovskij), f: P.saevus(F.Smith),g:P.melanotus (F.Morawitz),h: P.stschurowskii(Radoszkowski), i: P. globosus (F. Smith).

FIGURE 6. Maxillary palpi: a: Prionyx persicus (Mocsáry), b: P. radoszkowskyi (Kohl), c: P. macula (Fabricius), d: P. funebris (Berland), e: P. zarudnyi (Gussakovskij), f: P. saevus (F. Smith), g: P. melanotus (F. Morawitz), h: P. stschurowskii (Radoszkowski), i: P. globosus (F. Smith).

FIGURE 7. Male S6: a: Prionyx persicus (Mocsáry), b: P. radoszkowskyi (Kohl), c: P. funebris (Berland), d: P. macula (Fabricius).

FIGURE 8. Female mesosoma and head in dorsal view: a: Prionyx chobauti (Roth), b: P. funebris (Berland), c: P. macula (Fabricius), d: P. crudelis (F. Smith), e: P. melanotus (F. Morawitz), f: Prionyx persicus (Mocsáry), g: P. radoszkowskyi (Kohl), h: P. stschurowskii (Radoszkowski), i: P. subfuscatus (Dahlbom).

FIGURE 9. Collecting localities (red circles) and literature data (blue circles); a: Prionyx chobauti (Roth), b: P. crudelis (F. Smith), c: P. funebris (Berland), d: P. globosus (F. Smith), e: P. indus (Linnaeus), f: P. judaeus (de Beaumont), g: P. macula (Fabricius), h: P. melanotus (F. Morawitz).

FIGURE 12. Habitus of some Harpactopus (females): a: Prionyx funebris (Berland), b: P. macula (Fabricius), c: P. melanotus (F. Morawitz), d: P. stschurowskii (Radoszkowski).