Schendylops oligopus

Pereira, Luis Alberto, 2013, Discovery Of A Second Geophilomorph Species (Myriapoda: Chilopoda) Having Twenty-Seven Leg-Bearing Segments, The Lowest Number Recorded Up To The Present In The Centipede Order Geophilomorpha, Papéis Avulsos de Zoologia (São Paulo) 53 (13), pp. 163-185 : 163-185

Schendylops oligopus

( Pereira, Minelli & Barbieri, 1995)

( Figs. 61-81 )

Schendylurus oligopus Pereira, Minelli & Barbieri, 1995: 325 , 345-347.

Schendylurus oligopus : Adis, Minelli, de Morais, Pereira, Barbieri & Rodrigues, 1996: 168, 169; Pereira, Ituarte & Tassara, 2004: 5; Foddai & Minelli, 1999: 277.

Schendylops oligopus : Hoffman & Pereira 1997: 21; Morrone & Pereira 1999: 167, 170; Minelli, Foddai, Pereira & Lewis 2000: 104; Foddai, Pereira & Minelli, 2000: 142, 182; Pereira, Foddai & Minelli, 2002: 59; Foddai, Minelli & Pereira, 2002: 459, 463, 473; Adis, Foddai, Golovatch, Hoffman, Minelli, de Morais, Pereira, Scheller, Schileyco & Würmli, 2002: 18; Foddai, Bonato, Pereira & Minelli, 2003: 1263; Foddai, Pereira & Minelli, 2004: 272, 279; Bonato & Minelli, 2008: 253; Pereira, 2009: 186, 205; 2011: 321.

Diagnosis: A Neotropical species of Schendylops without pore-field on sternite of the first leg-bearing segment; pore-fields present on anterior region of the body only; all pore-fields undivided; a.a. IV similar in length to the contiguous a.a.; medial edge of forcipular trochanteroprefemur unarmed.

Among the Neotropical species of the genus sharing these five combined traits, S. oligopus is morphologically very similar to S. ramirezi sp. nov. with which it shares the lowest segment numbers in the genus Schendylops , and a very small body size. S. oligopus can be differentiated from S. ramirezi by means of the following selected traits (those for the latter are given in parentheses): male with 27 or 29 leg-bearing segments, female with 31 (male with 27 leg-bearing segments, female with 29); body length up to 10 mm (body length up to 7 mm); clypeus with an anterior middle area with areolation smaller than the remaining clypeal surface, Fig. 62 (clypeus without a clypeal area, Fig. 47 ); coxosternite of first maxillae devoid of setae, Fig. 65 (coxosternite of first maxillae with 1+1 setae, Fig. 51 ); coxosternite of second maxillae without a seta on the middle, Fig. 65 (coxosternite of second maxillae bearing a large seta on the middle, Fig. 51 : a); single pore-fields not accompanied at the anterior sides by additional pores, Figs. 67-73 (single pore-fields accompanied at the anterior sides by a few additional pores, Figs. 28-41 ); pretarsus of ultimate legs as a very small tubercle with two apical spines, Fig. 75 (pretarsus of ultimate legs as a very small tubercle with a single apical spine, Figs. 44, 45 ).

Other morphological traits included in Table 1 differentiate S. oligopus from S. ramirezi .

New material examined: Brazil: Amazonas: 02°30’S, 60°10’W (terra firme, campinarana, primary white-sand forest), 17 August 1988, J. Adis et al., leg.: 2 males (with tubula seminifera full of mature spermatozoa), 29 l. -b.s., b.l. 8 mm; 1 juvenile female (with 2+2 coxal organs), 31 l. -b.s., b.l., 5 mm (specimen “A”) ( MLP) . Brazil: Amazonas: 02°34’S, 60°06W, capoeira, burned secondary upland forest, 06 October 1990, M.O. de A. Ribeiro leg.: 1 female with the two spermathecae full of spermatozoa and with mature ova, 31 l. -b.s., b.l. 8 mm; 1 male with tubula seminifera full of mature spermatozoa, 29 l. -b.s., b.l. 7.5 mm ( MLP) . Same locality and collector, 09 October 1990: 4 males with tubula seminifera full of mature spermatozoa, 29 l. -b.s., b.l. 7.5 mm (specimen “A”), 7.5, 8, and 8 mm; 3 females with the two spermathecae full of spermatozoa and with mature ova, 31 l. -b.s., b.l. 8, 9 and 9 mm; 1 female with mature ova 31 l. -b.s., b.l. 7 mm; 1 female with the two spermathecae full of spermatozoa, 31 l. -b.s., b.l. 10 mm; 1 female subadult, 31 l. -b.s., b.l. 7 mm; 1 female juvenile, 31 l. -b.s., b.l. 6 mm; 4 juvenile females with 1+1 coxal organs only, 31 l. -b.s., b.l. 4, 4, 4 and 4 mm; 1 male juvenile with 1+1 coxal organs only, 29 l. -b.s., b.l. 4 mm ( MLP) . Same locality and collector, 03 January 1991: 1 male (with tubula seminifera full of mature spermatozoa), 29 l. -b.s., b.l., 8 mm ( MLP) .

Remarks: The localities of 02°30’S, 60°10’W (terra firme, campinarana white-sand forest), and 02°34’S, 60°06W, capoeira, burned secondary upland forest (both in Brazil: Amazonas State), are new for the geographic distribution of S. oligopus .

The following additional morphological information can be given based on the female holotype (described by Pereira et al., 1995), and the new specimens hereby examined.

Female holotype: length of Cephalic plate: ca. 0.30 mm; width of forcipular coxosternite ca. 0.28 mm. Antennae: ratio of width of a.a. II /width of a.a. XIV, ca. 1.07: 1; ratio of length/width of a.a. XIV ca. 1.63: 1. Ultimate leg-bearing segment: ratio of length/width of sternite ca. 0.78: 1; ratio of length/width of tergite ca. 0.74: 1. Ultimate legs: ratio of length of telopodites/length of sternite ca. 3.72: 1; ratio of width of tibia/width of tarsus I ca. 1.33: 1; tarsus II longer than tarsus I in the proportion ca. 1.34: 1.

Male (Specimen “A” cited above): Ultimate leg-bearing segment: ratio of length/width of sternite ca. 0.68: 1; ratio of length/width of tergite ca. 0.65: 1. Ultimate legs: ratio of length of telopodites/length of sternite ca. 3.14: 1; ratio of width of tibia/width of tarsus I ca. 1.33: 1; tarsus II longer than tarsus I in the proportion ca. 1.34: 1.

Postpedal segments: with shape as in Fig. 80 . Penis dorsally with 1+1 apical setae ( Fig. 81 ).

Post embryonic variation of coxal organs: the female juvenile individualized above as “Specimen A” has the anterior coxal organs incompletely developed, being much smaller than the posterior organs ( Fig. 77 : a). (Shape of coxal organs in adult specimens as shown in Fig. 76 ).

Variation: females with 31 leg-bearing segments, males with 27 or 29 leg-bearing segments. Penis with 0+1 or 1+1 apical setae.

The maximum body length recorded up to the present was 9.5 mm for the females and 7 mm for the males; from the new material cited above, it is now 10 mm and 8 mm respectively.

Type locality: Brazil: Amazonas: Reserva Florestal A. Ducke.

Known range: Brazil: Amazonas: Reserva Florestal A. Ducke (02°55’S, 59°59’W); Distrito Agropecuario Rio Suframa (J) (03°34S, 60°60’W) ; 02°30’S, 60°10’W (terra firme, campinarana white-sand forest) ; 02°34’S, 60°06W, capoeira, burned secondary upland forest.

Figures

FIGURES 61‑66: Schendylops oligopus (Pereira, Minelli & Barbieri, 1995) (female holotype; Brazil: Amazonas: Reserva Florestal A. Ducke): (61) Clypeus and bases of antennae; (62) Clypeal area; (63) Labrum; (64) Dentate lamella of mandible; (65) First and second maxillae, ventral; (66) Duct and calyx of poison gland in left forcipular telopodite, ventral. (After Pereira et al., 1995). Scale bars: 0.02 mm (64); 0.05 mm (62, 63, 66); 0.1 mm (65); 0.2 mm (61).

FIGURES 67‑76: Schendylops oligopus (Pereira, Minelli & Barbieri, 1995) (female holotype; Brazil: Amazonas:Reserva Florestal A. Ducke): (67) Sternite 2; (68) Sternite 3; (69) Sternite 5; (70) Sternite 7; (71) Sternite 9; (72) Sternite 12; (73) Sternite 13; (74) Ultimate legbearing segment and postpedal segments, ventral; (75) Detail of distal end of last podomere of left ultimate leg, ventral; (76) Right coxal organs, ventral. (After Pereira et al., 1995). Scale bars: 0.02 mm (75); 0.05 mm (76); 0.1 mm (67-74).

FIGURES 77‑81: (77): Schendylops oligopus (Pereira, Minelli & Barbieri, 1995) (female juvenile, specimen A; Brazil: Amazonas: 02°30’S, 60°10’W (campinarana)): Detail of coxal organs (a: anterior organs incompletely developed). (78-81): Schendylops oligopus (Pereira, Minelli & Barbieri, 1995) (male, specimen A; Brazil: Amazonas: 02°34’S, 60°06’W (capoeira)): (78) Ultimate leg-bearing segment and postpedal segments, ventral; (79) Gonopods, ventral; (80) Detail of postpedal segments, ventral; (81) Penis, dorsal. Scale bars: 0.05 mm (79-81); 0.1 mm (77); 0.2 mm (78).

FIGURES 46‑55: (46): Schendylops ramirezi sp.nov., (female holotype; Brazil:RJ: Ilha Grande):Right coxal organs,ventral.(47-55): Schendylops ramirezi sp. nov., (female paratype D; Brazil: RJ: Ilha Grande): (47) Clypeus and bases of antennae; (48) Labrum; (49) Right mandible, dorsal; (50) Detail of dentate lamella of right mandible, dorsal; (51) First and second maxillae, ventral (a: large middle seta); (52) First maxillae, dorsal; (53) Claw of right telopodite of second maxillae, ventral; (54) Claw of right telopodite of second maxillae, dorsal; (55) Claw of left telopodite of second maxillae, dorsal. Scale bars: 0.02 mm (49, 50); 0.03 mm (53-55); 0.05 mm (48, 52); 0.1 mm (46, 51); 0.2 mm (47).

FIGURES 27‑35: Schendylops ramirezi sp. nov., (female holotype; Brazil: RJ: Ilha Grande): (27) Leg-bearing segments 25-26, ventral (a: spermathecae); (28) Sternite 2; (29) Sternite 3; (30) Sternite 4; (31) Sternite 5; (32) Sternite 6; (33) Sternite 7; (34) Sternite 8; (35) Sternite 9. Scale bars: 0.1 mm (28-35); 0.2 mm (27).

FIGURES 36‑41: Schendylops ramirezi sp. nov., (female holotype; Brazil: RJ: Ilha Grande): (36) Sternite 10; (37) Sternite 11; (38) Sternite 12; (39) Sternite 13; (40) Sternite 14; (41) Sternite 15. Scale bar: 0.1 mm.

FIGURES 42‑45: Schendylops ramirezi sp. nov., (female holotype; Brazil: RJ: Ilha Grande): (42) Penultimate and ultimate leg-bearing segments, and postpedal segments, ventral; (43) Penultimate and ultimate leg-bearing segments, and postpedal segments, dorsal; (44) Detail of distal end of last podomere of left ultimate leg, ventral; (45) Detail of distal end of last podomere of right ultimate leg, ventral. Scale bars 0.02 mm (44, 45); 0.2 mm (42, 43).