Cixiidae, Spinola, 1839
publication ID |
https://doi.org/ 10.37520/aemnp.2023.022 |
publication LSID |
lsid:zoobank.org:pub:0F5B4376-B52A-4D89-ACB2-E6B8368FC2C3 |
persistent identifier |
https://treatment.plazi.org/id/7E3CD25A-7123-FF88-9082-11D4FBE5FA17 |
treatment provided by |
Felipe |
scientific name |
Cixiidae |
status |
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Key to the Cixiidae View in CoL View at ENA tribes in Australia
The phylogeny of the Cixiidae and the internal classification into subfamilies and tribes is still not clear. The “traditional” classification as presented by EMELJANOV (2002) and HOLZINGER et al. (2002) has been questioned by several authors (e.g. CEOTTO & BOURGOIN 2008, CEOTTO et al. 2008, LUO et al. 2021), but no satisfactory phylogeny has yet been generated using contemporary methods. We maintain the traditional classification until an accepted modern phylogeny is completed. The only subfamily of Cixiidae known from Australia is Cixiinae with nine tribes, see Table 1 for recent revisions and notes on Australian tribes. An updated key to these tribes, based on the key first presented by LÖCKER & FLETCHER (2006 and updates), is provided here.
1 Vertex very broad (width more than 3× its median length). Pronotum expanded laterally, with a circular, inflated area on each side ( Fig. 8C View Fig ). Hind tibia usually with 7 or more apical spines. .................................... Cajetini
– Vertex narrower, often as long as broad or longer than broad ( Fig. 2C View Fig ). Pronotum usually not expanded laterally, never with inflated circular areas. Hind tibia usually with 5–6 apical spines ( Fig. 1F View Fig ) (rarely with 7). ... ..................................................................................... 2
2(1) Forewing with tubercles both in cells and along veins ( Fig. 8A View Fig ). Mesonotum usually with five longitudinal carinae. .................................................... Mnemosynini
– Forewingwithtuberclesonlyalongveins ( Fig.8B View Fig ).Mesonotum with three or five longitudinal carinae. .............. 3
3(2) Median carina of frons forked ( Figs 8E, G View Fig ). Mesonotum with three to five longitudinal carinae. .............. 4
– Median carina of frons unforked ( Figs 2D View Fig , 5C–D View Fig , 9E View Fig ). Mesonotum with three longitudinal carinae ( Fig. 2C View Fig ). ... 5
4(3) Median longitudinal carina of frons bifurcated for less than half of length of frons ( Fig. 8E View Fig ). Pterostigma distinct and long, at least as long as basal cell ( Fig. 8D View Fig ). ........... .................................................................. Pentastirini
– Median longitudinal carina of frons bifurcated for more than half of length of frons ( Fig. 8G View Fig ). Pterostigma absent or, if present, indistinct and shorter than basal cell ( Fig. 8F View Fig ). ....................................................................... Cixiini (part): Aka White, 1879 View in CoL and Yanganaka Löcker, 2015 View in CoL
5(3) Median ocellus of frons present ( Fig. 9E View Fig ) and/or pedicel of antenna at least three times longer than its diameter ( Fig. 8H View Fig ). ........................................................ 6
– Median ocellus of frons absent ( Figs 2D View Fig , 8G View Fig ) and pedicel of antenna not longer than twice its diameter ( Fig. 8I View Fig ). ......................................................................... 7
6(5) Forewing with ScP+RA, RP and MP (sensu BOURGO- IN et al. 2014; Sc, R and M in previous terminology, as in LÖCKER et al. 2007) arising separately from a single common point on the basal cell (or forming a minute common stem up to 3× the diameter of a tubercle) ( Fig. 9A View Fig ). ..................................................................... Andini
– Forewing with ScP+RA, RP (and sometimes also MP) forming a short or long common stem (at least 6× the diameter of a tubercle) ( Fig. 9B View Fig ). ...................... Brixiini
7(5) Coxa of fore leg with a distinct denticle on its distal part ( Figs 1G, H View Fig ). ............................................. Oecleini
– Coxa of fore leg without distal denticle ( Fig. 1I View Fig ). ........ 8
8(7) Apex of head with a single transverse carina ( Fig. 9F View Fig ). ................................................................................. 9
– Apex of head with two transverse carinae ( Fig. 9G View Fig ). ..... ................................................................................... 10
9(8) Second hind tarsomere with 5 or more platellae ( Fig. 9C View Fig ). ..................................................... Gelastocephalini
– Second hind tarsomere with 3 or fewer platellae or very fine setae ( Fig. 9D View Fig ). ............................ Eucarpiini (part)
10(8) Vertex longer than wide ( Fig. 1A View Fig ) and hind tibia with 5 apical spines. .................................... Eucarpiini (part)
– Vertex wider than long (or, if longer than wide, hind tibia with 6 or more apical spines). .................. Cixiini (part): Calamister Kirkaldy, 1906 View in CoL , Leptolamia Metcalf, 1936 View in CoL , Chidaea Emeljanov, 2000 View in CoL , Tyligma Löcker & Holzinger 2020 View in CoL , Yamirrina Löcker, 2020 View in CoL , Leades Jacobi, 1928 View in CoL , Latissima Löcker, 2020 , and Monomalpha Emeljanov, 2000 View in CoL .
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