Muntiacus muntjak (Zimmermann 1780)

Wilson, Don E. & Reeder, DeeAnn, 2005, Order Artiodactyla, Mammal Species of the World: a Taxonomic and Geographic Reference (3 rd Edition), Volume 1, Baltimore: The Johns Hopkins University Press, pp. 637-722 : 666

Muntiacus muntjak (Zimmermann 1780)

[Cervus] muntjak Zimmermann 1780 , Geogr. Gesch. Mensch. Vierf. Thiere, 2: 131.

Type Locality: Indonesia, " Java ".

Vernacular Names: Red Muntjac.

Subspecies: :

Subspecies Muntiacus muntjak subsp. muntjak Zimmermann 1780

Subspecies Muntiacus muntjak subsp. annamensis Kloss 1928

Subspecies Muntiacus muntjak subsp. aureus C. H. Smith 1826

Subspecies Muntiacus muntjak subsp. curvostylis Gray 1872

Subspecies Muntiacus muntjak subsp. guangdongensis Li and Xu 1996

Subspecies Muntiacus muntjak subsp. malabaricus Lydekker 1915

Subspecies Muntiacus muntjak subsp. menglalis Wang and Groves 1988

Subspecies Muntiacus muntjak subsp. montanus Robinson and Kloss 1918

Subspecies Muntiacus muntjak subsp. nigripes G. M. Allen 1930

Subspecies Muntiacus muntjak subsp. vaginalis Boddaert 1785

Subspecies Muntiacus muntjak subsp. yunnanensis Ma and Wang 1988

Distribution: Bangladesh, Bhutan, Burma, Cambodia, S China (S Tibet and Yunnan to Guangdong), India, Laos, peninsular Malaya, Nepal, NE Pakistan, Sri Lanka, Vietnam, and Sunda Isls (Sumatra, Borneo, Java, Bali, Lombok, and many smaller Indonesian islands).

Conservation: IUCN – Lower Risk (lc).

Discussion: Includes pleiharicus , listed as a distinct species by Chasen (1940:203), and vaginalis. Haltenorth (1963:40) included reevesi , feae , rooseveltorum and crinifrons . Distinctive differences in karyotype between single peninsular Malayan specimen (2N = 8) and other mainland populations (2n = 6 or 7) suggest possible division between Malesian and Continental semispecies ( Groves and Grubb, 1987). Groves (2003) treated the Continental vaginalis (including subspecies aureus, malabaricus and others) as a species separate from muntjak .