Glyptapanteles scottmilleri Arias-Penna, sp. nov.

Arias-Penna, Diana Carolina, Whitfield, James B., Janzen, Daniel H., Winifred Hallwachs,, Dyer, Lee A., Smith, M. Alex, Hebert, Paul D. N. & Fernandez-Triana, Jose L., 2019, A species-level taxonomic review and host associations of Glyptapanteles (Hymenoptera, Braconidae, Microgastrinae) with an emphasis on 136 new reared species from Costa Rica and Ecuador, ZooKeys 890, pp. 1-685 : 1

Glyptapanteles scottmilleri Arias-Penna, sp. nov. Figs 197 , 198

Female.

Body length 2.12 mm, antenna length 2.48 mm, fore wing length 2.15 mm.

Type material.

Holotype: COSTA RICA • 1♀; 10-SRNP-72490, DHJPAR0040428; Área de Conservación Guanacaste, Guanacaste, Sector Pitilla, Estacion Quica ; rain forest; 470 m; 10.99697, -85.39666; 29.vii.2010; Ricardo Calero leg.; caterpillar collected in fifth instar; cocoons adhered to the leaf substrate and formed on 31.vii.2010; adult parasitoids emerged on 06.viii.2010; ( CNC) . Paratypes. • 6 (1♀, 2♂) (3♀, 0 ♂); 10-SRNP-72490, DHJPAR0040428; same data as for holotype; ( CNC) .

Diagnosis.

Propleuron with fine punctation throughout, dorsal carina delimiting a dorsal furrow present ( Figs 197C, I , 198A, D ), distal antennal flagellomere longer than penultimate, mesoscutum proximally distinctly punctate, distally with a polished area ( Figs 197E , 198B ), median area on T2 broader than long, lateral grooves delimiting the median area distally losing definition ( Figs 197G, H , 198F ), propodeal spiracle distally framed by a short concave carina ( Figs 197F , 198C ), scutellum in profile convex and slightly higher than mesoscutum, and fore wing with 2RS convex, outer side of junction of r and 2RS veins not forming a stub ( Fig. 198G ).

Coloration

( Fig. 197 A–J ). General body coloration black except scape and pedicel yellow; first three proximal antennal flagellomeres dorsally lighter (light brown) than ventrally (dark brown), remaining flagellomeres dark brown on both sides; glossa, maxillary and labial palps pale yellow/ivory; tegulae light brown. Eyes and ocelli silver. Fore and middle legs yellow except light brown coxae and brown claws; hind legs brown except trochanters, trochantellus, proximal 2/3 of femora, distal 1/3 of tibiae, both tibial spurs and proximally basitarsus with a narrow yellow band. Petiole on T1 reddish/yellow-brown, contours darkened and sublateral areas yellow; T2 with median (sometimes hard to see without correct position of light) and adjacent areas brown both forming a rectangle-shaped area, and lateral ends yellow; T3 medially brown forming an inverted triangle which width coinciding proximally with dark area on T2, remaining area yellow; T4 and beyond brown; distally each tergum with a narrow hyaline band. In lateral view, T1-2 yellow; T3 yellow, but dorsodistal corners brown; T4 and beyond brown. S1-3 yellow; S4 proximal half yellow, distal half brown; penultimate sternum and hypopygium brown.

Description.

Head ( Fig. 197 A–D ). Head rounded with pubescence long and dense. Proximal three antennal flagellomeres longer than wide (0.17:0.06, 0.18:0.06, 0.17:0.06), distal antennal flagellomere longer than penultimate (0.12:0.05, 0.09:0.05), antenna longer than body (2.48, 2.12); antennal scrobes-frons shallow. Face flat or nearly so, with dense fine punctations, interspaces smooth and longitudinal median carina present. Frons smooth. Temple wide, punctate and interspaces clearly smooth. Inner margin of eyes diverging slightly at antennal sockets; in lateral view, eye anteriorly convex and posteriorly straight. POL subequal in length with OOL (0.09, 0.10). Malar suture present. Median area between lateral ocelli slightly depressed. Vertex laterally pointed or nearly so and dorsally wide.

Mesosoma ( Fig. 197A, E, F, I ). Mesosoma dorsoventrally convex. Mesoscutum proximally convex and distally flat, punctation distinct proximally with polished area distally, interspaces smooth. Scutellum triangular, apex sloped and fused with BS, scutellar punctation distinct throughout, in profile scutellum convex and slightly higher than mesoscutum, phragma of the scutellum partially exposed; BS only very partially overlapping the MPM; ATS demilune with short stubs delineating the area; dorsal ATS groove smooth. Transscutal articulation with small and heterogeneous foveae, area just behind transscutal articulation nearly at the same level as mesoscutum (flat), smooth and shiny. Metanotum with BM upward; MPM circular without median longitudinal carina; AFM with a small lobe and not as well delineated as PFM; PFM thick, smooth and with lateral ends rounded; ATM proximally with a groove with some sculpturing and distally smooth. Propodeum relatively polished without median longitudinal carina, proximal half weakly curved; distal edge of propodeum with a flange at each side and without stubs; propodeal spiracle distally framed by a short concave carina; nucha surrounded by very short radiating carinae. Pronotum with a distinct dorsal furrow, dorsally with a well-defined smooth band; central area of pronotum smooth, but both dorsal and ventral furrows with short parallel carinae. Propleuron with fine punctations throughout and dorsally with a carina. Metasternum convex. Contour of mesopleuron convex; precoxal groove deep with faintly lineate sculpture; epicnemial ridge convex, teardrop-shaped.

Legs. Ventral margin of fore telotarsus slightly excavated and with a tiny curved seta, fore telotarsus almost same width throughout and longer than fourth tarsomere (0.10, 0.05). Hind coxa with punctation only on dorsal surface, dorsal outer depression present. Inner spur of hind tibia longer than outer spur (0.20, 0.15), entire surface of hind tibia with dense strong spines clearly differentiated by color and length. Hind telotarsus as equal in length as fourth tarsomere (0.10, 0.09).

Wings ( Fig. 198G, H ). Fore wing with r vein slightly curved; 2RS vein slightly convex to convex; r and 2RS veins forming a weak, even curve at their junction and outer side of junction not forming a stub; 2M vein slightly curved/swollen; distally fore wing [where spectral veins are] with microtrichiae more densely concentrated than the rest of the wing; anal cell 1/3 proximally lacking microtrichiae; subbasal cell with microtrichiae virtually throughout; vein 2CUa absent and vein 2CUb spectral; vein 2 cu-a absent; vein 2-1A present only proximally as tubular vein; tubular vein 1 cu-a curved, incomplete/broken and not reaching the edge of 1-1A vein. Hind wing with vannal lobe narrow, subdistally straightened and subproximally concave, and setae evenly scattered in the margin.

Metasoma ( Fig. 197A, G, H, J ). Metasoma laterally compressed. Petiole on T1 completely smooth and polished with faint, satin-like sheen, virtually parallel-sided over most of length, but narrowing over distal 1/3 (length 0.30, maximum width 0.19, minimum width 0.07), and with scattered pubescence concentrated in the first distal third. Lateral grooves delimiting the median area on T2 distally losing definition (length median area 0.10, length T2 0.12), edges of median area polished and lateral grooves deep, median area broader than long (length 0.10, maximum width 0.21, minimum width 0.05); T2 with scattered pubescence only distally. T3 longer than T2 (0.19, 0.12) and with scattered pubescence throughout. Pubescence on hypopygium dense.

Cocoons. White or beige oval cocoons with ordered silk fibers, but covered by a net. Cocoons adhered to the leaf substrate.

Comments.

In some females, the labrum and the mandibles are yellow-brown.

Male

s ( Fig. 198 A–H ). Coloration similar to females; however, some specimens, as well as some females, have the mandibles yellow-brown. The coloration on T3 is a somewhat different, the inverted brown triangle is not so evident.

Etymology.

Scott E. Miller is very interested in tropical biology, and the role of biodiversity information in understanding and managing the related issues of tropical deforestation, climate change, invasive species, loss of biological diversity, and the resultant biological, economic, and political consequences. Currently, he is the curator of Lepidoptera at Smithsonian Institute, National Museum of Natural History, Washington, D.C., USA.

Distribution.

The parasitized caterpillar was collected in Costa Rica, ACG, Sector Pitilla ( Estación Quica), during July 2010 at 470 m in rain forest.

Biology.

The lifestyle of this parasitoid species is gregarious.

Host.

Metalectra sp. Hübner ( Noctuidae : Boletobiinae) feeding on epiphytic microplants. Caterpillar was collected in fifth instar.

Figures

Figure 197. Glyptapanteles scottmilleri sp. nov. female 10 - SRNP- 72490 DHJPAR 0040428 A Habitus B, D Head B Frontal view D Dorsal view C Head, pronotum, propleuron, lateral view E Mesonotum, dorsal view F Scutellum, metanotum, propodeum, dorsal view G T 1 - 3, dorsal view H, J Metasoma H Dorsal view J Lateral view I Mesosoma, lateral view.

Figure 198. Glyptapanteles scottmilleri sp. nov. male 10 - SRNP- 72490 DHJPAR 0040428 A Habitus B Mesonotum, dorsal view C Scutellum, metanotum, propodeum, dorsal view D Mesosoma, lateral view E, F Metasoma E Lateral view F Dorsal view G, H Wings G Fore H Hind.