Syntozyga apicispinata Yang & Yu, 2021

Yang, Wenxu, Dong, Ruiqin, Song, Xueling & Yu, Haili, 2021, The genus Syntozyga Lower (Lepidoptera, Tortricidae) in China, with descriptions of two new species, ZooKeys 1028, pp. 95-111 : 95

Syntozyga apicispinata Yang & Yu sp. nov. (Figs 2 , 6 , 10b)

Type material.

Holotype: China, Tibet: Motuo County, Bengbeixiang, 29°24'N, 95°17'E, alt. 990 m, 12 Aug. 2017, leg. Mujie Qi and Xiaofei Yang, genitalia slide no. YWX18246. Paratypes: China, Tibet: 6♂, same data as holotype; 2♂, same data as holotype except 29°25'N, 95°18'E, alt. 810 m, 15 Aug. 2017; 3♂; same data as holotype except alt. 750 m, 31 Jul.-1 Aug. 2018, leg. Mujie Qi; Yunnan Prov.: 1♂, Xishuangbanna, Guanping, 22°46'N, 100°59'E, alt. 1200 m, 18 Aug. 2005, leg. Yingdang Ren; 1♂, Xishuangbanna, Yexianggu, 22°10'N, 100°52'E, alt. 760 m, 11 Jul. 2015, leg. Kaijian Teng and Xia Bai; 1♂, Mengla, Bubeng, 21°36'N, 101°35'E, alt. 650 m, 31 Jul. 2020, leg. Yongyan Li and Wenxu Yang.

BOLD voucher no.

TORTR001-20, TORTR008-20, TORTR009-20, TORTR010-20, TORTR011-20.

Diagnosis.

Externally, S. apicispinata is similar to S. spirographa (Diakonoff, 1968) and S. similispirographa , but the relatively paler striae derived from the costal strigulae and the brown or pale brown hindwing can be used to separate it from the latter two species. The male genitalia of S. apicispinata are very different from those of S. spirographa and S. similispirographa. It can be best distinguished by a distally broad, ovate valva, a finger-like prominence on costa, the absence of a cluster of long spines on apex of sacculus, the presence of a cluster of short spines below apex of cucullus and a stout phallus with minute cornuti apically. Within the genus, this species resembles S. episema (Diakonoff, 1973) from Java and Sumba in the male genitalia, but it can be separated from S. episema by the valva with its ventral edge not concave in the middle and without long thorns, a sacculus with a sharp, triangular prominence on ventral margin of basal excavation, and a cucullus bearing a cluster of short spines below apex. In S. episema , the ventral edge of the valva is concave medially and is densely set with several long thorns, there is no prominence on the ventral margin of the basal excavation and the apical part of cucullus has no prominent spine clusters. Syntozyga apicispinata also resembles S. negligens (Diakonoff, 1973) from Java and Sulawesi in the male genitalia, but it can be distinguished from the latter species by the valva with its apical part broader than its basal part and having a sharp triangular prominence on the ventral margin of the basal excavation. In S. negligens , the apical part of the valva is narrower than its basal part, and there is no projection from the ventral margin of the basal excavation.

Description.

Male (Fig. 6 ). Forewing length 5.5-6.5 mm. Head (Fig. 2 ): ocellus well developed; chaetosemata present. Frons smooth, creamy white; vertex roughly scaled, creamy. Antenna with scape creamy, flagellum dark brown, dusted with pale brown distally. Labial palpus porrect, creamy suffused with pale brown, median segment expanded slightly, terminal segment 1/2 times of median segment in length, brown apically.

Thorax: creamy, dusted with brown and dark brown medially; posterior crest distinct. Collar creamy. Tegula dark brown basally and creamy suffused pale brownish yellow distally. Hind tibia not expanded, without hair pencil in male. Forewing elongate subrectangular, costa evenly arched, apex blunt, termen oblique; upperside general ground color creamy, with markings dark brown and dusted with pale brownish yellow; costal strigulae creamy white, the fifth and sixth pairs suffused with gray brown; basal fascia broken into two parts, a small blotch on costa and an obliquely arched streak extending to inner margin of wing; subbasal fascia consisting of three parts, an oblique blotch on costa, an irregular blotch between upper edge of cell and 1A+2A, and an indistinct spot or shadow on base of dorsum; a discontinuous pale streak present between pairs of strigulae three and four, extending to dorsum; media fascia broken medially, anterior half fused with costal part of postmedian fascia forming a conspicuous subtriangular patch on costa, extending to midwing, lower part present between midwing and distal half of dorsum, indistinct and intricate, confluent with the surrounding spots and pretornal patch; postmedian fascia obliquely arched, indistinct between 2/3 length of R2 and midlength of R5, lower part elongate, extending to termen between M2 and CuA1; a short line present on costa between strigulae seven and eight; preterminal fascia and terminal fascia as two elongate streaks confluent to termen; cilia pale brown fixed with dark brown and creamy; underside yellowish brown to brown. Hindwing subtriangular, brown; cilia pale brown; underside pale brown.

Abdomen: male genitalia (Fig. 10 ): tegumen low, with ear-like shoulders laterally and a moderately broad, rounded triangular top with some hairs; vinculum a sclerotized band, strong, somewhat W-shaped; uncus absent; socii strongly vestigial, indicated by a narrow patch of sparse spines on ventrodistal margin of tegumen; gnathos a weakly sclerotized band; valva broad, oval, costa with a folded ridge from the base to the apex, a short finger-like prominence protruding from the middle of the ridge bearing long thorns basally and apically, basal excavation large, sacculus narrow with three sclerotized, naked lobes (Fig. 10a ): one small subtriangular sitting on the ventral margin of the basal excavation medially, the other two large, rounded, occupying the distal half of the sacculus, positioned right next to each other, the inner one with its edge smooth, the outer one with its edge serrated; a patch of thin, short bristles present beyond the basal excavation; cucullus membranous, roughly as long as basal part of valva, broadly rounded, with bristles along margin, a short conspicuous lobe proximal to apical margin, carrying a dense cluster of spines; phallus short and stout, with tiny spiny cornuti apically (Fig. 10b ).

Female unknown.

Etymology.

The specific name is derived from the Latin prefix apici - (= apical) and the adjective spinatus (= spiny), indicating the apical spine cluster of the valva.

Figures

Figures 1 - 4. Heads of Syntozyga 1 S. pedias, Hainan (male) 2 S. apicispinata sp. nov., Tibet (male holotype) 3 S. spirographa, Hainan (male) 4 S. similispirographa sp. nov., Yunnan (male holotype). Scale bars: 0.5 mm.

Figures 5 - 8. Adults of Syntozyga 5 S. pedias, Hainan (male) 6 S. apicispinata sp. nov., Tibet (male holotype) 7 S. spirographa, Hainan (male) 7 a termen of hindwing 8 S. similispirographa sp. nov., Yunnan (male holotype) 8 a termen of hindwing. Scale bars: 1.5 mm.

Figures 9 - 12. Male genitalia of Syntozyga 9 S. pedias, Hainan, slide no. YHL 07156 10 S. apicispinata sp. nov. (holotype), Tibet, slide no. LYY 18320 10 a naked lobes 10 b cornuti 11 S. spirographa, Hainan, slide no. LKL 15037 12 S. similispirographa sp. nov. (paratype), Yunnan, slide no. YWX 18337 12 a naked lobe. Scale bars: 0.5 mm.