Stenostomum glandulosum Kepner and Carter, 1931

Reyes, Jhoe, Binow, Daniela, Vianna, Rogério T., Brusa, Francisco & Martins, Samantha E., 2021, Fig. 12. Majella pristis n in Periclimenaeus djiboutensis Bruce 1970, Zoological Studies 60 (22), pp. 1-33 : 6

Stenostomum glandulosum Kepner and Carter, 1931 ( Fig. 2E, F )

Studied material: Five whole-mounted individuals studied alive.

Localities: Site 2 (30/11/2018), associated with phytal microhabitat.

Description: Specimens of 586.7 ± 71.3 μm (521.9–681 μm; n = 5) long, bear two zooids. The first zooid is 381.8 ± 49.4 μm (348.3–468.1 μm; n = 5) long. With large superficial lateral ciliated pits of 39.3 ± 6.4 μm (32.2–47.8 μm; n = 4) long. Anterior brain lobe divided into metameric masses with three pairs of plate-like light-refracting bodies ( Fig. 2E, F ). Rounded mouth with several club-shaped pharyngeal glands on the margin. Pharynx 66.4 ± 13.7 μm (54.4–86.8 μm; n = 5) in length, tube-shaped, with several pharyngeal glands. Intestine with excretophores and is extended up to the caudal end. Longitudinal excretory channels extending from the anterior to the posterior region of the body ( Fig. 2F ).

Taxonomic remarks: The specimens found here agree well with the descriptions made by Kepner and Carter (1931), and Nuttycombe and Waters (1938). However, our individuals are smaller than those described by Marcus (1945b) (first zooid: 600–800 μm; 16 zooids: 1200 μm), Kolasa and Young (1974b) (first zooid: 400 μm; three zoids: 1100 μm), but longer than those described by Kolasa and Young (1974a) (first zooid: 370 μm; two zooids: 900 μm). The most remarkable feature of this species are the light-refracting bodies. Here, the specimens from ESEC Taim have three pairs, while Marcus (1945b), Kolasa and Young (1974b), and Kolasa and Young (1974a) mentioned 2–3, 1 or none, and only 2 pairs respectively, suggesting a notable variation of this feature.

Distribution: The species was recorded in North Europe ( Lanfranchi and Papi 1978), USA ( Kepner and Carter 1931; Nuttycombe and Waters 1938), Poland ( Kolasa and Young 1974a), Suriname ( Van der Land 1970), Brazil ( Marcus 1945b), and Kenya ( Kolasa and Young 1974b).

Figures

Fig. 2. Live specimens of Catenulida. (A) Catenula lemnae, chain two zooids. (B–D) Myostenostomum vanderlandi: (B) habitus of whole-mounted individual, (C) detail of the anterior brain lobe and (D) detail of the posterior brain lobe. (E–F) Stenostomum glandulosum: (E) live individual, (F) free-hand schematic representation. (G) Stenostomum grande, a single zooid. (H) Stenostomum paraguayense, intestine with some food items. (I) Stenostomum hemisphericum, free-hand schematic representation.