Latopilumnus Türkay & Schuhmacher, 1985

Ng, Peter K. L. & Clark, Paul F., 2008, A revision of Latopilumnus Türkay & Schuhmacher, 1985, and Aniptumnus Ng, 2002 (Crustacea: Decapoda: Brachyura: Pilumnidae) with larval comparisons, Journal of Natural History 42 (9 - 12), pp. 885-912 : 886-887

Latopilumnus Türkay & Schuhmacher, 1985

Latopilumnus Türkay & Schuhmacher, 1985: 56 (type species Latopilumnus tubicolus Türkay & Schuhmacher, 1985 , by original designation).

Diagnosis

Carapace broader than long; carapace regions poorly or not defined; anterior half of surface smooth to granular; with scattered setae to almost glabrous, carapace surface never obscured from dorsal view by setae. Front broad, with two truncate to subtruncate lobes separated by distinct median cleft, lateral lobe (supraorbital angle) low to undiscernible, if present, not separated from median frontal lobes by cleft or fissure. Anterolateral margin with four teeth, including external orbital angle; first tooth usually low and relatively broader than others. Outer surfaces of chelipeds prominently granular. Ambulatory legs short, ventral margins of merus without distinct granules or spines. G1 slender, sinuous, with distal part strongly tapering to a sharp point.

Remarks

In establishing Latopilumnus, Türkay and Schuhmacher (1985) included only two species, L. tubicolus Türkay & Schuhmacher, 1985 , and L. tuberculosus ( Garth & Kim, 1983) . They discussed its affinities with members of Parapilumnus Kossmann, 1877 , but their concept of Parapilumnus , was based on the incorrect premise that P. quadridentatus De Man, 1895 , is the type species of the genus. Ng (2002) showed that the type species of Parapilumnus is Pilumnus cristimanus A. Milne Edwards, 1873 , designated by Rathbun (1930); and as a result of this, Parapilumnus is actually a member of the Chasmocarcininae, Goneplacidae , and not a pilumnid. More recently, Ng et al. (2008) transferred Parapilumnus to the family Acidopsidae in the Goneplacoidea. Ng (2002) established a new genus, Aniptumnus , for P. quadridentatus De Man, 1895 , using a combination of ambulatory leg, gonopodal and zoeal characters. As a tentative measure, he referred species that were still in Parapilumnus at that time to Pilumnus .

In discussing Parapilumnus, Türkay and Schuhmacher (1985) recognized several groups in the genus, even after excluding species which had been transferred to Nanopilumnus Takeda, 1974 , and Serenepilumnus Türkay & Schuhmacher, 1985 . They considered, however, that only Parapilumnus tuberculosus Garth & Kim, 1983 , could be referred to Latopilumnus with confidence. In the context of the modern understanding of Parapilumnus , and after examining the types of Pilumnus malardi De Man, 1914 , Pilumnus truncatospinosus De Man, 1914 ( Figure 1 ), and Parapilumnus tuberculosus Garth & Kim, 1983 , Latopilumnus can be redefined to accommodate these three species. In addition, on the basis of the present redefinition of the genus, Parapilumnus guinotae Deb, 1987 , from India can also be accommodated in Latopilumnus . Parapilumnus euryfrons Garth & Kim, 1983 , has now been assigned to Pilumnus as a junior synonym of Pilumnus neglectus Balss, 1933 ( Ng 2002) . Parapilumnus nefissurus Garth & Kim, 1983 , in fact shares a number of characters with Aniptumnus quadridentatus , especially with regard to the ambulatory merus possessing strong granules on the ventral border and the distal part of its G1 being not strongly curved and slightly subtruncate. Parapilumnus nefissurus is here referred to Aniptumnus . With regards to Parapilumnus trispinosus Sakai, 1965 , and P. indicus Deb, 1987 , both do not resemble members of Latopilumnus as presently redefined and should be retained in Pilumnus Samouelle, 1819 (see Ng 2002).

Comparative material examined

Pilumnus truncatospinosus De Man, 1914 : holotype, ♀ (5.5×4.0 mm), ZMA 102.880, Madagascar, in Balanus barnacle clumps, coll. L. M. Malard ( Figure 12 ). Parapilumnus nefissurus Garth & Kim, 1983 : holotype, „ (5.4× 3.7 mm), USNM 195354, Sulu Archipelago, Tawi Tawi Group, Philippines, on fine sand, 18 fms, coll. U.S. Fishery Steamer Albatross, 21 February 1908. Parapilumnus tuberculosus Garth & Kim, 1983 : holotype, „ (7.7× 5.1 mm), USNM 195356, Jolo Island and vicinity, Philippines, on coral and sand, 25 fms, coll. U.S. Fishery Steamer Albatross, 18 September 1909.

Figures

Figure 1. Pilumnus truncatospinosus (De Man, 1914) new combination, holotype, ♀ (5.5×4.0 mm), ZMA 102.880. A, right side of carapace; B, right frontal view of carapace; C, right chela; D, right carpus of cheliped; E, right fourth ambulatory leg; F, left second ambulatory merus; G, left second ambulatory carpus and propodus; H, left third maxilliped (setae denuded). Scales51.0 mm.

Figure 12. Latopilumnus conicus new species, first stage zoea. A, dorsal view of abdomen; B, lateral view of abdomen.