Glyptapanteles sujeevanratnasinghami Arias-Penna, sp. nov.

Arias-Penna, Diana Carolina, Whitfield, James B., Janzen, Daniel H., Winifred Hallwachs,, Dyer, Lee A., Smith, M. Alex, Hebert, Paul D. N. & Fernandez-Triana, Jose L., 2019, A species-level taxonomic review and host associations of Glyptapanteles (Hymenoptera, Braconidae, Microgastrinae) with an emphasis on 136 new reared species from Costa Rica and Ecuador, ZooKeys 890, pp. 1-685 : 1

Glyptapanteles sujeevanratnasinghami Arias-Penna, sp. nov. Fig. 208

Female.

Body length 2.37 mm, antenna length 3.23 mm, fore wing length 2.48 mm.

Type material.

Holotype: COSTA RICA • 1♀; 07-SRNP-67768, DHJPAR0027506; Área de Conservación Guanacaste, Alajuela, Sector San Cristóbal, Potrero Argentina ; pastures; Malaise ; 520 m; 10.89021, -85.38803; 09.viii.2007; DH Janzen & W Hallwachs leg.; ( CNC) . Paratypes. • 1 (0 ♀, 1♂) (0 ♀, 0 ♂); 07-SRNP-67051, DHJPAR0025589; same data as for holotype except: 21.viii.2007; ( CNC) . • 1 (1♀, 0 ♂) (0 ♀, 0 ♂); 07-SRNP-67156, DHJPAR0025694; same data as for holotype except: 15.viii.2007; ( CNC) . • 1 (0 ♀, 0 ♂) (1♀, 0 ♂); 07-SRNP-67236, DHJPAR0025774; same data as for holotype, except: 10.viii.2007; ( CNC) . • 1 (0 ♀, 1♂) (0 ♀, 0 ♂); 07-SRNP-67268, DHJPAR0025806; same data as for holotype except: 21.viii.2007; ( CNC) . • 1 (0 ♀, 1♂) (0 ♀, 0 ♂); 07-SRNP-67790, DHJPAR0027528; same data as for holotype except: 07.xi.2007; ( CNC) . • 1 (1♀, 0 ♂) (0 ♀, 0 ♂); 08-SRNP-3891, DHJPAR0027545; same data as for holotype except: 18.i.2008; ( CNC) . • 1 (0 ♀, 0 ♂) (1♀, 0 ♂); 08-SRNP-3889, DHJPAR0027543; same data as for holotype except: 12.i.2008; ( CNC) .

Other material.

Reared material. COSTA RICA: Área de Conservación Guanacaste, Guanacaste, Sector Pitilla, Sendero Mismo : • 1 (0 ♀, 0 ♂) (1♀, 0 ♂); 11-SRNP-31020, DHJPAR0043089; rain forest; 680 m; 10.98758, -85.41967; 16.iv.2011; Petrona Rios leg. ; caterpillar collected in third instar; cocoon in larval mummy formed on 21.iv.2011; adult parasitoid emerged on 29.iv.2011. • 1 (0 ♀, 0 ♂) (1♀, 0 ♂); 11-SRNP-31035, DHJPAR0043100; same data as for preceding except: 19.iv.2011 ; cocoon adhered to the leaf substrate.

Área de Conservación Guanacaste, Guanacaste, Sector Pitilla, Sendero Memo: • 1 (0 ♀, 0 ♂) (1♀, 0 ♂); 11-SRNP-31023, DHJPAR0043082; rain forest; 740 m; 10.98171, -85.42785; 16.iv.2011; Freddy Quesada leg. ; caterpillar collected in fourth instar; cocoons adhered to the leaf substrate and formed on 21.iv.2011; adult parasitoid emerged on 04.v.2011.

Malaise-trapped material.

COSTA RICA: Área de Conservación Guanacaste, Guanacaste, Sector Cacao, Sendero Cima : • 1 (1♀, 0 ♂) (0 ♀, 0 ♂); 99-SRNP-19182, DHJPAR0013441; cloud forest; Malaise ; 1460 m; 10.93328, -85.45729; 18.x.1999; DH Janzen & W Hallwachs leg.

Área de Conservación Guanacaste, Alajuela, Sector Rincón Rain Forest, Vado Río Francia: • 1 (1♀, 0 ♂) (0 ♀, 0 ♂); 07-SRNP-66912, DHJPAR0025450; Malaise ; 400 m; 10.90093, -85.28915; 17.vii.2007; DH Janzen & W Hallwachs leg. • 1 (0 ♀, 1♂) (0 ♀, 0 ♂); 08-SRNP-41764, DHJPAR0026207; same data as for preceding except: 25.iii.2008 . • 1 (0 ♀, 0 ♂) (0 ♀, 1♂); 08-SRNP-41743, DHJPAR0026186; same data as for preceding except: 08.iii.2008 . • 1 (0 ♀, 0 ♂) (0 ♀, 1♂); 08-SRNP-41727, DHJPAR0026170; same data as for preceding except: 18.ii.2008 . • 1 (0 ♀, 1♂) (0 ♀, 0 ♂); 08-SRNP-41714, DHJPAR0026157; same data as for preceding except: 12.ii.2008 .

Área de Conservación Guanacaste, Alajuela, Sector San Cristóbal, Rio Blanco Abajo : • 1 (0 ♀, 1♂) (0 ♀, 0 ♂); 07-SRNP-66577, DHJPAR0025115; rain forest; Malaise; 500 m; 10.90037, -85.37254; 04.vii.2007; DH Janzen & W Hallwachs leg. • 1 (1♀, 0 ♂) (0 ♀, 0 ♂); 08-SRNP-3080, DHJPAR0026661; same data as for preceding except: 12.iii.2008 . • 1 (0 ♀, 0 ♂) (0 ♀, 1♂); 08-SRNP-3126, DHJPAR0026707; same data as for preceding except: 18.iii.2008 . • 1 (0 ♀, 0 ♂) (1♀, 0 ♂); 08-SRNP-3197, DHJPAR0026778; same data as for preceding except: 24.iii.2008 . • 1 (0 ♀, 1♂) (0 ♀, 0 ♂); 08-SRNP-3540, DHJPAR0027121; same data as for preceding except: 23.iv.2008 . • 1 (1♀, 0 ♂) (0 ♀, 0 ♂); 08-SRNP-3572, DHJPAR0027153; same data as for preceding except: 23.iv.2008 .

Área de Conservación Guanacaste, Alajuela, Sector San Cristóbal, Bosque Trampa Malaise : • 1 (1♀, 0 ♂) (0 ♀, 0 ♂); 07-SRNP-67393, DHJPAR0025931; rain forest; 815 m; 10.86280, -85.38460; 16.vi.2007; DH Janzen & W Hallwachs leg. • 1 (0 ♀, 0 ♂) (0 ♀, 1♂); 07-SRNP-67449, DHJPAR0025987; same data as for preceding except: 22.vi.2007 . • 1 (0 ♀, 1♂) (0 ♀, 0 ♂); 07-SRNP-67500, DHJPAR0026038; same data as for preceding except: 10.vii.2007 . • 1 (0 ♀, 1♂) (0 ♀, 0 ♂); 07-SRNP-67802, DHJPAR0027598; same data as for preceding except: 03.viii.2007 . • 1 (0 ♀, 0 ♂) (0 ♀, 1♂); 07-SRNP-67840, DHJPAR0027636; same data as for preceding except: 01.xi.2007 .

Área de Conservación Guanacaste, Alajuela, Sector San Cristóbal, Estacion San Gerardo : • 1 (0 ♀, 1♂) (0 ♀, 0 ♂); 07-SRNP-67345, DHJPAR0025883; rain forest; 575 m; 10.88009, -85.38887; 15.viii.2007; DH Janzen & W Hallwachs leg.

Diagnosis.

Hind coxa punctate only ventrally ( Fig. 208A, J ), hind telotarsus longer than fourth tarsomere, distal antennal flagellomere longer than penultimate, phragma of the scutellum completely concealed ( Fig. 208F ) propodeum medially rhomboid-shaped with transverse rugae, but no trace of median longitudinal carina ( Fig. 208F ), anteroventral contour of mesopleuron convex ( Fig. 208A, I ), edges of median area on T2 polished and followed by a deep groove ( Fig. 208G, H ), and fore wing with r vein curved, outer side of junction of r and 2RS veins forming a slight stub ( Fig. 208K ).

Coloration

( Fig. 208 A–K ). General body coloration satin black except scape and pedicel yellow, but inner and outer sides brown; first three-four proximal antennal flagellomeres dorsally lighter (light brown) than ventrally (dark brown), remaining flagellomeres dark brown on both sides; tegulae, labrum, and mandible yellow; middle area of clypeus, middle area of face just below antennal sockets, propleuron distally, mesosternum, dorsal furrow of pronotum, area of mesoscutum just above of dorsal furrow of pronotum, epicnemial ridge, dorso-ventrally edge of mesopleuron, distal corners of mesoscutum, apex of scutellum, and lateral ends of metanotum with yellow-brown/reddish tints; glossa, maxillary and labial palps pale yellow/ivory. Eyes and ocelli silver. Fore and middle legs dark yellow, except coxae and trochanters pale yellow/ivory, and claws brown; hind legs dark yellow except proximal half of coxae black and distal half yellow-brown, femora distally brown, and tibiae (with both ends darker) and tarsomeres dark yellow/orange. Petiole on T1 brown, contours darkened and sublateral areas ivory/pale yellow; T2 with median and wide adjacent areas brown, both forming a rectangle-shape area, and lateral ends ivory/pale yellow; T3 medially brown, shape of that dark area coinciding in both proximally and distally extremes with the width of median plus adjacent areas on T2; however, dark area not reaching distal edge of T3, rather T3 distally with a wide yellow band, and lateral ends on T3 ivory/pale yellow; T4 and beyond completely brown; distally each tergum with a narrow ivory/pale yellow transparent band. In lateral view, T1-3 ivory/pale yellow; T4 yellow-brown; T5 and beyond brown. S1-3 ivory/yellow; S4 yellow, but medially with a brown spot; penultimate sternum and hypopygium brown.

Description.

Head ( Fig. 208 A–D ). Head rhomboid with pubescence long and dense. Proximal three antennal flagellomeres longer than wide (0.23:0.08, 0.24:0.08, 0.24:0.08), distal antennal flagellomere longer than penultimate (0.15:0.06, 0.11:0.06), antenna longer than body (3.23, 2.37); antennal scrobes-frons shallow. Face flat or nearly so, punctate-lacunose, interspaces wavy and longitudinal median carina present. Frons smooth. Temple wide, punctate-lacunose and interspaces wavy. Inner margin of eyes diverging slightly at antennal sockets; in lateral view, eye anteriorly convex and posteriorly straight. POL shorter than OOL (0.09, 0.11). Malar suture present. Median area between lateral ocelli slightly depressed. Vertex laterally pointed or nearly so and dorsally wide.

Mesosoma ( Fig. 208A, E, F, I ). Mesosoma dorsoventrally convex. Distal 1/3 of mesoscutum with lateral margin slightly dented, punctation distinct throughout, interspaces wavy/lacunose. Scutellum triangular, apex sloped and fused with BS, scutellar punctation distinct throughout, in profile scutellum flat and on same plane as mesoscutum, but not in the same plane, phragma of the scutellum completely concealed; BS only very partially overlapping the MPM; ATS demilune with a little, complete and parallel carinae, dorsal ATS groove with semicircular/parallel carinae. Transscutal articulation with small and homogeneous foveae, area just behind transscutal articulation sloped, smooth and shiny. Metanotum with BM upward; MPM circular without median longitudinal carina; AFM without setiferous lobes and not as well delineated as PFM; PFM thick, smooth and with lateral ends rounded; ATM proximally with a groove with some sculpturing and distally smooth. Propodeum with transverse rugae, proximal half curved with medium-sized sculpture and distal half rugose; distal edge of propodeum with a flange at each side and without stubs; propodeal spiracle distally framed by a short concave carina; nucha surrounded by very short radiating carinae. Pronotum with a distinct dorsal furrow, dorsally with a well-defined smooth band; central area of pronotum and dorsal furrow smooth, but ventral furrow with short parallel carinae. Propleuron with fine punctations throughout and dorsally with a carina. Metasternum flat or nearly so. Contour of mesopleuron convex; precoxal groove deep with transverse lineate sculpture; epicnemial ridge convex, teardrop-shaped.

Legs ( Fig. 208A, J ). Ventral margin of fore telotarsus slightly excavated and with a tiny curved seta, fore telotarsus almost same width throughout and longer than fourth tarsomere (0.12, 0.07). Hind coxa with punctation only on ventral surface, dorsal outer depression present. Inner spur of hind tibia longer than outer spur (0.29, 0.20), entire surface of hind tibia with dense strong spines clearly differentiated by color and length. Hind telotarsus longer than fourth tarsomere (0.15, 0.12).

Wings ( Fig. 208K ). Fore wing with r vein slightly curved; 2RS vein straight; r and 2RS veins forming a weak, even curve at their junction and outer side of junction forming a slight stub; 2M vein slightly curved/swollen; distally fore wing [where spectral veins are] with microtrichiae more densely concentrated than the rest of the wing; anal cell 1/3 proximally lacking microtrichiae; subbasal cell with a small smooth area; vein 2CUa absent and vein 2CUb spectral; vein 2 cu-a absent; vein 2-1A proximally tubular and distally spectral, although sometimes difficult to see; tubular vein 1 cu-a curved, incomplete/broken and not reaching the edge of 1-1A vein. Hind wing with vannal lobe very narrow, subdistally evenly convex and subproximally straightened, and setae evenly scattered in the margin.

Metasoma ( Fig. 208A, G, H, J ). Metasoma laterally compressed. Petiole on T1 finely sculptured only laterally, petiole parallel-sided in proximal half and then narrowing (length 0.35, maximum width 0.16, minimum width 0.08) and with scarse pubescence concentrated in the first distal third. Lateral grooves delimiting the median area on T2 clearly defined and reaching the distal edge of T2 (length median area 0.16, length T2 0.16), edges of median area polished and lateral grooves deep, median area broader than long (length 0.16, maximum width 0.19, minimum width 0.08); T2 with scattered pubescence only distally. T3 longer than T2 (0.20, 0.16) and with scattered pubescence only distally. Pubescence on hypopygium scattered.

Cocoons. Beige or white oval cocoon with silk fibers evenly smooth. Cocoon adhered to the leaf substrate.

Comments.

In some females, the whole propleuron is yellow-brown and the T3 distally lacking of a yellow band.

Male.

Similar in shape and color to female; although the coloration on some body parts varies: the dark area on T3 extending to the distal edge. In some males (e.g., 08-SRNP-3540), the coloration of hind coxae is different: the coxae are black, but distally yellow-brown. Also, the metepimeron has some faintly transverse lineate sculpture. In other males, the hind coxae with two colorations: proximal half brown and distal half yellow-brown (e.g., 07-SRNP-66577). Other males have the entire propleuron yellow and the coloration of the mesopleuron is more distinctive than in females (e.g., 07-SRNP-67500). Some males with femora distally and tibiae proximally brown.

Etymology.

Sujeevan Ratnasingham is (since 2010) the chair of Informatics, International Barcode of Life project (iBOLD).

Distribution.

Parasitized caterpillars were collected in Costa Rica, ACG, Sector Pitilla (Sendero Memo and Sendero Mismo), during April 2011 at 680 m and 740 m in rain forest.

Adult parasitoids were collected in Costa Rica, ACG, Sector Cacao (Sendero Cima), Sector Rincón Rain Forest (Vado Río Francia), and Sector San Cristóbal (Bosque Trampa Malaise, Estación San Gerardo, Río Blanco Abajo, and Potrero Argentina), during October 1999; June-August and November 2007; and January-April 2008 at 400, 500, 520, 575, 815 and 1,460 m in pastures, rain forest and cloud forest.

Biology.

The lifestyle of this parasitoid species is solitary.

Host.

Psaliodes sp. Guenée ( Geometridae : Larentiinae) feeding on Cyathea multiflora ( Cyatheaceae ). Caterpillars were collected in third and fourth instar.

Figures

Figure 208. Glyptapanteles sujeevanratnasinghami sp. nov. female 07 - SRNP- 67156 DHJPAR 0025694, 07 - SRNP- 67768 DHJPAR 0027506 A Habitus B, D Head B Frontal view D Dorsal view C Head, pronotum, propleuron, lateral view E Mesonotum, dorsal view F Scutellum, metanotum, propodeum, dorsal view G T 1 - 3, dorsal view H, J Metasoma H Dorsal view J Lateral view I Mesosoma, lateral view K Fore and hind wings, male 07 - SRNP- 67795 DHJPAR 0027533.