Crassignatha danaugirangensis, Miller, Jeremy A., Schilthuizen, Menno, Burmester, Jennie Lilliendahl, van der Graaf, Lot, Merckx, Vincent, Jocque, Merlijn, Kessler, Paul Joseph Antonius, Fayle, Tom Maurice, Breeschoten, Thijmen, Broeren, Regi, Bouman, Roderick, Chua, Wan-Ji, Feijen, Frida, Fermont, Tanita, Groen, Kevin, Groen, Marvin, Kil, Nicolaas Johannes Cornelis, de Laat, Henrica Allegonda, Moerland, Michelangelo Sergio, Moncoquet, Carole, Panjang, Elisa, Philip, Amelia Joyce, Roca-Eriksen, Rebecca, Rooduijn, Bastiaan, van Santen, Marit, Swakman, Violet, Evans, Meaghan N., Evans, Luke J., Love, Kieran, Joscelyne, Sarah H, Tober, Anya Victoria, Wilson, Hannah F., Ambu, Laurentius N. & Goossens, Benoit, 2014

Miller, Jeremy A., Schilthuizen, Menno, Burmester, Jennie Lilliendahl, van der Graaf, Lot, Merckx, Vincent, Jocque, Merlijn, Kessler, Paul Joseph Antonius, Fayle, Tom Maurice, Breeschoten, Thijmen, Broeren, Regi, Bouman, Roderick, Chua, Wan-Ji, Feijen, Frida, Fermont, Tanita, Groen, Kevin, Groen, Marvin, Kil, Nicolaas Johannes Cornelis, de Laat, Henrica Allegonda, Moerland, Michelangelo Sergio, Moncoquet, Carole, Panjang, Elisa, Philip, Amelia Joyce, Roca-Eriksen, Rebecca, Rooduijn, Bastiaan, van Santen, Marit, Swakman, Violet, Evans, Meaghan N., Evans, Luke J., Love, Kieran, Joscelyne, Sarah H, Tober, Anya Victoria, Wilson, Hannah F., Ambu, Laurentius N. & Goossens, Benoit, 2014, Dispatch from the field: ecology of ground-web-building spiders with description of a new species (Araneae, Symphytognathidae), Biodiversity Data Journal 2, pp. 1076-1076 : 1076

Crassignatha danaugirangensis sp. n.

Materials

Type status: Holotype. Occurrence: catalogNumber: 20140304.1:57H ; recordedBy: J. Miller, C.M. van der Graaf, C. Burmester; individualCount: 1; sex: 1 male; Taxon: scientificName: Crassignathadanaugirangensis; order: Araneae; family: Symphytognathidae; genus: Crassignatha; specificEpithet: danaugirangensis; taxonRank: species; scientificNameAuthorship: Miller et al. 2014; Location: island: Borneo; country: Malaysia; stateProvince: Sabah; locality: Danau Girang Field Centre, plot 1 ; verbatimCoordinates: 5°24.75'N 118°2.35'E; decimalLatitude: 5.4125; decimalLongitude: 118.0392; Event: samplingProtocol: dusting for webs; eventDate: 2014-03-04; Record Level: institutionID: Universiti Malaysia Sabah; collectionID: Institute for Tropical Biology and Conservation, Borneensis; institutionCode: UMS; collectionCode: BORN; basisOfRecord: PreservedSpecimen

Type status: Paratype. Occurrence: catalogNumber: 20140304.1:57 ; recordedBy: J. Miller, C.M. van der Graaf, C. Burmester; individualCount: 4; sex: 4 females; Taxon: scientificName: Crassignathadanaugirangensis; order: Araneae; family: Symphytognathidae; genus: Crassignatha; specificEpithet: danaugirangensis; taxonRank: species; scientificNameAuthorship: Miller et al. 2014; Location: island: Borneo; country: Malaysia; stateProvince: Sabah; locality: Danau Girang Field Centre, plot 1 ; verbatimCoordinates: 5°24.75'N 118°2.35'E; decimalLatitude: 5.4125; decimalLongitude: 118.0392; Event: samplingProtocol: dusting for webs; eventDate: 2014-03-04; Record Level: institutionID: Universiti Malaysia Sabah; collectionID: Institute for Tropical Biology and Conservation, Borneensis; institutionCode: UMS; collectionCode: BORN; basisOfRecord: PreservedSpecimen

Type status: Paratype. Occurrence: catalogNumber: 20140301.1:59 ; recordedBy: J. Miller, C.M. van der Graaf, C. Burmester; individualCount: 8; sex: 2 males, 3 females, 3 juveniles; Taxon: scientificName: Crassignathadanaugirangensis; order: Araneae; family: Symphytognathidae; genus: Crassignatha; specificEpithet: danaugirangensis; taxonRank: species; scientificNameAuthorship: Miller et al. 2014; Location: island: Borneo; country: Malaysia; stateProvince: Sabah; locality: Danau Girang Field Centre, plot 1 ; verbatimCoordinates: 5°24.75'N 118°2.35'E; decimalLatitude: 5.4125; decimalLongitude: 118.0392; Event: samplingProtocol: dusting for webs; eventDate: 2014-03-01; Record Level: institutionID: Universiti Malaysia Sabah; collectionID: Institute for Tropical Biology and Conservation, Borneensis; institutionCode: UMS; collectionCode: BORN; basisOfRecord: PreservedSpecimen

Type status: Paratype. Occurrence: catalogNumber: 20140301.1:113 ; recordedBy: J. Miller, C.M. van der Graaf, C. Burmester; individualCount: 12; sex: 5 males, 3 females, 4 juveniles; Taxon: scientificName: Crassignathadanaugirangensis; order: Araneae; family: Symphytognathidae; genus: Crassignatha; specificEpithet: danaugirangensis; taxonRank: species; scientificNameAuthorship: Miller et al. 2014; Location: island: Borneo; country: Malaysia; stateProvince: Sabah; locality: Danau Girang Field Centre, plot 1 ; verbatimCoordinates: 5°24.75'N 118°2.35'E; decimalLatitude: 5.4125; decimalLongitude: 118.0392; Event: samplingProtocol: dusting for webs; eventDate: 2014-03-01; Record Level: institutionID: Universiti Malaysia Sabah; collectionID: Institute for Tropical Biology and Conservation, Borneensis; institutionCode: UMS; collectionCode: BORN; basisOfRecord: PreservedSpecimen

Type status: Paratype. Occurrence: catalogNumber: 20140301.1:121 ; recordedBy: J. Miller, C.M. van der Graaf, C. Burmester; individualCount: 2; sex: 2 females; Taxon: scientificName: Crassignathadanaugirangensis; order: Araneae; family: Symphytognathidae; genus: Crassignatha; specificEpithet: danaugirangensis; taxonRank: species; scientificNameAuthorship: Miller et al. 2014; Location: island: Borneo; country: Malaysia; stateProvince: Sabah; locality: Danau Girang Field Centre, plot 1 ; verbatimCoordinates: 5°24.75'N 118°2.35'E; decimalLatitude: 5.4125; decimalLongitude: 118.0392; Event: samplingProtocol: dusting for webs; eventDate: 2014-03-01; Record Level: institutionID: Universiti Malaysia Sabah; collectionID: Institute for Tropical Biology and Conservation, Borneensis; institutionCode: UMS; collectionCode: BORN; basisOfRecord: PreservedSpecimen

Type status: Paratype. Occurrence: catalogNumber: 20140301.1:60 ; recordedBy: J. Miller, C.M. van der Graaf, C. Burmester; individualCount: 2; sex: 2 females; Taxon: scientificName: Crassignathadanaugirangensis; order: Araneae; family: Symphytognathidae; genus: Crassignatha; specificEpithet: danaugirangensis; taxonRank: species; scientificNameAuthorship: Miller et al. 2014; Location: island: Borneo; country: Malaysia; stateProvince: Sabah; locality: Danau Girang Field Centre, plot 1 ; verbatimCoordinates: 5°24.75'N 118°2.35'E; decimalLatitude: 5.4125; decimalLongitude: 118.0392; Event: samplingProtocol: dusting for webs; eventDate: 2014-03-01; Record Level: institutionID: Universiti Malaysia Sabah; collectionID: Institute for Tropical Biology and Conservation, Borneensis; institutionCode: UMS; collectionCode: BORN; basisOfRecord: PreservedSpecimen

Type status: Paratype. Occurrence: catalogNumber: 20140301.1:100 ; recordedBy: J. Miller, C.M. van der Graaf, C. Burmester; individualCount: 7; sex: 2 males, 5 females; Taxon: scientificName: Crassignathadanaugirangensis; order: Araneae; family: Symphytognathidae; genus: Crassignatha; specificEpithet: danaugirangensis; taxonRank: species; scientificNameAuthorship: Miller et al. 2014; Location: island: Borneo; country: Malaysia; stateProvince: Sabah; locality: Danau Girang Field Centre, plot 1 ; verbatimCoordinates: 5°24.75'N 118°2.35'E; decimalLatitude: 5.4125; decimalLongitude: 118.0392; Event: samplingProtocol: dusting for webs; eventDate: 2014-03-01; Record Level: institutionID: Universiti Malaysia Sabah; collectionID: Institute for Tropical Biology and Conservation, Borneensis; institutionCode: UMS; collectionCode: BORN; basisOfRecord: PreservedSpecimen

Type status: Paratype. Occurrence: catalogNumber: 20140301.1:104 ; recordedBy: J. Miller, C.M. van der Graaf, C. Burmester; individualCount: 7; sex: 1 male, 6 females; Taxon: scientificName: Crassignathadanaugirangensis; order: Araneae; family: Symphytognathidae; genus: Crassignatha; specificEpithet: danaugirangensis; taxonRank: species; scientificNameAuthorship: Miller et al. 2014; Location: island: Borneo; country: Malaysia; stateProvince: Sabah; locality: Danau Girang Field Centre, plot 1 ; verbatimCoordinates: 5°24.75'N 118°2.35'E; decimalLatitude: 5.4125; decimalLongitude: 118.0392; Event: samplingProtocol: dusting for webs; eventDate: 2014-03-01; Record Level: institutionID: Universiti Malaysia Sabah; collectionID: Institute for Tropical Biology and Conservation, Borneensis; institutionCode: UMS; collectionCode: BORN; basisOfRecord: PreservedSpecimen

Type status: Paratype. Occurrence: catalogNumber: 20140225F2 ; recordedBy: J. Miller, C.M. van der Graaf, C. Burmester; individualCount: 2; sex: 2 females; Taxon: scientificName: Crassignathadanaugirangensis; order: Araneae; family: Symphytognathidae; genus: Crassignatha; specificEpithet: danaugirangensis; taxonRank: species; scientificNameAuthorship: Miller et al. 2014; Location: island: Borneo; country: Malaysia; stateProvince: Sabah; locality: Danau Girang Field Centre, Mallotus trail ; verbatimCoordinates: 5°25'N 118°2.08'E; decimalLatitude: 5.4666; decimalLongitude: 118.0392; Event: samplingProtocol: dusting for webs; eventDate: 2014-02-25; Record Level: institutionID: Universiti Malaysia Sabah; collectionID: Institute for Tropical Biology and Conservation, Borneensis; institutionCode: UMS; collectionCode: BORN; basisOfRecord: PreservedSpecimen

Type status: Paratype. Occurrence: catalogNumber: 20140225M1 ; recordedBy: J. Miller, C.M. van der Graaf, C. Burmester; individualCount: 1; sex: 1 male; Taxon: scientificName: Crassignathadanaugirangensis; order: Araneae; family: Symphytognathidae; genus: Crassignatha; specificEpithet: danaugirangensis; taxonRank: species; scientificNameAuthorship: Miller et al. 2014; Location: island: Borneo; country: Malaysia; stateProvince: Sabah; locality: Danau Girang Field Centre, Mallotus trail ; verbatimCoordinates: 5°25'N 118°2.08'E; decimalLatitude: 5.4666; decimalLongitude: 118.0347; Event: samplingProtocol: dusting for webs; eventDate: 2014-02-25; Record Level: institutionID: Universiti Malaysia Sabah; collectionID: Institute for Tropical Biology and Conservation, Borneensis; institutionCode: UMS; collectionCode: BORN; basisOfRecord: PreservedSpecimen

Type status: Paratype. Occurrence: catalogNumber: 20140304.1:104 ; recordedBy: J. Miller, C.M. van der Graaf, C. Burmester; individualCount: 16; sex: 4 males, 10 females, 2 juveniles; Taxon: scientificName: Crassignathadanaugirangensis; order: Araneae; family: Symphytognathidae; genus: Crassignatha; specificEpithet: danaugirangensis; taxonRank: species; scientificNameAuthorship: Miller et al. 2014; Location: island: Borneo; country: Malaysia; stateProvince: Sabah; locality: Danau Girang Field Centre, plot 1 ; verbatimCoordinates: 5°24.75'N 118°2.35'E; decimalLatitude: 5.4125; decimalLongitude: 118.0392; Event: samplingProtocol: dusting for webs; eventDate: 2014-03-01; Record Level: institutionID: Universiti Malaysia Sabah; collectionID: Institute for Tropical Biology and Conservation, Borneensis; institutionCode: UMS; collectionCode: BORN; basisOfRecord: PreservedSpecimen

Type status: Paratype. Occurrence: catalogNumber: 20140302.4:50 ; recordedBy: J. Miller, C.M. van der Graaf, C. Burmester; individualCount: 7; sex: 2 males, 5 females; Taxon: scientificName: Crassignathadanaugirangensis; order: Araneae; family: Symphytognathidae; genus: Crassignatha; specificEpithet: danaugirangensis; taxonRank: species; scientificNameAuthorship: Miller et al. 2014; Location: island: Borneo; country: Malaysia; stateProvince: Sabah; locality: Danau Girang Field Centre, plot 4 ; verbatimCoordinates: 5°24.5'N 118°2.4'E; decimalLatitude: 5.4083; decimalLongitude: 118.04; Event: samplingProtocol: dusting for webs; eventDate: 2014-03-02; Record Level: institutionID: Universiti Malaysia Sabah; collectionID: Institute for Tropical Biology and Conservation, Borneensis; institutionCode: UMS; collectionCode: BORN; basisOfRecord: PreservedSpecimen

Description

Coloration and gross somatic morphology as in Fig. 1a, b, c, d, e. Six eyes in three diads. Carapace dark brown, rough texture, raised in male (Fig. 1d). Sternum brown. Legs orange, femora I and II slightly swollen basally in female. Patellae each with a dorsal macroseta. Dorsal tibial macrosetae 2-2-1-1, tibia I with prolateral macroseta. Male tibia II clasping spur a single ventral macroseta, male metatarsus II shape unmodified (Fig. 1f, contrast with Miller et al. 2009, fig. 80E). Abdomen ovoid in dorsal view, subtriangular in lateral view with spinnerets oriented ventrally, tan with narrow bowed black longitudinal stripes running about 3/2 the length and a thicker black lateral band running all around, dorsal area with several long sparsely placed setae (Fig. 1a, b, c, d); male with single orange scutum laterally and posteriorly (Fig. 1d), female without sclerite around spinnerets.

Male palp

Median apophysis (MA) with multiple lobes. Embolus (E) long, flexible, runs distally from median apophysis, then turns to run in proximal direction (Fig. 4). Cymbium (CB) covers most of retrolateral face of bulb, with dark tooth-like processes (CT) near proximal dorsal part.

Vulva

Scape small and rounded. Round spermathecae separated by more than three times their diameter (Fig. 2).

Measurements

Male: Total length 0.7; carapace length 0.3, width 0.3, height 0.2. Female: Total length 0.9; carapace length 0.3, width 0.3, height 0.2.

Diagnosis

Distinctive abdominal coloration separates this from all other Crassignatha species (Fig. 1a, b, c, d); only this species and Crassignatha haeneli Wunderlich, 1995 have longitudinal bands on abdomen (a broad light band on an otherwise dark gray abdomen in Crassignatha haeneli , Wunderlich 1995). Distinguished from Crassignatha haeneli by the unicolor legs (banded in Crassignatha haeneli , Wunderlich 1995); male further distinguished from Crassignatha haeneli by the presence of an abdominal scutum in the male (Fig. 1d; absent in Crassignatha haeneli , Wunderlich 1995). Male distinguished from all except Crassignatha haeneli by the tibia II clasping spur consisting of only a single ventral macroseta (Fig. 1f; 2-4 in other species). Female distinguished from all other Crassignatha species by the widely spaced spermathecae (separated by more than three times their diameter in this species, not more than 1.5 times their diameter in other species).

Etymology

Named for the Danau Girang Field Centre, the type locality for this species.

The taxonomic authority for this species is attributed to all authors of this publication. In accordance with ICZN Recommendation 51C ( International Commission on Zoological Nomenclature 1999), this species may be referred to as Crassignatha danaugirangensis Miller et al., 2014, provided the full citation of this publication appears in the bibliography or elsewhere in the referring work. At a time when scientific research in general is becoming more collaborative and multidisciplinary, it should not be surprising to find increasing numbers of authors responsible for nomenclatural acts. Arguably, the convention in zoology of referencing the authors of a taxonomic name (ICZN Article 51) rather than the source publication is anachronistic in contemporary multidisciplinary, collaborative science ( Costello 2009).

Distribution

Known only from the forest of the Danau Girang Field Centre.

Ecology

This species builds a horizontal orb web approximately 4 cm in diameter, close to the ground (Fig. 3).