Leopardus Gray 1842

Wilson, Don E. & Reeder, DeeAnn, 2005, Order Carnivora, Mammal Species of the World: a Taxonomic and Geographic Reference (3 rd Edition), Volume 1, Baltimore: The Johns Hopkins University Press, pp. 532-628 : 537

Leopardus Gray 1842

Leopardus Gray 1842 , Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist., ser. 1, 10: 260.

Type Species: Leopardus griseus Gray 1842

Synonyms: Colocolo Pocock 1941 ; Dendrailurus Severtzov 1858 ; Lynchailurus Severtzov 1858 ; Margay Gray 1867 ; Montifelis Schwangart 1941 ; Mungofelis Antonius 1933 ; Noctifelis Severtzov 1858 ; Oncifelis Severtzov 1858 ; Oncilla Allen 1919 ; Oncoides Severtzov 1858 ; Oreailurus Cabrera 1940 ; Pajeros Gray 1867 ; Pardalina Gray 1867 ; Pardalis Gray 1867 ; Pseudolynx Schwangart 1941 .

Species and subspecies: 9 species with 41 subspecies:

Species Leopardus braccatus Cope 1889

Subspecies Leopardus braccatus subsp. braccatus Cope 1889

Subspecies Leopardus braccatus subsp. munoai Ximenez 1961

Species Leopardus colocolo ( Molina 1782)

Subspecies Leopardus colocolo subsp. colocolo Molina 1782

Subspecies Leopardus colocolo subsp. wolffsohni García-Perea 1994

Species Leopardus geoffroyi d'Orbigny and Gervais 1844

Subspecies Leopardus geoffroyi subsp. geoffroyi d'Orbigny and Gervais 1844

Subspecies Leopardus geoffroyi subsp. euxanthus Pocock 1940

Subspecies Leopardus geoffroyi subsp. leucobaptus Pocock 1940

Subspecies Leopardus geoffroyi subsp. paraguae Pocock 1940

Subspecies Leopardus geoffroyi subsp. salinarum Thomas 1903

Species Leopardus guigna ( Molina 1782)

Subspecies Leopardus guigna subsp. guigna Molina 1782

Subspecies Leopardus guigna subsp. tigrillo Schinz 1844

Species Leopardus jacobitus Cornalia 1865

Species Leopardus pajeros (Desmarest 1816)

Subspecies Leopardus pajeros subsp. pajeros Desmarest 1816

Subspecies Leopardus pajeros subsp. budini Pocock 1941

Subspecies Leopardus pajeros subsp. garleppi Matschie 1912

Subspecies Leopardus pajeros subsp. steinbachi Pocock 1941

Subspecies Leopardus pajeros subsp. thomasi Lönnberg 1913

Species Leopardus pardalis ( Linnaeus 1758)

Subspecies Leopardus pardalis subsp. pardalis Linnaeus 1758

Subspecies Leopardus pardalis subsp. aequatorialis Mearns 1903

Subspecies Leopardus pardalis subsp. albescens Pucheran 1855

Subspecies Leopardus pardalis subsp. melanurus Ball 1844

Subspecies Leopardus pardalis subsp. mitis F. G. Cuvier 1820

Subspecies Leopardus pardalis subsp. nelsoni Goldman 1925

Subspecies Leopardus pardalis subsp. pseudopardalis Boitard 1842

Subspecies Leopardus pardalis subsp. pusaeus Thomas 1914

Subspecies Leopardus pardalis subsp. sonoriensis Goldman 1925

Subspecies Leopardus pardalis subsp. steinbachi Pocock 1941

Species Leopardus tigrinus (Schreber 1775)

Subspecies Leopardus tigrinus subsp. tigrinus Schreber 1775

Subspecies Leopardus tigrinus subsp. guttulus Hensel 1872

Subspecies Leopardus tigrinus subsp. oncilla Thomas 1903

Subspecies Leopardus tigrinus subsp. pardinoides Gray 1867

Species Leopardus wiedii (Schinz 1821)

Subspecies Leopardus wiedii subsp. wiedii Schinz 1821

Subspecies Leopardus wiedii subsp. amazonicus Cabrera 1917

Subspecies Leopardus wiedii subsp. boliviae Pocock 1941

Subspecies Leopardus wiedii subsp. cooperi Goldman 1943

Subspecies Leopardus wiedii subsp. glauculus Thomas 1903

Subspecies Leopardus wiedii subsp. nicaraguae J. A. Allen 1919

Subspecies Leopardus wiedii subsp. oaxacensis Nelson and Goldman 1931

Subspecies Leopardus wiedii subsp. pirrensis Goldman 1914

Subspecies Leopardus wiedii subsp. salvinius Pocock 1941

Subspecies Leopardus wiedii subsp. vigens Thomas 1904

Subspecies Leopardus wiedii subsp. yucatanicus Nelson and Goldman 1931

Discussion: There has been almost unanimous agreement that this group is monophyletic ( Bininda-Emonds et al., 1999; Herrington, 1986; Johnson and O’Brien, 1997; Johnson et al., 1998; Mattern and McLennan, 2000; Pocock, 1917 a; Salles, 1992; Weigel, 1961). However, the relationships within this genus are unclear. Most recognize wiedii and pardalis as a monophyletic group, however there is considerable controversy on the arrangement of the remaining species. Under phylogenies put forward by some recent genetic and molecular studies, the remaining taxa ( guigna , colocolo , jacobitus , tigrinus , geoffroyi ) would be paraphyletic if wiedii and pardalis were separated (Collier and O’Brien, 1985; Johnson and O’Brien, 1997; Johnson et al., 1998). All are provisionally included here in Leopardus . García-Perea (1994) revised the pampas cat group and found three clearly distinct allopatric populations. She argued that these populations had been separated for some time and should be considered full species ( braccatus , colocolo , and pajeros ). Although the distinguishing morphological features she found were in some cases variable, they would fall within the range of differences recognized elsewhere at the species level. I have provisionally followed García-Perea for these endangered populations.