Calitys Thomson, 1859

Kolibac, Jiri, 2013, Trogossitidae: A review of the beetle family, with a catalogue and keys, ZooKeys 366, pp. 1-194 : 9-11

Genus Calitys Thomson, 1859 Figs 3 , 13 ; Map 1

Calitys Thomson, C. G. 1859: 71.

Type species.

Hispa scabra Thunberg, 1784 [by original designation and monotypy]

Barron, J. R. 1971: 18. Crowson, R. A. 1964a: 296. Kolibáč, J. 2005: 49 (redescription). Kolibáč, J. 2006: 111 (phylogeny). Kolibáč, J. 2007a: 364. Kolibáč, J. 2008: 118-119 (phylogeny). Kolibáč, J. et al. 2005: 129 (key). Léveillé, A. 1910: 24. Reitter, E. 1911: 6, 7 ( Calytis Thomson, 1859: misspelling; see Barron, J. R. 1971: 19). Reitter, E. 1922: 66. Spahr, U. 1981: 74 (amber and copal fossils)

Nosodes LeConte, 1861 [type species: no species included; see Barron 1971]

Barron, J. R. 1971: 19. Reitter, E. 1876: 43

Peltidea Motchulsky, 1858 [type species: Peltidea dentata Fabricius, 1787]

Barron, J. R. 1971: 18. (nomen oblitum)

Description

( Calitys scabra ). Body size: about 10.0 mm. Adult: Body shape flat. Gular sutures wide, convergent at apex. Frontoclypeal suture present. Frons: longitudinal groove or depression absent. Cranium ventrally: tufts of long setae at sides absent. Submentum: ctenidium absent. Antennal groove present. Eyes: size moderate. Eyes number: two. Epicranial acumination deep. Lacinial hooks: two. Galea: shape sub-clavate. Galea: ciliate setae absent. Mediostipes-Lacinia partially fused. Palpifer: outer edge even. Mandibular apical teeth number: two, horizontally situated. Mola present. Penicillus (at base) present (fine, often membranous). Pubescence above mola or cutting edge absent. Ventral furrow present. Basal notch shallow or absent. Labrum-Cranium not fused. Epipharyngial sclerite absent. Lateral tormal process: projection curved downwards, processes with bridge ( Peltis ). Ligula: ciliate setae absent. Ligula rigid, strongly retroflexed, weakly emarginate. Hypopharyngeal sclerite H-shaped. Antenna 11-segmented. Antennal club symmetrical, sensorial fields absent. Front coxal cavities externally closed, internally open. Pronotum transverse. Prepectus present. Middle coxal cavities open. Elytra: long hairs absent. Epipleuron wide. Elytral interlocking mechanism absent, carinae conspicuous. Elytral punctation regular, scales present. Wing: radial cell oblong (or reduced), wedge cell small ( Peltis ), cross vein MP3-4 present, cross vein AA1+2-3+4 absent. Front tibiae: spines along side moderate. Hooked spur present. Claws: denticle absent. Parasternites number along ventrites III-VII: two. Spiculum gastrale present. Tegmen composed of three parts.

Larva: Frontal arms weakly curved. Epicranial stem absent. Endocarina present. Gular sutures conspicuous, parallel. Gula: anterior apodemes absent. Paragular sclerites present. Hypostomal rods absent. Stemmata number: five. Mandibular apical teeth number: two, horizontally situated. Lacinia mandibulae absent. Mola reduced. Maxillary palpi 3-segmented. Cardo-Stipes not fused. Cardo: size much smaller than stipes. Ligula present. Labial palpi 2-segmented. Antennal joints 1 and 2 elongate. Sensory appendix very small. Thoracic sclerites pattern (dorsally) 1-2-2. Thoracic sclerites pattern (ventrally) 0+0+0. Trochanter oblong. Abdominal segment IX not divided. Tergite IX flat. Urogomphi present, hooked; median process absent.

Biology.

Fungivorous. Live under bark of old coniferous trees (fir, pine) and on tree fungi. Calitys scabra was observed together with its larvae, for example, in the old stump of a fir Abies alba in Slovakia (J. Vávra, pers. observ.). Brustel (2009) recorded it from Antrodia sp. polypore fungi in Pyrenées Mts.

Distribution.

Two species Holarctic. Two more species also reported from South Africa, of which Calitys spinifera is unknown to me. I studied a single Calitys africana non-type specimen in the Musée d’Histoire Naturelle in Geneva in 2003. It does not belong to Cleroidea .

Species:

Calitys africana Boheman, 1848; Caffraria (AL)

Léveillé, A. 1910: 24. Kolibáč, J., 2003: unpublished observation of non-type specimen in MHN Geneve: not Cleroidea . Reitter, E. 1876: 44. ( Nosodes africana )

Calitys minor Hatch, 1962; USA, Canada (JRB)

Barron, J. R. 1971: 23. Hatch, M. H. 1962: 189

Calitys scabra Thunberg, 1784; Europe, Siberia to Far East, North Africa(?), USA, Canada (varA)

Léveillé, A. 1910: 24. Barron, J. R. 1971: 19. Barron, J. R. 1971: 20 (syn. Bolitophagus silphides Newman, 1838, synonymized by whom?). Barron, J. R. 1971: 20 (syn. Peltis serrata LeConte, 1859, synonymized by whom?). Barron, J. R. 1971: 20 (syn. Silpha dentata Fabricius, 1787, synonymized by whom?). Borowiec, L. 1983: 11. Brustel, H. 2009: 227-232 (biology). Burakowski, B. et al. 1986: 118. Dajoz, R. 1997: 44 (ecology). Hansen, S. O. & Borgersen, B. 1991: 40 (distribution in Norway). Klausnitzer, B. 1976: 5. Klausnitzer, B. 1996: 155 (larva). Klausnitzer, B. 1978: 176. Kolibáč, J. 1993a: 20 (key). Kolibáč, J. 1993b: 90. Kolibáč, J. 2005: 49 (redescription). Kolibáč, J. 2006: 106 (larva). Kolibáč, J. 2007a: 364. Kolibáč, J. et al. 2005: 132 (key). Mitter, H. 1998: 560. Pileckis, S. & V. Monsevičius 1995: 273. Reitter, E. 1876: 44 ( Nosodes ). Vogt, H. 1967: 16

Calitys spinifera Reitter, 1877; Cap (AL)

Léveillé, A. 1910: 24

Calitys sp.

Beutel, R. G. & Pollock, D. A. 2000: 826 (larva, morphology). Beutel, R. G. & Ślipiński, S. A. 2001: 219

† " Calitys " sp.

Larsson, S. G. 1978: 150 (fossil, Baltic amber)

Figures

Map 1. A distribution of the tribe Calityini.

Figure 3. A Calitys scabra B Larinotus umblicatus C Acalanthis quadrisignata D Calanthosoma flavomaculata E Calanthosoma (syn. Marnia) sipolisi F Egolia variegata G Necrobiopsis tasmanicus.

Figure 13. A-B Calitys scabra (A head and pronotum B elytral apex with interlocking mechanism) C-D Acalanthis quadrisignata (C apex of protibia with hooked spur and lateral spines D sculpture of frons with punctures conjoined into wrinkles) E-H Gymnocheilis sp., Cameroon (E head F protibia G elytral apex H detail of scales).