Leperina Erichson, 1844

Kolibac, Jiri, 2013, Trogossitidae: A review of the beetle family, with a catalogue and keys, ZooKeys 366, pp. 1-194 : 27-30

Genus Leperina Erichson, 1844 Figs 4 , 5 ; Map 4

Leperina Erichson, W. F. 1844: 453.

Type species.

Trogosita decorata Erichson, 1842 [designated by Kolibáč 2005]

Léveillé, A. 1910: 21. Crowson, R. A. 1964a: 299. Kolibáč, J. 2005: 65 (redescription). Kolibáč, J. 2006: 111 (phylogeny). Kolibáč, J. 2007a: 364. Kolibáč, J. 2009: 127 ( Lepidopteryx ). Leschen, R. A. B. & Lackner, T. 2013: 289. Matthews, E. G. 1992: 3 (key, Lepidopteryx ). Reitter, E. 1876: 35

Onyschomorpha Arrow, 1900 [Type species: Onyschomorpha marmorata Arrow, 1900; synonymized by Kolibáč, J. 2005: 65]

Léveillé, A. 1910: 23 ( Onyschomorpha ). Kolibáč, J. 2007a: 364 ( Onyschomorpha , as a synonym)

Remarks.

There has been a lack of clarity about the names Leperina and Lepidopteryx in the last decade or so. Leperina tended to be used by European authors while their overseas, mainly antipodean, colleaguespreferred Lepidopteryx . I referred - correctly - to the genus as Leperina in 2005, 2006 and in Catalogue of Palaearctic Beetles edited by I. Löbl and A. Smetana ( Kolibáč 2007a). Unfortunately, swayed by various sources, I mistakenly changed the name Leperina to Lepidopteryx in the Errata to Volume 4 of the “Catalogue” ( Kolibáč 2009, Löbl and Smetana 2010).

Schawaller (1993: 2) considered Lepidopteryx a synonym of Leperina because of " invalid description " of the genus.

Most recently, Leschen and Lackner (2013: 289) justified the name Leperina in their review of the Pacific Gymnochilini thus: "[...] Gymnocheilis Dejean, 1835 and Lepidopteryx Hope, 1840, are objective synonyms because they share type species (Dejean, 1835: 314 listed three species under his genus, but two are nomina nuda). The type species of Lepidopteryx and Gymnocheilis ( Trogositas quamosa Gray in Griffith & Pidgeon, 1832 a synonym of Trogositavaria Fabricius, 1801: 151) was described from ‘Melville’s Island’, but the figure of this species matches African species of Gymnocheilis Dejean with split-eyes and, therefore, the taxa contained within Gymnocheilis are not relevant phylogenetically to true Leperina nor Phanodesta (all with normal eyes). Gymnocheilis Dejean, 1835 has priority of the later name Gymnochila Erichson, 1844 [type species: Trogosita vestita Griffith, 1832, by monotypy, a synonym of Gymnochila varia (Fabricius, 1801) according to Léveillé, 1910: 22], although Reitter (1876: 37) placed Lepidopteryx as a synonym of Gymnochila . Note that White (1846) misspelled Gymnocheilis as Gymnocheila and wrongly attributed the name to Gray. "

Description

(according to Leschen and Lackner 2013). Body size: 5.5-15.6 mm. Colour of body black and red-brown, unicolorous to multicoloured. Dorsal vestiture consisting of scales. Head extending beyond anterior angles of pronotum. Frons more or less horizontal with mandibles visible dorsally. Median lobe of clypeus absent. Edge of labrum weakly emarginate or straight. Eyes entire. Gena acute. Supraocular scales present or absent. Antenna 11-segmented with loose antennal club, lengths of antennomeres II and III equal or not; antennomere XI distinctly longer than wide and circular, about as long as wide. Prothorax with lateral carinae simple, weakly or unevenly crenulate; anterior angles projecting or acute; posterior angles of prothorax angulate. Pronotal surface generally uneven, punctation uniform or not with or without median glabrous areas; centre of disc usually bearing scales. Procoxae visible in lateral view. Hypomeron with or without scales, setose or glabrous; anterior portion rugose. Length of elytra 2.5-4 × as long as pronotum or greater; disc with three simple carinae that are not beaded; sublateral keel absent; intercarinal space multipunctate; window punctures present and tuberculate; intercarinal scales of elytral disc variable, from very short and oval that may be countersunk within punctures to elongate with lengths at least 2.5 × longer than wide; lateral carina simple; epipleuron hidden in lateral view. Hind wings present, fully developed; MP3 spur present ( Kukalová-Peck and Lawrence 1993). Aedeagus ( Kolibáč 2005) with parameres apically rounded to acute, inner outline between parameres bisinuate, weakly sinuate, or straight, length of parameres variable, median strut acute. Protibial edge spinate, mucro absent or weakly developed, spurs longer than tarsomere 2 with anteriormost spur greatly enlarged.

A description by Kolibáč (2005) based on Leperina decorata : Body shape elongate. Gular sutures wide, convergent at apex. Frontoclypeal suture absent. Frons: longitudinal groove or depression absent. Cranium ventrally: tufts of long setae at sides present. Submentum: ctenidium present. Antennal groove present. Eyes: size large, dorsal. Eyes number: two. Epicranial acumination deep. Lacinial hooks absent. Galea: shape clavate. Galea: ciliate setae absent. Mediostipes-Lacinia fused together. Palpifer: outer edge even. Mandibular apical teeth number: two, horizontally situated. Mola reduced but present. Penicillus (at base) present (fine, often membranous). Pubescence above mola or cutting edge absent. Ventral furrow absent. Basal notch shallow or absent. Labrum-Cranium not fused. Epipharyngial sclerite present. Lateral tormal process: projection curved downwards, processes not connected ( Airora ). Ligula: ciliate setae absent. Ligula rigid, not retroflexed, weakly emarginate. Hypopharyngeal sclerite consisting of two separate parts. Antenna 11-segmented. Antennal club asymmetrical, sensorial fields present. Front coxal cavities externally closed, internally open. Pronotum transverse. Prepectus present. Middle coxal cavities open. Elytra: long hairs absent. Epipleuron moderate. Elytral interlocking mechanism present, carinae conspicuous. Elytral punctation regular, scales present. Wing: radial cell triangular, wedge cell present, cross vein MP3-4 present, cross vein AA1+2-3+4 present. Front tibiae: spines along side moderate. Hooked spur present. Claws: denticle absent. Parasternites number along ventrites III-VII: two. Spiculum gastrale absent. Tegmen composed of three parts.

Biology.

Both larva and adult are predatory. Leperina decorata and Leperina monilata were found in stems of Eucalyptus obliqua , where they were preying on larvae of Epithora dorsalis ( Bashford 1994). The latter author notes a single-year life-cycle for the Leperina species (referred as Lepidopteryx ). Adults have also been reared on Acacia dealbata ( Bashford 1991).

Distribution.

Australia incl. Tasmania, New Zealand, New Caledonia, New Guinea.

Species:

Leperina adusta Pascoe, 1860; Melbourne (AL)

Léveillé, A. 1910: 21

Leperina burnettensis MacLeay, 1871; Gayndah (AL)

Léveillé, A. 1910: 21

Leperina cincta Léveillé, 1889; New Zealand (AL)

Léveillé, A. 1910: 21

Leperina cirrosa Pascoe, 1860; Moreton Bay (AL)

Léveillé, A. 1910: 21. Hawkeswood, T. J. 1991: 159 (biology, Lepidopteryx ). Hawkeswood, T. J. 1992: 229 (biology, Lepidopteryx )

Leperina conspicua Olliff, 1885; Australia (AL)

Léveillé, A. 1910: 21

Leperina decorata Erichson, 1842; Tasmania (AL)

Léveillé, A. 1910: 21. Kolibáč, J. 2005: 65 (redescription)

Léveillé, A. 1910: 21 (syn. Leperina gayndahensis MacLeay, 1871); (Gayndah)

Leperina fraterna Olliff, 1885; Australia (AL)

Léveillé, A. 1910: 21

Leperina lacera Pascoe, 1860; Viti Isl. (AL)

Léveillé, A. 1910: 21. Léveillé, A. 1910: 21 (syn. Leperina signoreti Reitter, 1876). Kukalová-Peck, J. & Lawrence, J. F. 1993: 243 (morphology of wing)

Leperina lichenea Fauvel, 1866; New Caledonia (AL)

Léveillé, A. 1910: 21

Leperina lifuana Fauvel, 1903; Lifu Isl. (AL)

Léveillé, A. 1910: 21

Leperina loriae Léveillé, 1893; New Guinea (AL)

Léveillé, A. 1910: 21

Leperina marmorata Arrow, 1900 ( Onyschomorpha ); Christmas Isl. (AL)

Léveillé, A. 1910: 23 ( Onyschomorpha Arrow, 1900)

Leperina mastersi MacLeay, 1869; Gayndah (AL)

Léveillé, A. 1910: 21

Leperina monilata Pascoe, 1872 (= moniliata Blackburn, 1902); Australia (AL)

Léveillé, A. 1910: 22. Reitter, E. 1876: 31 ( Peltis )

Leperina opatroides Léveillé, 1884; New Guinea (AL)

Léveillé, A. 1910: 22

Leperina seposita Olliff, 1885; Australia (AL)

Léveillé, A. 1910: 22

Leperina spercheoides Léveillé, 1878; New Caledonia (AL)

Léveillé, A. 1910: 22

Leperina turbata Pascoe, 1863; Australia (AL)

Léveillé, A. 1910: 22. Léveillé, A. 1910: 22 (syn. Leperina fasciculata Redtenbacher, 1868)

Figures

Figure 4. A Anacypta sp., Vietnam B Anacypta punctata C Anacypta sp., Laos D Gymnocheilis subfasciata E Gymnocheilis sp., Ghana F Gymnocheilis varia G Kolibacia regularis H Kolibacia squamulata I Leperina cirrosa.

Map 4. A distribution of the tribe Gymnochilini.

Figure 5. A Xenoglena sp. 1, Vietnam B Xenoglena sp. 2, Vietnam C Xenoglena quadrisignata (cf. yunnanensis) D Leperina (syn. Onyschomorpha) marmorata E Leperina decorata F Narcisa decidua G Narcisa sp., Seram H Phanodesta cribraria, " Chili " I Phanodesta sp., Juan Fernandez Isl. J Seidlitzella procera.