Atrichopogon shawadaua Felippe-Bauer, 2018

Felippe-Bauer, Maria Luiza, 2018, Two new species of Atrichopogon Kieffer from Acre State, Brazil (Diptera: Ceratopogonidae), Zootaxa 4532 (2), pp. 257-265 : 259-263

Atrichopogon shawadaua Felippe-Bauer , sp.nov.

( Figs. 1 ; 4 A–J; 5 A–B).

Diagnosis. Male: Only extant species of Atrichopogon with pigmented wings in Neotropical Region with single gonostylus forked near the base, inner portion smaller than outer portion. Female: Only extant species of Atrichopogon in the Neotropical Region with two distinct darker spots in the wing, uniform color pattern of the antenna and legs, one large ovoid sclerotized spermatheca.

Male: Head ( Fig. 4A ): Pale brown. Head width/mouthpart length 2.37. Ommatidia with interfacet pubescence; broadly abutting medially for length of 4.5 ommatidia ( Fig. 4B ). Antenna pale brown; flagellomeres 2–10 fused; plume on flagellomeres 1–9 well developed; flagellomeres 10–13 not fused, without plume setae; flagellomere 9 = 0.8 x shorter than flagellomere 10; flagellomere 13 with apical projection not basally constricted; AR 0.96. Palpus pale brown; third segment short, swollen at midlength, with moderately deep pit at midlength; segments 4, 5 slightly fused; PR 2.1.

Thorax: Dark brown. Scutum with setae arising directly from surface; with lateral suture. Paratergite with one seta. Anepisternum not visible in slide mounted specimen. Wing ( Fig. 4C ) with patch of pigmentation in area of rm and posterior to apex of R 3; macrotrichiae in apical portion of r 3 and m 1; wing length 1.00 mm; CR 0.70. Halter stem pale brown; knob pale. Legs ( Fig. 4D ) pale brown; hind tibial spur longer than width of hind tibia; empodia present.

Abdomen: Segments 1–8 yellowish brown, with ventrolateral black marks on segments 1–3, 5–6; segments 9, 10 brown. Terminalia brown ( Fig. 5A ): segment 9 equal in width to segment 8; tergite 9 short, not extending to 2/3 of length of gonocoxite, posterior margin rounded. Sternite 9 with ventral surface and posterior margin nearly straight, with scattered transverse row of 10 median, thin setae. Gonocoxite length 3.1 times basal width, without medial lobe, gonocoxal apodeme not evident. Gonostylus forked near the base, inner portion smaller than outer portion. Aedeagal-parameral complex ( Fig. 5B, C ) nearly triangular, dorsal portion bearing four sclerotized projections, two anteroposteriorly directed, two laterally directed; subapical portion speculate ventrolaterally; apical portion bent ventrally; lateral arms sclerotized, directed anterolaterally. Cercus elongate, slightly tapering, apex pointed, extending beyond margin of tergite 9.

Female ( Fig. 4E ). Similar to male, with following differences. Head ( Fig. 4G ): Head width/mouthpart length 2.2; eyes broadly abutting medially for length of 4.5 ommatidia. Antenna pale brown, flagellomeres 1–8 elongate, vasiform, AR 1.38. PR 2.1. Wing ( Fig. 4F ) pattern of pigmented membrane as for male; wing length 1.13 mm. CR 0.71. Legs as in Fig. 4H . Abdomen yellowish brown ( Fig. 4I ): Ventrolateral black marks on segments 1–6, well developed on segments 1–3, 5–6, smaller on segment 4; segments 8–10 pale brown; cercus yellowish brown. Genitalia ( Fig. 4J ): one dark brown ovoid spermatheca, measuring 125 x 80 µm, neck not visible.

Types. Holotype male, on microscope slide labeled “ Parque Nacional da Serra do Divisor (8°24’19” S; 72°51’28” W), Acre, BRASIL, 14–15.III.1997, malaise trap, open forest with palm trees, Ouro Preto River, E.F. Morato col.” ( INPA) . Paratype female, same data as holotype ( INPA) .

Etymology. This species is named in honor of the Arara Shawadaua Indians, inhabitants of the southwest lands of Acre State, for its commitment to fight acculturation processes throughout Brazilian history until the present day.

Taxonomic Discussion. Males and females of Atrichopogon nukini and A. shawadaua were associated by their similar wing pigmentation pattern and were collected at the same locality and date. The new species have wings with two distinct darker spots, one over r-m and the other one in cell r 3 posterior to apex of R 3 (distal 1/3 of the wing entirely in dark band in A. maculipennis Clastrier ; dark band in distal 1/3 of the wing with two elliptic pale spots in A. cavus Felippe-Bauer ). Males of the new species can be separated from the other species with similar wing pattern by the characters included in their diagnosis and the key. The female of A. nukini has slightly smaller length of the wing (1.02–1.10 mm) compared to other Neotropical species with similar wing pattern as A. bicuspis Borkent & Picado (1.14–1.26 mm), A. casali Cavalieri & Chiossone (1.18–1.24 mm), A. dactilus Felippe-Bauer (1.15–1.22 mm), A. nebulosus Macfie (1.5 mm) and A. nubeculosus Macfie (1.3 mm), and smaller spermatheca 88 x 77 µm (130 x 74 µm in A. casali , 172 x 116 µm in A. castrieri Spinelli & Marino , 130 x 85 µm in A. dactilus , 120 x 75 µm in A. nubeculosus , 125 x 80 µm, in A. shawadaua sp.nov.). Although we can observe some differences between females of above mentioned species, it is strongly recommended to associate them with males collected in the same samples.

Additionally, we were unable to analyze the type material from A. nebulosus Macfie and A. nubeculosus Macfie that are only known by single female specimens. In the original description, A. nebulosus , from Santa Catarina, Brazil, has contrasting coloration of the antenna with flagellomeres 9–13 darker than flagellomeres 1–8 and A. nubeculosus from tropical Mexico has lightly sclerotized spermatheca. Only A. clastrieri Spinelli & Marino has contrasting coloration of the antenna with flagelloremeres 1–8 darker than flagellomeres 9–13 and lightly sclerotized spermatheca. The other species of Neotropical Atrichopogon with pigmented wings have uniformly coloration of the antenna and highly sclerotized spermatheca. Therefore, the conspecificity of these two Macfie species with any of above mentioned species should be unlikely. However, it is important to capture males specimens for better identification of these species.

Figures

FIGURE 1. Map with distribution of Atrichopogon nukini and A. shawadaua in Serra do Divisor National Park, showing Rio Branco, capital of Acre State, Brazil.

FIGURE 4. Atrichopogon shawadaua sp. nov. Male. A. Head, anterior view; B. Eyes separation, anterior view; C. Wing; D. Fore, mid- and hind legs (left to right), lateral view. Female. E. Adult, lateral view; F. Wing; G. Head, anterior view; H. Fore, mid- and hind legs (left to right), lateral view; I. Abdomen, ventral view; J. Spermatheca.

FIGURE 5. Atrichopogon shawadaua sp. nov., male. A. Terminalia, ventral view; B. Aedeagal-parameral complex, ventral view; C. Aedeagal-parameral complex, dorsal view.