Kronopolites Attems, 1914

Likhitrakarn, Natdanai, Golovatch, Sergei I. & Panha, Somsak, 2015, Review of the millipede genus Kronopolites Attems, 1914 (Diplopoda, Polydesmida, Paradoxosomatidae), with the description of a new species from Laos, ZooKeys 472, pp. 27-41 : 28

Taxon classification Animalia Polydesmida Paradoxosomatidae

Genus Kronopolites Attems, 1914

Kronopolites Attems 1914: 219 (D).

Kronopolites - Attems 1929: 272 (D); 1931: 113 (D); 1936: 225 (D); 1937: 49 (D); Verhoeff 1939: 274 (D); Takashima 1950: 38 (M); Takakuwa 1954: 30 (D); Hoffman 1963: 579 (D); 1980: 169 (M); Jeekel 1968: 71 (R); 1971: 225 (M); 1982: 243 (M); 1988: 98 (M); Chen et al. 2006: 252 (M); Golovatch 2009: 121 (D); 2013a: 12 (M); Nguyen and Sierwald 2013: 1287 (M).

Kansupus Verhoeff 1934: 17 (D), synonymized by Attems (1936: 233).

Kansupus - Jeekel 1971: 225 (M); Hoffman 1980: 169 (M).

Parakansupus Verhoeff 1939: 273 (D), synonymized by Hoffman (1963: 579).

Parakansupus - Jeekel 1971: 230 (M); Hoffman 1980: 169 (M).

Diagnosis.

Body medium-sized to large (ca 23-42 mm long, ca 1.6-6.5 mm wide), with 20 segments. Paraterga from poorly to strongly developed, mostly without lateral incisions. Transverse metatergal sulcus distinct. Sterna usually modified, an acute cone often present near each coxa. Sternal lobe or cone(s) between ♂ coxae 4 present or absent. Pleurosternal carinae usually well-developed.

Gonopods rather simple to relatively complex; coxites elongate, subcylindrical, distoventrally sparsely setose, without tubercles; prefemoral (= setose) part of telopodite moderate to relatively large, 1/3-1/2 as long as acropodite; femorite rather slender to stout, slightly curved, enlarged distad, with an evident groove on mesal face and a distinct distolateral sulcus demarcating a postfemoral part; the latter typically carrying a fork consisting of two lateral/ventral processes: usually a smaller basal process b with its tip pointed basad to prefemoral part, and a larger, normally suberect or ventrally curved process a; solenophore strongly developed, slender, slightly longer than or nearly as long as femorite, strongly curved mesad, sometimes with a membranous, distally strongly expanded end, almost completely sheathing a flagelliform and longer solenomere; seminal groove running entirely or mostly mesally along an excavate femorite, then directed slightly dorsad in distal part of femorite to follow onto solenomere thereafter.

Type species.

Strongylosoma swinhoei Pocock, 1895, by original designation.

Other species included.

Kronopolites acuminatus Attems, 1937, Kronopolites formosanus (Verhoeff, 1939), Kronopolites biagrilectus Hoffman, 1963, Kronopolites fuscocingulatus Jeekel, 1982, Kronopolites occidentalis Golovatch, 1983, Kronopolites montanus Golovatch, 2009, Kronopolites rugosus Golovatch, 2013, Kronopolites semirugosus Golovatch, 2013, Kronopolites davidiani Golovatch, 2014, Kronopolites lunatus sp. n.

Remarks.

Pocock (1895) described the type species in Strongylosoma Brandt, 1833, from a single female from Chee Foo, China. Soon after that Brölemann (1896), having received a male of this species from Chou-San Island, China, gave a more detailed description, including that of gonopod structure. Attems (1914) proposed a new genus, Kronopolites , and designated Strongylosoma swinhoei as type species.