Memoan Silveira & Mermudes, 2013

Campello, Lucas, Vaz, Stephanie, Mermudes, Jose R. M., Ferreira, Andre L. D. & Silveira, Luiz F. L., 2022, Comparative morphology and key to Amydetinae genera, with description of three new firefly species (Coleoptera, Lampyridae), ZooKeys 1114, pp. 131-166 : 131

publication ID	https://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1114.77692
publication LSID	lsid:zoobank.org:pub:D865EE03-6617-4BA1-8064-BBEE3AC72758
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scientific name	Memoan Silveira & Mermudes, 2013
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Memoan Silveira & Mermudes, 2013 View in CoL

Figs 2 View Figure 2 , 3 View Figure 3 , 4 View Figure 4 , 5 View Figure 5 , 6 View Figure 6 , 7 View Figure 7 , 8 View Figure 8

Memoan Silveira & Mermudes, 2013; Silveira and Mer mudes 2014a: 204; Silveira and Mermudes 2014b: 325; Silveira et al. 2015: 359; Silveira et al. 2016a: 11; Silveira et al. 2016b: 56; Souto et al. 2019: 2; Campello-Gonçalves et al. 2019: 59; Martin et al. 2019: 3; Nunes et al. 2019: 562; Nunes et al. 2020: 4, 7, 8.

New diagnosis.

Vertex straight (Fig. 3C View Figure 3 ); frons convex in lateral view (Fig. 3D View Figure 3 ); labrum connate to fronto-clypeus, frontoclypeo-labral suture obliterate (Fig. 3C View Figure 3 ); gular margins contiguous and straight (Fig. 3B View Figure 3 ); antenna serrate, with ten antennomeres (Fig. 3G, H View Figure 3 ); pronotum rectangular, with punctures contiguous or separated by 0.1 × the puncture width, except for two raised tubercles on the posterior ½ of the disc with sides divergent posteriorly (Figs 4A View Figure 4 , 6A View Figure 6 ); elytron slightly dehiscent (i.e., sinuose inner margin) (Fig. 6A-C View Figure 6 ); suture between mesanepisternum and mesoventrite visible (Fig. 5C View Figure 5 ); metathoracic discrimen as long as 3/4 of sternite length (Fig. 5C View Figure 5 ); lanterns occupying the entire area of sternite VI and VII (Figs 2A View Figure 2 , 7A View Figure 7 ); pygidium with posterior margin bisinuate (Fig. 8E View Figure 8 ); ventral plate of phallus deeply bilobate (Fig. 8C View Figure 8 ), phallobase symmetrical (Fig. 8A-C View Figure 8 ).

Redescription.

Male. Head. Capsule 1.5 × wider than long (Fig. 3A View Figure 3 ); vertex straight (Fig. 3C View Figure 3 ); eyes separated by 2/3 of head width in frontal view (Fig. 3C View Figure 3 ) and each eye as wide as 2/3 of head width in dorsal view (Fig. 3A View Figure 3 ); frons raised and convex in lateral view (Fig. 3D View Figure 3 ); labrum connate to fronto-clypeus, frontoclypeo-labral suture obliterate (Fig. 3C View Figure 3 ); gular margins contiguous and straight (Fig. 3B View Figure 3 ); antennal insertion with outer margin straight, inner margin rounded, as wide as labrum (Fig. 3C View Figure 3 ). Antenna serrate, with 10 antennomeres (Fig. 3G, H View Figure 3 ; but may the apical antennomere may be subdivided; see Discussion), as long as 1/2 of body length (Fig. 2A-C View Figure 2 ); pedicel as long as wide (Fig. 3G View Figure 3 ); antennomere IV 1.5 × longer than III, V-IX subequal in length, X as long as IV (Fig. 3G, H View Figure 3 ). Maxillary palp with palpomeres I and III 2 × wider than long (Fig. 3A-D View Figure 3 ), II and IV 1.5 × wider than long. Labial palp with one or two palpomeres, apical palpomere digitiform (Fig. 3B, F View Figure 3 ; Silveira and Mermudes 2013: fig. 5). Mentum completely longitudinally divided (Fig. 3B View Figure 3 ); gular margins contiguous and straight (Fig. 3B View Figure 3 ). Occipital foramen ellipsoid in posterior view (Fig. 3E, F View Figure 3 ). Thorax. Pronotum rectangular (Fig. 4A, B View Figure 4 ), 2 × longer than head length in ventral view (Fig. 2A View Figure 2 ), 1.5 × longer than wide in dorsal view (Fig. 4A View Figure 4 ), with punctures contiguous or separated by 0.1 puncture width, except for two elongate tubercles on the posterior 1/2 of the disc, sides of tubercles divergent posteriorly (Figs 4A View Figure 4 , 6A View Figure 6 ); hypomeron 2.5 × longer than tall (Fig. 4C View Figure 4 ), with punctures contiguous or separated by 0.1 × the puncture width (Fig. 4C View Figure 4 ); prosternum 0.5 × as wide as pronotum in ventral view (Fig. 4B View Figure 4 ); proendosternite as long as 1/5 of prosternum width (Fig. 4B View Figure 4 ). Mesocutellum with wide, irregular shaped punctures, contiguous or separated by 0.1 × puncture width (Fig. 5A View Figure 5 ). Elytron slightly dehiscent (i.e. sinuose inner margin), each subparallel-sided (Fig. 6A-C View Figure 6 ), almost 6 × longer than wide. Hind wing (Fig. 6D View Figure 6 ) with vein r4 poorly sclerotized apically; radial cell poorly sclerotized posteriorly, 2 × to 3 × wider than long; vein r3 present or absent, vein CuA1 and CuA3+4 present or absent, vein J evanescent as long as 1/4 AP3+4 length (Fig. 6D View Figure 6 , Silveira and Mermudes 2013: fig. 8). Metanotum 1.5 × wider than long, posterior margin straight, allocrista distinct, well-sclerotized (Fig. 5B View Figure 5 ). Mesoventrite sclerotized (Fig. 5C View Figure 5 ), posterior margin rounded; suture between mesanepisternum and mesoventrite visible (Fig. 5C View Figure 5 ); mesendosternum with irregular flap-like projections (Fig. 5E View Figure 5 ); metaendosternum spatulate, diamond-shaped (Fig. 5D View Figure 5 ); metathoracic discrimen as long as 3/4 of sternite length (Fig. 5C View Figure 5 ). Tibial spurs absent (Fig. 6E-G View Figure 6 ), procoxa distally constricted, femur as long as tibia, tarsus I>V>II>IV>III (Fig. 6E-G View Figure 6 ). Abdomen. Lanterns occupying the entire area of sternite VI and VII (Figs 2A View Figure 2 , 7A View Figure 7 ); sternite VIII 3 × wider than long, lateral margins rounded, posterior margin mucronate (Fig. 8E View Figure 8 ). Sternite IX symmetrical (Fig. 8D View Figure 8 ), 3 × longer than wide, posterior margin rounded. Pygidium as long as wide (Fig. 8F View Figure 8 ), posterior margin bisinuate, posterolateral angles acute, median 1/3 extending slightly beyond posterolateral angles. Phallus with dorsal and ventral plates overlapping mesal concavity of phallobase (Fig. 8A-C View Figure 8 ); dorsal plate shorter than ventral plate, ventral plate deeply cleft medially, forming two lobes, apical lobes bent dorsad; parameres symmetrical and broadly rounded at apex in dorsal and lateral views, anterior margin rounded, apically separated from each other and 0.5 × shorter than phallus; phallobase symmetrical (Fig. 8A-C View Figure 8 ).

Females and immature stages. Unknown.

Remarks.

The discovery of a second species of Memoan (see below) called for an updated diagnosis for this genus. Memoan is distinguishable from other amydetine genus by their serrate antennae. Silveira and Mermudes (2013) pointed out that Memoan shares the following traits with the other amydetine genera: continuous glow (present in Amydetes spp. and Magnoculus spp.); eyes ventrally close-set (present in some species of Magnoculus ; Constantin 2011); labial and maxillary apical palpomere with rounded apex (present in Amydetes spp. and Magnoculus spp.); punctures wide and irregularly outlined on pronotum and scutellum, sometimes on hypomeron as well (widespread in Magnoculus spp., absent from disc in Amydetes spp.). Recent phylogenetic studies based on molecular data corroborate a placement in Amydetinae ( Martin et al. 2019). The evolutionary history of these traits is yet to be assessed.