Hovorodon subcancellatum ( Thomson, 1867 )

Santos-Silva, Antonio, Swift, Ian P. & Nearns, Eugenio H., 2010, Division of the genus Nothopleurus Lacordaire, 1869 (Coleoptera: Cerambycidae: Prioninae), Zootaxa 2643, pp. 1-44 : 28-37

Hovorodon subcancellatum ( Thomson, 1867)

( Figs. 15, 16 , 28, 29 , 43, 44, 45 , 61 , 69, 73 , 77 )

Mallodon subcancellatum Thomson, 1867: 102 ; 1878: 5 (types); Lameere, 1902: 98 (syn.).

Mallodon subcancellatus ; Gemminger & Harold, 1872: 2771 (cat.).

Stenodontes (Nothopleurus) subcancellatum Lameere, 1915: 51 (reval.); 1919: 33.

Stenodontes (Mallodon) subcancellatus ; Monné & Giesbert, 1994: 6 (checklist).

Nothopleurus subcancellatus ; Fragoso & Monné, 1995: 222; Monné, 1995: 14 (cat.); Santos-Silva & Martins, 2005: fig. 16; Monné & Hovore, 2005: 13 (checklist); 2006: 13 (checklist); Monné, 2006: 56 (cat.).

Male ( Fig. 15 ). Dorsal face of head wholly coarsely, confluently punctate. Area behind upper ocular lobe coarsely punctate; area behind lower ocular lobe rough. Clypeus slightly elevated laterally; anteriorly distinctly and widely emarginated centrally. Central projection of labrum triangular and slightly projected. Distance between upper ocular lobes 3.5 times width of scape at apex; distance between lower ocular lobes 3.8 times width of scape at apex. Hypostomal area ( Fig. 28 ) tumid, strongly depressed at centro-basal area, wholly micropunctate; area tumid with dense and fine punctures at central area near gula, gradually coarser and confluent towards hypostomal carina and mentum; area depressed vermiculate-punctate; setation short and sparse in tumid area, and slightly longer and more dense on depressed area. Hypostomal carina ( Fig. 28 ) not elevated throughout. Apex of gena slightly projected laterally. Maxillary palpomere III as longer than IV. Apex of labial palps attaining or not maxillary palpomere IV. Galea slightly surpassing apex of maxillary palpomere I.

Mandibles ( Fig. 15 ) as long as head; dorsal carina ( Figs. 43, 44 ) strongly elevated, somewhat thickened throughout, obliquely sloped near the apex; latero-outer face oblique, with punctures fine and disperse; setation of outer face moderately long and dense at base, and shorter and almost absent in remaining areas; setation of inner face long and dense throughout; infero-inner margin projected in plate at apical half, three large teeth present; apex narrow, curved inward, with outer tooth long and acute, and inner tooth short. Scape attaining or almost surpassing the posterior edge of eyes. Antennomere III slightly longer than IV. Facets of pronotal disc relatively small, irregular, placed at anterior half, wholly finally punctate, but more shining and less punctate than remaining surface. Anterior angles of pronotum distinctly projected forward; lateral angles distinctly projected; posterior angles almost absent. Elytra wholly glabrous. Metepisternum ( Fig. 61 ) slightly narrowed and not concave at inner margin (width at central region approximately 0.25 times length). Genitalia ( Figs. 69, 73 ).

Female ( Fig. 16 ). Central area of dorsal face of head as in male, with similar variation. Area behind upper ocular lobes as in male. Distance between upper ocular lobes 3.3 times width of scape at apex; distance between lower ocular lobes 3.6 times width of scape at apex. Gena as in male. Hypostomal area ( Fig. 29 ) not tumid, punctate-vermiculate throughout, without transverse furrow at anterior edge, uniformly sloped from gula to mentum, sometimes with antero-central area depressed. Mandibles ( Fig. 45 ) with short and sparse setae at base of outer face. Lateral angles of pronotum very projected, sub-spiniform. Elytra as in male. Width of metepisternum 0.30 times length.

Variation. Male: central area of dorsal face of head, between eyes, with punctures partially not confluent, and somewhat smaller than punctures close to eyes; punctures of dorsal face of head, between the eyes and occiput, partially not confluent; area behind upper ocular lobe confluently punctate; anterior margin of labrum uniformly rounded; distance between upper ocular lobes from 3.4 to 4.0 times width of scape at apex; distance between lower ocular lobes from 3.6 to 4.4 times width of scape at apex; dorsal carina narrow throughout; setation of outer face of mandible short and sparse at base; facets of pronotal disc sparsely punctate; facets of pronotal disc large; lateral angles of pronotum distinctly rounded; elytra with very short and sparse setae near humeri; metepisternum slightly concave; width of metepisternum at central region from 0.25 to 0.30 times length.

Female: area behind upper ocular lobes rough; distance between upper ocular lobes from 3.0 to 3.4 times width of scape at apex; distance between lower ocular lobes from 3.1 to 3.8 times width of scape at apex; apex of genae not projected forward; hypostomal area somewhat depressed.

Dimensions in mm (male/female). Total length (including mandibles), 25.0–48.4/36.0–45.4; prothoracic length, 4.5–8.7/5.9–7.8; anterior prothoracic width (between apices of anterior angles), 6.2–12.5/7.5–9.4; posterior prothoracic width (between apices of lateral angles), 7.4–14.5/9.9–13.4; humeral width, 7.7–13.6/ 10.6–13.5; elytral length, 17.0–29.5/25.4–30.3.

Types, type-locality. Syntypes males, from Brazil, deposited at MNHN. Thomson (1867) did not specify how many specimens he had, but according to Tavakilian & Chevillotte (1999) there are two syntypes.

Geographical distribution ( Fig. 77 ). Brazil [Bahia, Minas Gerais, Rio de Janeiro, Santa Catarina ( Fragoso & Monné 1995), São Paulo (Monné 1995), Goiás, Minas Gerais (new record)].

Material examined. BRAZIL, Goiás: Vianópolis, 2 males, XI.1931, R. Spitz col. ( MZSP). Minas Gerais: Água Suja, male, 5.XI.1919, Stain col. ( MZSP). Espirito Santo: Santa Teresa, male, II.1964, C. T. Elias col. ( MZSP). São Paulo: Botucatu, female, 2.XII.1971, A. Netto col. ( MZSP); male, 14.XI.1972, Maria A. col. ( MZSP); male, 29.V.1974, Valemia col. ( MZSP); male, 21.XI.1978, M. Barros col. ( MZSP); female, 29.XI.1978, Alexandre col. ( MZSP); Castilho (left margin Road Paraná), male, X.1964, Expedição Museu de Zoologia col. ( MZSP); Guarujá, male, 16.XII.1926, Melzer col. ( MZSP); Mongaguá, female, 15.XII.2006, P. L. Soto col. ( MZSP); Pindamonhangaba (Eugênio Lefévre; 1200 m), female, 24.I.1963, Expedição Museu Zoologia col. ( MZSP); Piracicaba, male, 20.X.1960, K. Reichardt col. ( MZSP); Pirassununga, male, [no date indicated], J. Gaspar col. ( MZSP).

Comments. The general appearance of Hovorodon subcancellatum is very similar to that of the species of Mallodon . It differs mainly by the hypostomal area of males being tumid, and by the narrower metepisterna.

As noted earlier, Lameere (1902) hesitantly placed Mallodon subcancellatum in synonymy with Stenodontes (Nothopleurus) bituberculatus , and noted that the specimens in Thomson’s collection were likely mislabeled. Later, Lameere (1915) revalidated the species: “La collection renferme un exemplaire malle d’un Nothopleurus qui répond complètement à la description du Mallodon subcancellatum J. Thoms. que j’aien eu le tort de paser en synonymie”. However, the specimen examined by Lameere may not have been the same species in Thomson’s collection. According to Lameere (op.cit.), the metepisterna are concave, which does not agree with the specimens from Brazil.

Inexplicably, although Lameere (1915) affirmed that the specimen examined by him was from “Amérique méridionale”, he later ( Lameere 1919) recorded the distribution of Stenodontes (Nothopleurus) subcancellatus as “ Haiti?”.

This species appears incorrectly synonymized with Mallodon spinibarbis in Chemsak et al. (1992).

Figures

FIGURES 13 – 16. Habitus. 13. Hovorodon bituberculatum (Palisot de Beauvois, 1805), male; 14. idem, female; 15. Hovorodon subcancellatum (Thomson, 1867), male; 16. idem, female.

FIGURES 21 – 32. Head and prothorax, ventral view. 21. Nothopleurus castaneus, male; 22. idem, female; 23. N. lobigenis, male; 24. idem, female; 25. N. subsulcatus, male; 26. N. madericus, paratype male; 27. idem, female; 28. Hovorodon subcancellatum, male; 29. idem, female; 30. Hovorodon bituberculatum, male; 31. idem, female; 32. Hovorodon maxillosum, male.

FIGURES 33 – 56. 33 – 35, head and prothorax, ventral view: 33. Hovorodon maxillosum, female; 34. H. santacruzensis, paratype male; 35. idem, paratype female. 36 – 52, mandibles: 36. Nothopleurus castaneus, male, dorsal view; 37. idem, female, dorsal view; 38. N. lobigenis, male, dorsal view; 39. idem, female, dorsal view; 40. N. subsulcatus, male, lateral view; 41. N. madericus, male, lateral view; 42. idem, female, dorsal view; 43. Hovorodon subcancellatum, male, dorsal view; 44. idem, male, lateral view; 45. idem, female, dorsal view; 46. H. bituberculatum, male, dorsal view; 47. idem, male, lateral view; 48. idem, female, dorsal view; 49. H. maxillosum, male, dorsal view; 50. idem, female, dorsal view; 51. H. santacruzensis, male, dorsal view; 52. idem, female, dorsal view. 53 – 56, metatarsus: 53. Mallodon downesii Hope, 1843, male, dorsal view; 54. idem, lateral view; 55. M. arabicum, male, dorsal view; 56. idem, male, lateral view.

FIGURES 57 – 64. Metepisternum, male. 57. Nothopleurus castaneus; 58. N. lobigenis; 59. N. subsulcatus; 60. N. madericus; 61. Hovorodon subcancellatum; 62. H. bituberculatum; 63. H. maxillosum; 64. H. santacruzensis.

FIGURES 66 – 74. 66 – 69. Tegmen, lateral view: 66. Nothopleurus castaneus; 67. N. lobigenis; 68. N. subsulcatus; 69. Hovorodon subcancellatus. 70 – 74. Lateral lobes, lateral view: 70. Nothopleurus castaneus; 71. N. lobigenis; 72. N. subsulcatus; 73. H. subcancellatum; 74. H. bituberculatum.

FIGURES 75 – 78. Maps. 75. Distribution of Nothopleurus and Hovorodon; 76. Nothopleurus lobigenis (circle), N. castaneus (square), N. madericus (star); 77. Hovorodon subcancellatum (circle), H. santacruzensis (square); 78. H. bituberculatum (square), H. maxillosum (star), Nothopleurus subsulcatus (circle).