Cylindera (Cylindera) autumnalis, Chou, Ming-Hsun & Yeh, Wen-Bin, 2019

Chou, Ming-Hsun & Yeh, Wen-Bin, 2019, Delineation of two new, highly similar species of Taiwanese Cylindera tiger beetles (Coleoptera, Carabidae, Cicindelinae) based on morphological and molecular evidence, ZooKeys 875, pp. 31-62 : 47-52

Cylindera (Cylindera) autumnalis sp. nov.

Type material.

Holotype: male ( Fig. 26 ; specimen code: AdeC84-3; dry pinned, with aedeagus in glycerol in a separated microvial labeled “AdeC84-3”): Taiwan, Pintung, Shuangliu Forest Recreation Area, 03 Sep. 2018, Ming-Hsun Chou leg. Original label: "Locality: 屏東雙流森林遊樂區 / Date: 2018.IX.03 / Collector: 周明勳 / Code: AdeC84-3"; " NCHU 0011-0736". Dry specimen and aedeagus of holotype deposited in NCHU. Paratypes: 3 males (specimen code: AdeC48-4, AdeC48-5, and AdeC48-8, respectively; dry pinned, with aedeagus in glycerol in a separated microvial, respectively), 1 female (specimen code: AdeC48-1; dry pinned), and 1 female (specimen code: AdeC48-2; dry pinned, with genitalia preserved in glycerol in a separated microvial): Taiwan, Pintung, Shuangliu Forest Recreation Area, 10 Aug. 2017, Ming-Hsun Chou leg. 1 male (specimen code: AdeC78-1; dry pinned, with aedeagus in glycerol in a separated microvial) and 1 female (specimen code: AdeC78-2 ( Fig. 27 ); dry pinned): Taiwan, Pintung, Shuangliu Forest Recreation Area, 21 Jul. 2018, Ming-Hsun Chou leg. 1 male (specimen code: AdeC84-1; dry pinned, with aedeagus in glycerol in a separated microvial) and 1 female (specimen code: AdeC84-2; dry pinned, with geni talia in glycerol in a separated microvial): same collecting information as for holotype. Original labels of paratypes see Table 2 . All dry specimens and genitalia of paratypes deposited in NMNS.

Type locality.

Taiwan, Pintung, Shuangliu Forest Recreation Area.

Diagnosis.

Elytra are metallic brownish and marked with obvious punctures. The apical lunula is thickened in both ends (subapical corner and apical end near suture). Cylindera autumnalis sp. nov. has a different body coloration and more obvious elytral maculation than C. pseudocylindriformis ( Fig. 28 ). The former has few hairs on mesoepisterna in male and on metepisterna in both genders, but the latter’s mesoepisterna and metepisterna are glabrous in both genders. Body size of C. autumnalis sp. nov. male was significantly larger than C. pseudocylindriformis although is not statistically significant in female. Their labrum ( Figs 29-32 , 33-36 ) and male genitalia ( Figs 12 , 13 ) might be poorly distinctive.

Description.

Head metallic bronze with weak greenish luster; genae dark metallic green; canthus with one seta; rugae longitudinal along frons, canthi, vertex, and lateral neck, and becoming transverse on genae; clypeus patina and microsculptured. Compound eyes large and protruding. Antennae slender and filiform; scape with one apical seta; 1-4 antennomeres metallic dark brown; 5-11 ones darker. Mandible yellowish pale with darker teeth, exceeding labrum when closed. Maxillary palps yellowish; last palpomere metallic dark testaceous. Labial palps yellowish; last palpomere metallic dark testaceous. Labrum testaceous; anterior margin rounded and unidentate in female; anterior margin without noticeable tooth or even concaved in male; margin with three or four preapical and two lateral setae ( Figs 29-32 ). Pronotum cylindrical and metallic bronze with little greenish luster; dorsum transversely rugose; one transverse groove on each anterior and posterior dorsum portions, connected with one shal low longitudinal groove. Elytra bronze with metallic luster, slender, and marked with many obvious punctures; humeral spot present; posthumeral spot discoidal or irregular; one triangular spot on middle margin of elytron, connected with one clavate spot but disconnected in some individuals; apical lunula obvious, crescent; both subapical portion and apical end near suture of apical lunula thickened. Legs slender and testaceous, except metallic dark green coxae; some white hairs on coxae and femurs; pro-, mesocoxae, pro- and mesotrochanters with one long seta; pro-tarsi sexually dimorphic, basal 1-3 tarsomeres with short brush-like ventral setae and little wider than four or five tarsomeres in male, all pro-tarsomeres equivalent in width roughly and without brush-like ventral setae in female. Thoracic proepisternum dark metallic green, longitudinally rugose, and glabrous. Prosternum dark metallic green, transversally rugose, glabrous. Mesoepisternum dark metallic green, rugose and longitudinally depressed, with two or three hairs in male but glabrous in female. Mesosternum dark metallic green, transversally rugose, glabrous. Metepisternum dark metallic green, coarsely sculptured, with few hairs. Metasternum dark metallic green, microsculptured, and almost glabrous. Abdomen sternum dark green with little metallic luster, almost hairless, except one pair of long hairs on 4-6 segments. Aedeagus of holotype shown in Fig. 10 . Description same as Results.

Etymology.

During the collection period in 2017 and 2018, this species was collected mostly in August to early September, especially in September. Many individuals could be found in early September when other tiger beetle adults disappeared mostly in that habitat. Thus, the specific name " autumnalis " means the autumnal tiger beetle.

Distribution.

Only known from type locality.

Ecology.

According to field observation, adults live in forest trails in late summer to autumn (late July to September). They crawl on the open ground and fly away for a short distance when being bothered, sometimes hiding in the grass or litters. The other two tiger beetle species which could be also found in the same habitat are C. cylindriformis and Therates alboobliquatus alboobliquatus Horn, 1909. However, adults of these three tiger beetles seem to appear in different seasons. Cylindera cylindriformis adults appear in early to mid-summer, and T. a. alboobliquatus was recorded mainly in mid-summer.

Figures

Figure 28. Dorsal habitus of Cylindera pseudocylindriformis (left - male; right - female).

Figures 26 - 27. Type specimens of Cylindera autumnalis sp. nov. 26 male holotype (AdeC 84 - 3) 27 female paratype (AdeC 78 - 2).

Figures 29 - 32. Digital images (left) and line drawings (right) of labra of Cylindera autumnalis sp. nov. 29, 30 male (holotype, AdeC 84 - 3) 31, 32 female (paratype, AdeC 78 - 2).

Figures 33 - 36. Digital images (left) and line drawings (right) of labra of Cylindera pseudocylindriformis 33, 34 male 35, 36 female.

Figures 12, 13. Digital image of aedeagus in left view of Pintung form (12) and Cylindera pseudocylindriformis (13). Abbreviations: ap arciform piece; cp central plate; f flagellum; p paramere; mt medial tooth; sr stiffening rib.

Figures 9, 10. Digital image of aedeagus in left view of Kosempo form (AdeC 66 - 1) (9) and Cylindera sauteri (10). Abbreviations: ap arciform piece; cp central plate; f flagellum; p paramere; mt medial tooth; sr stiffening rib.