Agilis, agilis Chaudoir

Valim, Ye, Kavanaugh, David H., Shi, Hongliang & Liang, Hongbin, 2011, A key to species of subgenus Lithochlaenius (Coleoptera, Carabidae, Chlaeniini, Chlaenius), with descriptions of three new species, ZooKeys 128, pp. 15-52 : 26-27

Chlaenius (Lithochlaenius) agilis Chaudoir Figs 22-23 36 41 46-49 55, 62-64 69, 76-78 83, 90-92 100, 113-115 123-124 138-143 147 158

Chlaenius latro LaFerté-Sénectère, 1851:250 (unavailable). Nomen nudum stat. n.

Chlaenius agilis Chaudoir, 1856:246; 1876:193; Kryzhanovskij, 1976:12

Chlaenius anchomenoides Bates, 1889:212; Kirschenhofer, 1997:116; Kirschenhofer, 2005:490. syn. n.

Chlaenius nuristanus Jedlička, 1956:194; Kirschenhofer, 2005:490. syn. n.

Chlaenius nuristanus a. rubridipes Jedlička, 1956:194 (not available, ICZN Articles 10A and 45.6.2).

Stenochlaenius anchomenoides Bates: Mandl, 1972:104

Specimens examined.

Total 15 specimens. India: type: male (MNHN), " agilis Chaud, Ind. orient bor. C. Boys."/ "TYPE agilis "/ "Ex Musaeo Chaudoir"/ "agilis Chd"; Cotype: female (MNHN), " agilis Chaud, Ind. orient bor. C. Boys."/ "TYPE agilis"/ "Ex Musaeo Chaudoir"/ "agilis Chd"; Cotype: male (MNHN), " agilis Chaud, Ind. orient bor. C. Boys."/ " latro "; 2 males and 3 females (CASC), "Bajaura, Kongra district (Indes Angl.)"/ "G. Babault, Juin 1914"/ "van Dyke collection"/ " Chlaenius agilis , Chaud., H.E. Andrewes det.". 1 female (CASC), "W. Almora Divn, Kumaon U.P., Apr. 1917, HGC."/ "Van Dyke Collection". Pakistan: Cotype: 2 males (BMNH), "Goorais valley, 7000ft, V. 87"/ "H. E. Andrews Coll. B. M. 1945-97"/ "Ex coll. R. Oberthür” / " Chlaenius anchomenoides Bates, cotype, H. E. Andrews det."/ "Co-type". Afghanistan: 1 female (MNHN), "J. Klapperich, Bashgultal, 1100m, Nuristan, 22.4.53, Afghanistan"/ " Chlaenius nuristanus sp. n, det. ING. JEDLICKA"/ "Type";

Paratype: 2 males (MNHN), "J. Klapperich, Asmar, 900m, Kunartal, 3.4.53, O-Afghanistan"/ " Chlaenius nuristanus sp.n, det. ING. JEDLICKA"/ "PARATYPE"; Type: 1 male (MNHN), "J. Klapperich, Asmar, 900m, Kunartal, 3.4.53, O-Afghanistan"/ " Chlaenius nuristanus a. rubridipes n. det. ING. JEDLICKA"/ "TYPUS"; Cotype: 1 male (MNHN), "J. Klapperich, Asmar, 900m, Kunartal, 3.4.53, O-Afghanistan"/ " Chlaenius nuristanus a. rubridipes n. det. ING. JEDLICKA"/ "Cotype".

Diagnosis.

Antennomere 1 elongate ovoid ( Figs 55, 62-64 ); basal two-thirds of intervals 1-5 glabrous medially, with one row of pubescence laterally near striae ( Figs 83, 90-92 ); aedeagus abruptly bent near base ( Figs 124 , 139, 141, 143 ).

Description.

Total length = 15.50-16.00 mm (mean = 15.50), width = 5.60-6.10 mm (mean = 5.73); HW = 2.75-2.95 mm (mean = 2.82), EYL = 1.00-1.15 mm (mean =1.00), ratio Ant3/Ant1 = 1.67-1.83 (mean = 1.71), PL/PW = 0.84-0.85 (mean = 0.85), EL/EW = 1.63-1.73 (mean = 1.71), EYL/ PL = 1.15-1.44 (mean = 1.34). Mensural data cited in the description were obtained from type and cotype specimens examined.

Head, pronotum and elytra black, with green or blue metallic luster; ventral surface black; mandibles and trochanters dark brown; palpomeres, femora, and tarsomeres brown to dark brown; antennae and tibiae yellow to brown ( Figs 22-23 , 36 - 41 ).

Head with vertex smooth or very sparsely punctate behind eyes; antennomere 1 elongate ovoid ( Figs 55, 62-64 ); labrum slightly emarginate at apex. Pronotum with disk smooth; basal foveae deep, sparsely punctate and pubescent ( Figs 22 , 36, 38 , 40 ). Elytra with intervals convex, basal two-thirds of intervals 1-5 glabrous medially, with one row of pubescence laterally near striae ( Figs 83, 90-92 ), intervals 6-9 and apical one-third of intervals 1-5 densely pubescent; striae deep, punctate; humeral angle obtuse ( Figs 69, 76-78 ). Abdominal sterna IV-VI sparsely pubescent medially; sternum VII rugose-pubescent, narrowly rounded apically in males ( Figs 100, 113-114 ), broadly rounded apically in females ( Fig. 115 ). Aedeagus abruptly bent near base, apical lamella round ( Figs 123 , 138, 140, 142 ), thin and slight bent ventrally ( Figs 124 , 139, 141, 143 ).

Color variation.

Color of antennae, palpomeres, femora, and tibiae varied from medium brown to dark brown or even black among different individuals ( Figs 22-23 , 36 - 41 ).

Geographical distribution.

Fig. 158 . Known only from eastern Afghanistan, Pakistan, and northern India.

Remarks.

Mensural data cited in the description were obtained from type and cotype specimens examined. The name Chlaenius agilis Chaudoir was once treated as a junior synonym of Chlaenius latro LaFerté-Sénectère ( Csiki 1931, Kirschenhofer 1997). However, in his work, LaFerté-Sénectère (1851) did not provide a specific description of Chlaenius latro . This means that Chlaenius latro LaFerté-Sénectère is a nomen nudum, and therefore, unavailable.

Kirschenhofer (2005) considered Chlaenius nuristanus Jedlička to be a junior synonym of Chlaenius anchomenoides Bates. We have examined the types and/or cotypes of Chlaenius agilis Chaudoir, Chlaenius anchomenoide s, Chlaenius nuristanus and its aberration Chlaenius nuristanus a. rubridipes, and found no significant differences between them, except for variation in the color of antennae and legs. The aedeagi are abruptly bent near the base in all dissected males ( Figs 124 , 139, 141, 143 ).

Mandl (1972: 104) assigned Chlaenius anchomenoides to genus Stenochlaenius . Based on the pubescent elytral intervals and incomplete elytral basal margin in members of Chlaenius anchomenoides , we do not agree with this assignment.

Figures

Figure 158. Map showing the known geographical distributions of Chlaenius (Lithochlaenius) spp.

Figures 22 - 27. Habitus of Chlaenius (Lithochlaenius) spp 22 Chlaenius agilis Chaudoir, holotype, dorsal view 23 Chlaenius agilis Chaudoir, holotype, ventral view 24 Chlaenius formosensis Lorenz, male, in CCCC, dorsal view 25 Chlaenius formosensis Lorenz, ventral view 26 Chlaenius leishanensis Kirschenhofer, male, in IZCAS, dorsal view 27 Chlaenius leishanensis Kirschenhofer, male, in IZCAS, ventral view. Scale line = 5.0 mm.

Figures 34 - 39. Chlaenius (Lithochlaenius) spp 34 Chlaenius rambouseki Lutshnik, male, collected from Ussuri region, in IZCAS, dorsal view 35 Chlaenius rambouseki Lutshnik, male, collected from Ussuri region, in IZCAS, ventral view 36 Chlaenius anchomenoides Bates, cotype, male, in BMNH, dorsal view 37 Chlaenius anchomenoides Bates, cotype, male, in BMNH, ventral view 38 Chlaenius nuristanus Jedlicka, paratype, male, in MNHN, dorsal view 39 Chlaenius nuristanus Jedlicka, paratype, male, in MNHN, ventral view. Scale line = 5.0 mm.

Figures 40 - 45. Chlaenius (Lithochlaenius) spp 40 Chlaenius nuristanus a. rubridipes Jedlicka, paratype, male, in MNHN, dorsal view 41 Chlaenius nuristanus a. rubridipes Jedlicka, paratype, male, in MNHN, ventral view 42 Chlaenius agiloides Jedlicka, holotype, male, in NMPC, dorsal view 43 Chlaenius formosanus Jedlicka, holotype, male, in NMPC, dorsal view 44 Chlaenius rambouseki Lutshnik, from Taiwan, male, in IZCAS, dorsal view 45 Chlaenius rambouseki Lutshnik, from Taiwan, male, in IZCAS, ventral view. Scale line = 5.0 mm.

Figures 46 - 51. Labels of Chlaenius (Lithochlaenius) spp 46 holotype, Chlaenius agilis Chaudoir (see Figs 22 - 23) 47 Cotype, Chlaenius anchomenoides Bates (see Figs 40 - 41) 48 Paratype, Chlaenius nuristanus Jedlicka (see Figs 42 - 43) 49 Cotype, Chlaenius nuristanus Jedlicka (see Figs 44 - 45) 50 Holotype, Chlaenius agiloides Jedlicka (see Fig. 48) 51 Holotype, Chlaenius formosanus Jedlicka (see Fig 49).

Figures 52 - 65. Antennomere 1 of Chlaenius (Lithochlaenius) species 52 Chlaenius chuanqianensis sp. n., holotype 53 Chlaenius linwensini sp. n., holotype 54 Chlaenius propeagilis sp. n., holotype 55 Chlaenius agilis Chaudoir, holotype 56 Chlaenius formosensis Lorenz, CCCC 57 Chlaenius leishanensis Kirschenhofer, IZCAS 58 Chlaenius noguchii Bates, IZCAS 59 Chlaenius wrasei Kirschenhofer, IZCAS 60 Chlaenius agiloides Jedlicka, IZCAS 61 Chlaenius rambouseki Lutshnik from Ussuri region, IZCAS 62 Chlaenius anchomenoides Bates, paratype 63 Chlaenius nuristanus Jedlicka, paratype 64 Chlaenius nuristanus a. rubridipes Jedlicka, paratype 65 Chlaenius rambouseki Lutshnik from Taiwan, CCCC. Scale line = 1.0 mm.

Figures 66 - 79. Humeral region of elytra of Chlaenius (Lithochlaenius) spp 66 Chlaenius chuanqianensis sp. n., holotype 67 Chlaenius linwensini sp. n., holotype 68 Chlaenius propeagilis sp. n., holotype 69 Chlaenius agilis Chaudoir, holotype 70 Chlaenius formosensis Lorenz, CCCC 71 Chlaenius leishanensis Kirschenhofer, IZCAS 72 Chlaenius noguchii Bates, IZCAS 73 Chlaenius wrasei Kirschenhofer, IZCAS 74 Chlaenius agiloides Jedlicka, IZCAS 75 Chlaenius rambouseki Lutshnik from Ussuri region, ZCAS 76 Chlaenius anchomenoides Bates, paratype 77 Chlaenius nuristanus Jedlicka, paratype 78 Chlaenius nuristanus Jedlicka, paratype 79 Chlaenius rambouseki Lutshnik from Taiwan, CCCC. Scale line = 1.0 mm.

Figures 80 - 93. Elytral intervals of Chlaenius (Lithochlaenius) spp. 80 Chlaenius chuanqianensis sp. n., holotype 81 Chlaenius linwensini sp. n., holotype 82 Chlaenius propeagilis sp. n., holotype 83 Chlaenius agilis Chaudoir, holotype 84 Chlaenius formosensis Lorenz, CCCC 85 Chlaenius leishanensis, IZCAS 86 Chlaenius noguchii Bates, IZCAS 87 Chlaenius wrasei Kirschenhofer, IZCAS 88 Chlaenius agiloides Jedlicka, IZCAS 89 Chlaenius rambouseki Lutshnik from Ussuri region, IZCAS 90 Chlaenius anchomenoides Bates, paratype 91 Chlaenius nuristanus Jedlicka, paratype 92 Chlaenius nuristanus Jedlicka, paratype 93 Chlaenius rambouseki Lutshnik from Taiwan, CCCC. Scale line = 1.0 mm.

Figures 94 - 116. Abdominal sternum VII (ventral aspect) of Chlaenius (Lithochlaenius) species 94 Chlaenius chuanqianensis sp. n., male, holotype 95 Chlaenius chuanqianensis sp. n., female, paratype 96 Chlaenius linwensini sp. n., male, holotype 97 Chlaenius linwensini sp. n., female, paratype 98 Chlaenius propeagilis sp. n., male, holotype 99 Chlaenius propeagilis sp. n., female, paratype 100 Chlaenius agilis Chaudoir, male, holotype 101 Chlaenius formosensis Lorenz, male 102 Chlaenius formosensis Lorenz, female 103 Chlaenius leishanensis Kirschenhofer, male 104 Chlaenius leishanensis Kirschenhofer, female 105 Chlaenius noguchii Bates, male 106 Chlaenius noguchii Bates, female 107 Chlaenius wrasei Kirschenhofer, male 108 Chlaenius wrasei Kirschenhofer, female 109 Chlaenius agiloides Jedlicka, male 110 Chlaenius agiloides Jedlicka, female 111 Chlaenius rambouseki Lutshnik, from Ussuri region, male 112 Chlaenius rambouseki Lutshnik from Ussuri region, female 113 Chlaenius anchomenoides Bates, male, paratype 114 Chlaenius nuristanus Jedlicka, male, paratype 115 Chlaenius nuristanus Jedlicka, female, paratype 116 Chlaenius formosanus Jedlicka from Taiwan, male. Scale line = 1.0 mm.

Figures 16 - 21. Habitus of Chlaenius (Lithochlaenius) spp 16 Chlaenius chuanqianensis sp. n., holotype, male, dorsal view 17 Chlaenius chuanqianensis sp. n., holotype, male, ventral view 18 Chlaenius linwensini sp. n., holotype, male, dorsal view 19 Chlaenius linwensini sp. n., holotype, male, ventral view 20 Chlaenius propeagilis sp. n., holotype, male, dorsal view 21 Chlaenius propeagilis sp. n., holotype, male, ventral view. Scale line = 5.0 mm.

Figures 146 - 151. Photographs of habitats for Chlaenius (Lithochlaenius) spp. 146 Chlaenius chuanqianensis sp. n., Dabaitang, Xishui county, North Guizhou, China 147 Chlaenius anchomenoides Bates, Goorais valley, Pakistan (Provided by Dr. Muhammad Abbas in Pakistan Museum of Natural History) 148 Chlaenius propeagilis sp. n., Gaoligongshan, Yunnan, China 149 Chlaenius leishanensis Kirschenhofer, Xiaodanjiang, Leigongshan, Leishan county, Southeast Guizhou, China 150 Chlaenius chuanqianensis sp. n. and Chlaenius agiloides Jedlicka, Jinshajiang, Sichuan 151 Chlaenius rambouseki Lutshnik, Ussri river, Heilongjiang, China.

Figures 117 - 130. Aedeagi of Chlaenius (Lithochlaenius) species 117 Chlaenius chuanqianensis sp. n., holotype (dorsal view) 118 Chlaenius chuanqianensis sp. n., holotype (left lateral view) 119 Chlaenius linwensini sp. n., holotype (dorsal view) 120 Chlaenius linwensini sp. n., holotype (left lateral view) 121 Chlaenius propeagilis sp. n., holotype (dorsal view) 122 Chlaenius propeagilis sp. n., holotype (left lateral view) 123 Chlaenius agilis Chaudoir, holotype (dorsal view) 124 Chlaenius agilis Chaudoir, holotype (left lateral view) 125 Chlaenius formosensis Lorenz, holotype (dorsal view) 126 Chlaenius formosensis Lorenz, holotype (left lateral view) 127 Chlaenius leishanensis Kirschenhofer (dorsal view) 128 Chlaenius leishanensis Kirschenhofer (left lateral view) 129 Chlaenius noguchii Bates (dorsal view) 130 Chlaenius noguchii Bates (left lateral view). Scale lines: A = 1.0 mm (Figs 117, 119, 121, 123, 125, 127, 129); B = 0.5 mm (Figs 118, 120, 122, 124, 126, 128, 130).

Figures 131 - 145. Aedeagi of Chlaenius (Lithochlaenius) species 131 Chlaenius wrasei Kirschenhofer (dorsal view) 132 Chlaenius wrasei Kirschenhofer (left lateral view) 133 Chlaenius agiloides Jedlicka (dorsal view) 134 Chlaenius agiloides Jedlicka, holotype (left lateral view) 135 Chlaenius agiloides Jedlicka (left lateral view) 136 Chlaenius rambouseki Lutshnik from Ussuri region (dorsal view) 137 Chlaenius rambouseki Lutshnik from Ussuri region (left lateral view) 138 Chlaenius anchomenoides Bates, paratype (dorsal view) 139 Chlaenius anchomenoides Bates, paratype (left lateral view) 140 Chlaenius nuristanus Jedlicka, paratype (dorsal view, black leg) 141 Chlaenius nuristanus Jedlicka, paratype (left lateral view) 142 Chlaenius nuristanus Jedlicka, paratype (dorsal view, yellow leg) 143 Chlaenius nuristanus Jedlicka, paratype (left lateral view) 144 Chlaenius rambouseki Lutshnik from Taiwan (dorsal view) 145 Chlaenius rambouseki Lutshnik from Taiwan (left lateral view). Scale lines: A = 1.0 mm (Figs 131, 133, 136, 138, 140, 142, 144); B = 0.5 mm (Figs 132, 134, 135, 137, 139, 141, 143, 145).