Augochlora (Oxystoglossella) aurinasis ( Vachal, 1911 )

Lepeco, Anderson & Gonçalves, Rodrigo Barbosa, 2020, New species of Augochlora (Oxystoglossella) Eickwort (Hymenoptera; Apoidea) from Northeastern Brazil with an identification key for the region, Zootaxa 4802 (2), pp. 261-293 : 265-270

Augochlora (Oxystoglossella) aurinasis ( Vachal, 1911)

( Figures 1B ; 2A, C ; 3A ; 5B ; 6 A-D; 7A-D; 18A; 19A)

Halictus aurinasis Vachal, 1911 , lectotype ♀ (MNHP) from Peru, Cuzco, Vilcanota. Subsequent designation by Moure & Hurd (1987). Examined through photographs.

Diagnosis. Both sexes have a punctate preepisternum, females do not have a projection on S1, and males have a parallel sided hind basitarsus, all features shared with A. eucnemis . This species differs from A. eucnemis by having denser punctures on head and mesoscutum, by the golden reflections on the body, and by the posterior margin of metapostnotum microreticulate on males. The gena and postgena is sometimes weakly striate, but never as strong as in A. morrae and A. bipunctata sp. nov. The maximum body length observed was 7.0 mm, below the usual body length of these two species. Augochlora aurinasis is also remarkable for the abundant golden reflections, which may turn into copper on the head.

Comments. We examined photographs of the lectotype of Halictus aurinasis from Peru and they correspond to a common species found in Brazil, Argentina and Paraguay. In addition, one specimen deposited in DZUP (from Argentina) was compared by Father Jesus S. Moure with the type. Possibly in this same opportunity Moure designated the lectotype for the name ( Moure & Hurd 1987) .

Redescription. ♀. Measurements. Eye notch width: 1.18–1.55 (mean = 1.36, n = 10); head length: 1.52–1.96 (mean = 1.76, n = 10); clypeus width: 0.44–0.52 (mean = 0.48, n = 10); clypeus length: 0.38–0.52 (mean = 0.44, n = 10); clypeoantennal distance: 0.24–0.34 (mean = 0.30, n = 10); clypeus ocellar distance: 0.90–1.16 (mean = 1.05, n = 10); intertegular distance: 0.93–1.36 (mean = 1.10, n = 10); T1 width: 1.32–1.80 (mean = 1.56, n = 10); T2 width: 1.52–1.96 (mean = 1.75, n = 10); body length: 5.00–7.00 (mean = 6.05, n = 10).

Head. Labrum basal surface brown; basal elevation well defined, orbicular. Mandible mostly brown, apex and base black; preapical tooth far from apex. Clypeus mostly golden with copper reflection, apical black band = OD; punctate, punctures large and weak, smooth in between; long setae (3.0 OD) on apical margin, shorter on basal margin. Epistomal angle acute, protruding into clypeus. Supraclypeal area golden with copper reflection; densely punctate, loosely imbricate in between. Parocular area with golden reflection; contiguously punctate; long setae (1.0–2.0 OD) intermixed with tiny setae. Antennae mostly black, flagellum ventrally brown; longer setae (= OD) on scape base. Frons with green reflection; conflected punctate; setae length 1.5–2.0 OD. Vertex contiguously punctate, punctures weak. Preoccipital area weakly lamellate, lamella not expanded near post gena. Gena with golden reflection; weakly punctate. Postgena with copper reflection, darkened near hypostoma; microreticulate to weakly striate, some scattered weak punctures; setae length <3.0 OD. Hypostomal carina lamellate, slightly projected anteriorly.

Mesosoma. Pronotum lateral angle obtuse; dorsal surface green with golden reflection. Fore leg: coxa ventrally green; trochanter black; femur mostly black, apically light brown; long plumose setae (<4.0 OD); tibia and tarsus light brown. Mesoscutum golden; densely punctate, i <PD, punctures small, smooth in between; setae length <2.0 OD. Scutellum golden with green reflection; mostly densely punctate, sparser on sublateral surfaces, smooth in between; longer setae (4.0 OD) near apex. Mesepisternum green with golden reflection; preepisternum contiguously to conflected punctate; hypoepimeral area densely punctate, i <PD, smooth in between; below scrobe punctate, i = PD, smooth in between, ventrally conflected. Mid leg: coxa and trochanter black; femur mostly black, apically light brown; tibia and tarsus light brown. Tegula brown. Fore wing marginal cell apex truncate, appendiculate. Metanotum with tiny setae near base, scattered long setae (<4.0 OD). Metepisternum golden with green reflection. Hind leg: coxa green, ventrally rounded; trochanter black with weak green reflection; long plumose setae (3.0 OD); femur mostly black, apically light brown; tibia and tarsus light brown. Metapostnotum golden with green reflection; as long as scutellum; plane, mostly rugose, carinate on lateral surfaces, posterior surface microreticulate. Propodeum golden with green reflection; long plumose setae (4.0 OD) intermixed with tiny decumbent setae; posterior surface sparsely punctate to striate, microreticulate in between; lateral surfaces mostly striate, densely punctate anteriorly.

Metasoma. T1 anterior surface sparsely punctate, imbricate in between; mostly golden with copper reflection, base darkened; setae up to 2.0 OD intermixed with tomentose setae. T1 dorsal surface mostly impunctate, imbricate, lateral surfaces puncticulate; mostly brown with weak golden reflection, dull, lateral surfaces green; tiny setae dorsally, long setae (2.0 OD) on lateral surfaces. T2 weakly puncticulate, imbricate in between; mostly brown with weak golden reflection, dull, lateral surfaces green; marginal area dark brown; mostly with tiny decumbent setae, long setae (2.0 OD) near margin and lateral surfaces. T3 weakly puncticulate, imbricate in between; mostly green with golden reflection, apex dark brown; mostly with tiny decumbent setae reaching apical margin, long setae (2.0 OD) near margin and lateral on surfaces. T4 weakly puncticulate, imbricate in between; mostly green with golden reflection, apex dark brown; mostly with tiny decumbent setae, long setae (3.0 OD) scattered on disc and lateral surfaces. T5 black; prepygidial area covered with dense scale-like setae. S1 projection absent; black; with long plumose setae (> 3.0 OD) medially, margin with tiny decumbent setae. S2 mostly black, apical band brownish; with long plumose setae (> 3.0 OD). S3–4 as S2. S5 apical margin widely rounded; black; long plumose setae (> 3.0 OD). S6 black; long dark setae on apex.

Description. ♂. Measurements. Eye notch width: 1.15–1.33 (mean = 1.21, n = 10); head length: 1.52–1.80 (mean = 1.63, n = 10); clypeus width: 0.34–0.46 (mean = 0.40, n = 10); clypeus length: 0.38–0.50 (mean = 0.43, n = 10); clypeoantennal distance: 0.28–0.34 (mean = 0.30, n = 10); clypeus ocellar distance: 0.88–1.08 (mean = 0.97, n = 10); intertegular distance: 0.90–1.21 (mean = 1.03, n = 10); T1 width: 1.12–1.56 (mean = 1.36, n = 10); T2 width: 1.24–1.80 (mean = 1.49, n = 10); scape length: 0.36–0.52 (mean = 0.43, n = 10); body length: 5.00–6.50 (mean = 5.80, n = 10).

Head. Labrum basal surface pale, yellowish. Mandible mostly yellowish, apex brown. Clypeus mostly golden, apex yellowish; punctate, i = PD, punctures large, smooth in between; setae length = OD. Supraclypeal area golden. Paraocular area golden; punctate, punctures small, smooth in between; long setae (= OD) intermixed with tiny setae. Antennae: scape black; pedicel mostly black, apex light brown; F1 dark brown; remaining flagellomeres mostly black, ventrally light brown. Frons with blue iridescence; conflected punctate; setae length = 1.0–2.0 OD. Vertex weakly punctate to striate. Preoccipital area lamellate. Gena with golden reflection; punctate, punctures weak. Postgena with golden reflection, darkened near hypostoma; imbricate to striate; some scattered punctures; setae length <3.0 OD.

Mesosoma. Pronotum dorsal surface green with golden reflection. Pronotal lobe punctate, loosely imbricate in between. Fore leg: coxa ventrally green; trochanter black; femur light brown with green reflection; slightly swollen; tibia and tarsus light brown. Mesoscutum green with golden reflection; punctate on disc, i = PD, smooth in between, denser punctuation on lateral margins; setae length = 0.5–1.0 OD. Scutellum without longitudinal furrow; green with golden reflection; mostly densely punctate, sparser on sublateral surfaces, smooth in between; longer setae (3.0 OD) near apex. Mesepisternum green with golden reflection; preepisternum densely punctate, ventrally conflected; hypoepimeral area densely punctate, i <0.5 PD, smooth in between; below scrobe densely punctate, i <PD, smooth in between; Mid leg: coxa black; trochanter dark brown with green reflection; setae length = OD; femur to slightly swollen; tibia and tarsus light brown. Tegula light brown; Metanotum contiguously punctate, laterally rugulose; tiny setae near base, scattered long setae (3.0 OD). Metepisternum green with golden reflection; punctate, smooth in between, striate near hind wing. Hind leg: coxa green; trochanter dark brown with green reflection; setae length <OD; femur light brown; tibia light brown, with abundant tiny setae among long setae; tarsus light brown; basitarsus more than 6.0 times longer than wide. Metapostnotum golden; as long as scutellum; plane, mostly rugose, carinate on lateral surfaces, microreticulate on posterior surface. Propodeum green with golden reflection; long plumose setae (2.0 OD) intermixed with tiny decumbent setae; posterior surface sparsely punctate, smooth in between; lateral surfaces mostly sparsely punctate, imbricate in between, denser punctuation anteriorly.

Metasoma. T1 anterior surface sparsely punctate, smooth in between; mostly golden, base darkened; long setae only, up to 2.0 OD. T1 dorsal surface sparsely punctate, i> PD, punctures weak; mostly green with golden reflection, dull; tiny setae at disc, lateral surfaces with longer setae (= OD). T2 minutely punctate on disc, i = 2.0 PD, denser punctuation on lateral surfaces, imbricate in between; mostly green with golden reflection, dull; mostly with tiny setae, long setae (= OD) on lateral surfaces, premarginal setae ending near apical margin on sublateral surfaces. T3 weakly punctate, imbricate in between; mostly green with golden reflection, dull; marginal area dark brown; mostly with tiny setae, long setae (= OD) near margin and lateral surfaces. T4 weakly punctate, imbricate in between; mostly green with golden reflection; marginal area dark brown; mostly with tiny setae, long setae (2.0 OD) near margin and lateral surfaces. T5 mostly green; apex brown; long setae (2.0 OD) intermixed with tiny setae. T6 dark brown; mostly with long setae (<2.0 OD). T7 dark brown. S1 black with weak green reflection; with long plumose setae (2.0 OD) medially, margin with tiny decumbent setae. S2 mostly black, apical band yellowish; with long plumose setae (= OD), tiny setae on apex. S3–4 as S2. S5 not depressed medially; mostly black, apical band yellowish; setae length <2.0 OD. S6 black; setae length = OD, tiny setae on apex. S7 lateral apodemes shorter than half S8 width. S8 anterior projection> 6.0 times longer than apical width.

Genitalia. Gonobase 2.0 times wider than long. Gonocoxite about 2.0 times longer than wide. Gonostylus: basal process projected, forming a lobe; inner lobe of ventral process digitiform, small, with tiny setae; outer lobe of ventral process with setae longer than ventral process size. Volsellar lower margin straight. Gonapophysis lateral angles not enlarged; ventral prong well produced; dorsal bridge margin straight; apodeme narrow and strongly hooked.

Distribution. Augochlora aurinasis has a broad distribution in Brazil, occurring in the states of Acre, Bahia, Ceará, Distrito Federal, Espírito Santo, Goiás, Mato Grosso, Mato Grosso do Sul, Minas Gerais, Pará, Paraíba, Paraná, Pernambuco, Rio Grande do Norte, Rio Grande do Sul, São Paulo, and Sergipe. The species is also recorded for Argentina, Paraguay and Peru.

Examined material. Brazil, BA, DZUP, 4♀ “ITAMBÉ-BAHIA-BRASIL\19-22/VII/67\C.& C. T. Elias leg.”, 2♀ “ITAPETINGA - BAHIA \ BRASIL 23-27/VII/67\C.& C. T. Elias leg.”, 14♀ “JEQUIE - BA\ Brasil 10-VIII-64\C. ELIAS, - LEG ”, 2♀ “JEQUIÉ - BA\BRASIL-15/11/964\C.& T. Elias leg.”, 5♀ 10♂ “MARACÁS - BA\ BRASIL IX-65\F.M.Oliveira”, 7♀ 4♂ “MARACÁS - BA\ Brasil 18-VIII-64\C. ELIAS LEG ”, MZUSP, 1♀ “ BRASIL: BA: STA. RITA DE\CASSIA, 16-VII.1991 \S. T. P. Amarante &\ C. F. Martins col.”, 1♀ “ BRASIL: BA: STA. RITA DE\CASSIA, 17-VII.1991 \S. T. P. Amarante &\ C. F. Martins col.”, 1♀ “ BRASIL: BA: MARACAS\FAZ. MARIA INÁCIA: MATA \deCIPÓ; 26/XI 1990 \S. T.P. AMARANTE COL”. CE, DZUP, 1♀ “CRATO-CE- 850m \BRASIL- 5/1969\M.ALVARENGA”, UNILA, 2♂ “ Brasil, CE, Crato,\ 26.IX.2007 \Zanella, F.C. V.”, RPSP, 2♀ “ Brasil, CE, 12km E. Assaré\ 6°52’28”S 39°46’10”W \ 575m 06.v.2014 \Almeida, Lucena, Tavares”, 1♂ “ Brasil, Ceará, Pente-

coste\Fazenda Experimental UFC \ 14.vii.2018 \ Pan trap (PT-1234)\ F. Chamorro (ID-1576)”, 1♀ “ Brasil, Ceará, Pen- tecoste\Fazenda Experimental UFC \ 27.ix.2017 \ Pan trap (PT-305)\ F. Chamorro (ID-385)”, 1♀ “ Brasil, Ceará, Pen- tecoste\Fazenda Experimental UFC \ 09.vii.2018 \ Pan trap (PT-1318)\ F. Chamorro (ID-1708)”, 1♀ “ Brasil, Ceará, Pentecoste\Fazenda Experimental UFC \ 12.vii.2018 \ Pan trap (PT-1213)\ F. Chamorro (ID-1553)”, 1♀ “ Brasil, Ceará, Pentecoste\Fazenda Experimental UFC \ 21.iii.2018 \Rede entomológica (RE-130)\ F. Chamorro (ID-400)”. PB, 1♀ JUAZEIRINHO PB \ Brasil 3 XI 55\C. R. GONÇALVES”, 1♀ “ SANTA LUZIA - PB \BRASIL-18/11/955\ Raulino S. Lima ”, 3♀ 1♂ “ SANTA LUZIA - PB \BRASIL- 25/9/1955 \ S. Medeiros leg.”, 1♀ “S. J. do Cariri PB \ Brasil 2 XI 55\C. R. Gonçalves”, 1♀ 1♂ “SOLEDADE - PB \BRASIL- 18/11/1955 \ J.L. Azevedo leg”. PE, MZUSP, 1♂ “Fazenda Campos Bons \Floresta, Pe, Brasil \20-27, vi, 1971\Exp. ABC – MZUSP ”. RN, UNILA, 2♀ “ SERRA NEGRA DO NORTE-RN \ESTAÇÃO ECOLÓGICA DO SERIDÓ\ 11.IX.1994 \ ZANELLA FCV & MOURA ON LEG ”, 1♂ “ SERRA NEGRA DO NORTE-RN \ESTAÇÃO ECOLÓGICA DO SERIDÓ\ 27.VIII.1994 \ ZANELLA FCV & MOURA ON LEG ”, 1♂ “ SERRA NEGRA DO NORTE-RN \ESTAÇÃO ECOLÓGICA DO SERIDÓ\ 15. I.1995 \ ZANELLA FCV & MOURA ON LEG ”, 1♀ 1♂ “ Brasil, RN, Martins.\18.IV.08\Zanella, F. C. V.”. SE, RPSP, 2♀ “Carira-SE Brasil \ 26.VII.2005 \Leg. Michelette ERF” .

Figures

FIGURE 1. Female labrum. A) Augochlora modica sp. nov.; B) Augochlora aurinasis. Scale bar: 0.2 mm.

FIGURE 2. Female preepisternum and metapostnotum. A and C) Augochlora aurinasis; B and D) Augochlora morrae. Scale bars: 0.2 mm.

FIGURE 3. Female face in detail. A) Augochlora aurinasis; B) Augochlora eucnemis. Scale bar: 0.2 mm.

FIGURE 5. Male hind basitarsus, outer surface. A) A. modica sp. nov., B) A. aurinasis. Scale bar: 0.2 mm.

FIGURE 6. Female of Augochlora aurinasis: A) habitus, B) frontal view of head, C) dorsal view of mesosoma, D) dorsal view of metasoma. Scale bar: 1.0 mm, all at same scale.