Macrostylis papandreas Johannsen, Riehl & Brandt, 2024

(SOSA), Senckenberg Ocean Species Alliance, Brandt, Angelika, Chen, Chong, Engel, Laura, Esquete, Patricia, Horton, Tammy, Jażdżewska, Anna M., Johannsen, Nele, Kaiser, Stefanie, Kihara, Terue C., Knauber, Henry, Kniesz, Katharina, Landschoff, Jannes, Lörz, Anne-Nina, Machado, Fabrizio M., Martínez-Muñoz, Carlos A., Riehl, Torben, Serpell-Stevens, Amanda, Sigwart, Julia D., Tandberg, Anne Helene S., Tato, Ramiro, Tsuda, Miwako, Vončina, Katarzyna, Watanabe, Hiromi K., Wenz, Christian & Williams, Jason D., 2024, Ocean Species Discoveries 1 – 12 — A primer for accelerating marine invertebrate taxonomy, Biodiversity Data Journal 12, pp. e 128431-e 128431 : e128431-

Macrostylis papandreas Johannsen, Riehl & Brandt sp. nov.

" MLpap ": Riehl et al. (2018)

" Macrostylis sp. MLpap ": Bober et al. (2018)

Materials

Type status: Holotype. Occurrence: catalogNumber: ZMH K- 45148 ; recordNumber: VTMac 145; individualCount: 1; sex: female; lifeStage: adult; preparations: whole animal (ETOH); previousIdentifications: Macrostylis sp. Mlpap | MOTU Mlpap; associatedReferences: Riehl T, Lins L, Brandt A (2018) The effects of depth, distance, and the Mid-Atlantic Ridge on genetic differentiation of abyssal and hadal isopods ( Macrostylidae ). Deep Sea Research Part II: Topical Studies in Oceanography 148: 74–90. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.dsr2.2017.10.005 | Bober S, Brix S, Riehl T, Schwentner M, Brandt A (2018) Does the Mid-Atlantic Ridge affect the distribution of abyssal benthic crustaceans across the Atlantic Ocean? Deep-Sea Research Part II: Topical Studies in Oceanography 148: 91–104. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.dsr2.2018.02.011; associatedSequences: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/nuccore/LT909298.1; occurrenceID: D1ADE97E-79B9-5F53-8F63-60B077430871; Taxon: scientificName: Macrostylis papandreas Johannsen, Riehl & Brandt ; kingdom: Animalia; phylum: Arthropoda; class: Malacostraca; order: Isopoda ; family: Macrostylidae ; genus: Macrostylis ; specificEpithet: papandreas ; scientificNameAuthorship: Johannsen, Riehl & Brandt; nomenclaturalCode: ICZN; Location: higherGeography: Atlantic Ocean; locality: Eastern Vema Fracture Zone, Vema-TRANSIT station SO 237-6 - 11 ; verbatimDepth: 5082 m; verbatimLatitude: 10 ° 21.82 ' N; verbatimLongitude: 36 ° 55.06 ' W; decimalLatitude: 10.36367; decimalLongitude: 36.91767; Identification: identifiedBy: Torben Riehl, Simon Bober; Event: samplingProtocol: Benthos trawl, Camera-Epibenthic Sledge, sieved through 0.3 mm mesh | Riehl T, Brenke N, Brix S, Driskell A, Kaiser S, Brandt A (2014) Field and laboratory methods for DNA studies on deep-sea isopod crustaceans. Polish Polar Research 35: 205–226. https://doi.org/10.2478/popore-2014-0018 | Devey CW (2015) RV SONNE Fahrtbericht / Cruise Report SO 237 Vema-TRANSIT. Geomar Report 23: 130. https://doi.org/10.3289/GEOMAR_REP_NS_23_2019; eventDate: 02 / 01 / 2015; habitat: abyssal sediment; fieldNumber: SO 237-6 - 7; Record Level: institutionCode: ZMH; collectionCode: K; basisOfRecord: PreservedSpecimen

Type status: Paratype. Occurrence: catalogNumber: ZMH K- 45165 ; recordNumber: VTMac 134; individualCount: 1; sex: male; lifeStage: adult; preparations: whole animal (ETOH); previousIdentifications: Macrostylis sp. Mlpap | MOTU Mlpap; associatedReferences: Riehl T, Lins L, Brandt A (2018) The effects of depth, distance, and the Mid-Atlantic Ridge on genetic differentiation of abyssal and hadal isopods ( Macrostylidae ). Deep Sea Research Part II: Topical Studies in Oceanography 148: 74–90. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.dsr2.2017.10.005 | Bober S, Brix S, Riehl T, Schwentner M, Brandt A (2018) Does the Mid-Atlantic Ridge affect the distribution of abyssal benthic crustaceans across the Atlantic Ocean? Deep-Sea Research Part II: Topical Studies in Oceanography 148: 91–104. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.dsr2.2018.02.007; associatedSequences: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/nuccore/LT909287.1 | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/nuccore/LT960448.1; occurrenceID: F604E4E7-CF85-59F3-B18D-7F2AAFC3FF3D; Taxon: scientificName: Macrostylis papandreas Johannsen, Riehl & Brandt ; kingdom: Animalia; phylum: Arthropoda; class: Malacostraca; order: Isopoda ; family: Macrostylidae ; genus: Macrostylis ; specificEpithet: papandreas ; scientificNameAuthorship: Johannsen, Riehl & Brandt; nomenclaturalCode: ICZN; Location: higherGeography: Atlantic Ocean; locality: Eastern Vema Fracture Zone, Vema-TRANSIT station SO 237-6 - 7 ; verbatimDepth: 5082 m; verbatimLatitude: 10 ° 21.82 ' N; verbatimLongitude: 36 ° 55.06 ' W; decimalLatitude: 10.36367; decimalLongitude: 36.91767; Identification: identifiedBy: Torben Riehl, Simon Bober; Event: samplingProtocol: Benthos trawl, Camera-Epibenthic Sledge, sieved through 0.3 mm mesh | Riehl T, Brenke N, Brix S, Driskell A, Kaiser S, Brandt A (2014) Field and laboratory methods for DNA studies on deep-sea isopod crustaceans. Polish Polar Research 35: 205–226. https://doi.org/10.2478/popore-2014-0018 | Devey CW (2015) RV SONNE Fahrtbericht / Cruise Report SO 237 Vema-TRANSIT. Geomar Report 23: 130. https://doi.org/10.3289/GEOMAR_REP_NS_23_2015; eventDate: 02 / 01 / 2015; habitat: abyssal sediment; fieldNumber: SO 237-6 - 7; Record Level: institutionCode: ZMH; collectionCode: K; basisOfRecord: PreservedSpecimen

Type status: Paratype. Occurrence: catalogNumber: ZMH K- 45166 ; recordNumber: VTMac 137; individualCount: 1; sex: male; lifeStage: adult; preparations: whole animal (ETOH); previousIdentifications: Macrostylis sp. Mlpap | MOTU Mlpap; associatedReferences: Riehl T, Lins L, Brandt A (2018) The effects of depth, distance, and the Mid-Atlantic Ridge on genetic differentiation of abyssal and hadal isopods ( Macrostylidae ). Deep Sea Research Part II: Topical Studies in Oceanography 148: 74–90. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.dsr2.2017.10.005 | Bober S, Brix S, Riehl T, Schwentner M, Brandt A (2018) Does the Mid-Atlantic Ridge affect the distribution of abyssal benthic crustaceans across the Atlantic Ocean? Deep-Sea Research Part II: Topical Studies in Oceanography 148: 91–104. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.dsr2.2018.02.008; associatedSequences: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/nuccore/LT909290.1 | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/nuccore/LT960449.1; occurrenceID: 449B5E29-8A25-531E-A8AD-4C7FC9573331; Taxon: scientificName: Macrostylis papandreas Johannsen, Riehl & Brandt ; kingdom: Animalia; phylum: Arthropoda; class: Malacostraca; order: Isopoda ; family: Macrostylidae ; genus: Macrostylis ; specificEpithet: papandreas ; scientificNameAuthorship: Johannsen, Riehl & Brandt; nomenclaturalCode: ICZN; Location: higherGeography: Atlantic Ocean; locality: Eastern Vema Fracture Zone, Vema-TRANSIT station SO 237-6 - 8 ; verbatimDepth: 5082 m; verbatimLatitude: 10 ° 21.82 ' N; verbatimLongitude: 36 ° 55.06 ' W; decimalLatitude: 10.36367; decimalLongitude: 36.91767; Identification: identifiedBy: Torben Riehl, Simon Bober; Event: samplingProtocol: Benthos trawl, Camera-Epibenthic Sledge, sieved through 0.3 mm mesh | Riehl T, Brenke N, Brix S, Driskell A, Kaiser S, Brandt A (2014) Field and laboratory methods for DNA studies on deep-sea isopod crustaceans. Polish Polar Research 35: 205–226. https://doi.org/10.2478/popore-2014-0018 | Devey CW (2015) RV SONNE Fahrtbericht / Cruise Report SO 237 Vema-TRANSIT. Geomar Report 23: 130. https://doi.org/10.3289/GEOMAR_REP_NS_23_2016; eventDate: 02 / 01 / 2015; habitat: abyssal sediment; fieldNumber: SO 237-6 - 7; Record Level: institutionCode: ZMH; collectionCode: K; basisOfRecord: PreservedSpecimen

Type status: Paratype. Occurrence: catalogNumber: ZMH K- 45146 ; recordNumber: VTMac 140; individualCount: 1; sex: female; lifeStage: adult; preparations: whole animal (ETOH); previousIdentifications: Macrostylis sp. Mlpap | MOTU Mlpap; associatedReferences: Riehl T, Lins L, Brandt A (2018) The effects of depth, distance, and the Mid-Atlantic Ridge on genetic differentiation of abyssal and hadal isopods ( Macrostylidae ). Deep Sea Research Part II: Topical Studies in Oceanography 148: 74–90. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.dsr2.2017.10.005 | Bober S, Brix S, Riehl T, Schwentner M, Brandt A (2018) Does the Mid-Atlantic Ridge affect the distribution of abyssal benthic crustaceans across the Atlantic Ocean? Deep-Sea Research Part II: Topical Studies in Oceanography 148: 91–104. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.dsr2.2018.02.009; associatedSequences: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/nuccore/LT909293.1 | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/nuccore/LT960450.1; occurrenceID: 17C01CFF-068C-52A6-8BDA-3FC81DF853BB; Taxon: scientificName: Macrostylis papandreas Johannsen, Riehl & Brandt ; kingdom: Animalia; phylum: Arthropoda; class: Malacostraca; order: Isopoda ; family: Macrostylidae ; genus: Macrostylis ; specificEpithet: papandreas ; scientificNameAuthorship: Johannsen, Riehl & Brandt; nomenclaturalCode: ICZN; Location: higherGeography: Atlantic Ocean; locality: Eastern Vema Fracture Zone, Vema-TRANSIT station SO 237-6 - 9 ; verbatimDepth: 5082 m; verbatimLatitude: 10 ° 21.82 ' N; verbatimLongitude: 36 ° 55.06 ' W; decimalLatitude: 10.36367; decimalLongitude: 36.91767; Identification: identifiedBy: Torben Riehl, Simon Bober; Event: samplingProtocol: Benthos trawl, Camera-Epibenthic Sledge, sieved through 0.3 mm mesh | Riehl T, Brenke N, Brix S, Driskell A, Kaiser S, Brandt A (2014) Field and laboratory methods for DNA studies on deep-sea isopod crustaceans. Polish Polar Research 35: 205–226. https://doi.org/10.2478/popore-2014-0018 | Devey CW (2015) RV SONNE Fahrtbericht / Cruise Report SO 237 Vema-TRANSIT. Geomar Report 23: 130. https://doi.org/10.3289/GEOMAR_REP_NS_23_2017; eventDate: 02 / 01 / 2015; habitat: abyssal sediment; fieldNumber: SO 237-6 - 7; Record Level: institutionCode: ZMH; collectionCode: K; basisOfRecord: PreservedSpecimen

Type status: Paratype. Occurrence: catalogNumber: ZMH K- 45147 ; recordNumber: VTMac 141; individualCount: 1; sex: female; lifeStage: adult; preparations: whole animal (ETOH); previousIdentifications: Macrostylis sp. Mlpap | MOTU Mlpap; associatedReferences: Riehl T, Lins L, Brandt A (2018) The effects of depth, distance, and the Mid-Atlantic Ridge on genetic differentiation of abyssal and hadal isopods ( Macrostylidae ). Deep Sea Research Part II: Topical Studies in Oceanography 148: 74–90. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.dsr2.2017.10.005 | Bober S, Brix S, Riehl T, Schwentner M, Brandt A (2018) Does the Mid-Atlantic Ridge affect the distribution of abyssal benthic crustaceans across the Atlantic Ocean? Deep-Sea Research Part II: Topical Studies in Oceanography 148: 91–104. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.dsr2.2018.02.010; associatedSequences: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/nuccore/LT909294.1 | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/nuccore/LT960451.1; occurrenceID: BC9D5A22-9156-59CE-8829-15BC66E0A2D1; Taxon: scientificName: Macrostylis papandreas Johannsen, Riehl & Brandt ; kingdom: Animalia; phylum: Arthropoda; class: Malacostraca; order: Isopoda ; family: Macrostylidae ; genus: Macrostylis ; specificEpithet: papandreas ; scientificNameAuthorship: Johannsen, Riehl & Brandt; nomenclaturalCode: ICZN; Location: higherGeography: Atlantic Ocean; locality: Eastern Vema Fracture Zone, Vema-TRANSIT station SO 237-6 - 10 ; verbatimDepth: 5082 m; verbatimLatitude: 10 ° 21.82 ' N; verbatimLongitude: 36 ° 55.06 ' W; decimalLatitude: 10.36367; decimalLongitude: 36.91767; Identification: identifiedBy: Torben Riehl, Simon Bober; Event: samplingProtocol: Benthos trawl, Camera-Epibenthic Sledge, sieved through 0.3 mm mesh | Riehl T, Brenke N, Brix S, Driskell A, Kaiser S, Brandt A (2014) Field and laboratory methods for DNA studies on deep-sea isopod crustaceans. Polish Polar Research 35: 205–226. https://doi.org/10.2478/popore-2014-0018 | Devey CW (2015) RV SONNE Fahrtbericht / Cruise Report SO 237 Vema-TRANSIT. Geomar Report 23: 130. https://doi.org/10.3289/GEOMAR_REP_NS_23_2018; eventDate: 02 / 01 / 2015; habitat: abyssal sediment; fieldNumber: SO 237-6 - 7; Record Level: institutionCode: ZMH; collectionCode: K; basisOfRecord: PreservedSpecimen

Type status: Paratype. Occurrence: catalogNumber: ZMH K- 45149 ; recordNumber: VTMac 147; individualCount: 1; sex: female; lifeStage: adult; preparations: whole animal (ETOH); previousIdentifications: Macrostylis sp. Mlpap | MOTU Mlpap; associatedReferences: Riehl T, Lins L, Brandt A (2018) The effects of depth, distance, and the Mid-Atlantic Ridge on genetic differentiation of abyssal and hadal isopods ( Macrostylidae ). Deep Sea Research Part II: Topical Studies in Oceanography 148: 74–90. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.dsr2.2017.10.005 | Bober S, Brix S, Riehl T, Schwentner M, Brandt A (2018) Does the Mid-Atlantic Ridge affect the distribution of abyssal benthic crustaceans across the Atlantic Ocean? Deep-Sea Research Part II: Topical Studies in Oceanography 148: 91–104. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.dsr2.2018.02.012; associatedSequences: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/nuccore/LT909299.1 | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/nuccore/LT960452.1; occurrenceID: 8DFEE603-5718-52F4-BAB3-1FC538780D42; Taxon: scientificName: Macrostylis papandreas Johannsen, Riehl & Brandt ; kingdom: Animalia; phylum: Arthropoda; class: Malacostraca; order: Isopoda ; family: Macrostylidae ; genus: Macrostylis ; specificEpithet: papandreas ; scientificNameAuthorship: Johannsen, Riehl & Brandt; nomenclaturalCode: ICZN; Location: higherGeography: Atlantic Ocean; locality: Eastern Vema Fracture Zone, Vema-TRANSIT station SO 237-6 - 12 ; verbatimDepth: 5082 m; verbatimLatitude: 10 ° 21.82 ' N; verbatimLongitude: 36 ° 55.06 ' W; decimalLatitude: 10.36367; decimalLongitude: 36.91767; Identification: identifiedBy: Torben Riehl, Simon Bober; Event: samplingProtocol: Benthos trawl, Camera-Epibenthic Sledge, sieved through 0.3 mm mesh | Riehl T, Brenke N, Brix S, Driskell A, Kaiser S, Brandt A (2014) Field and laboratory methods for DNA studies on deep-sea isopod crustaceans. Polish Polar Research 35: 205–226. https://doi.org/10.2478/popore-2014-0018 | Devey CW (2015) RV SONNE Fahrtbericht / Cruise Report SO 237 Vema-TRANSIT. Geomar Report 23: 130. https://doi.org/10.3289/GEOMAR_REP_NS_23_2020; eventDate: 02 / 01 / 2015; habitat: abyssal sediment; fieldNumber: SO 237-6 - 7; Record Level: institutionCode: ZMH; collectionCode: K; basisOfRecord: PreservedSpecimen

Type status: Paratype. Occurrence: catalogNumber: ZMH K- 45150 ; recordNumber: VTMac 148; individualCount: 1; sex: female; lifeStage: adult; preparations: whole animal (ETOH); previousIdentifications: Macrostylis sp. Mlpap | MOTU Mlpap; associatedReferences: Riehl T, Lins L, Brandt A (2018) The effects of depth, distance, and the Mid-Atlantic Ridge on genetic differentiation of abyssal and hadal isopods ( Macrostylidae ). Deep Sea Research Part II: Topical Studies in Oceanography 148: 74–90. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.dsr2.2017.10.005 | Bober S, Brix S, Riehl T, Schwentner M, Brandt A (2018) Does the Mid-Atlantic Ridge affect the distribution of abyssal benthic crustaceans across the Atlantic Ocean? Deep-Sea Research Part II: Topical Studies in Oceanography 148: 91–104. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.dsr2.2018.02.013; associatedSequences: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/nuccore/LT909300.1 | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/nuccore/LT960453.1; occurrenceID: DB0AB22C-2CB9-5ECC-B925-6ED6A940219C; Taxon: scientificName: Macrostylis papandreas Johannsen, Riehl & Brandt ; kingdom: Animalia; phylum: Arthropoda; class: Malacostraca; order: Isopoda ; family: Macrostylidae ; genus: Macrostylis ; specificEpithet: papandreas ; scientificNameAuthorship: Johannsen, Riehl & Brandt; nomenclaturalCode: ICZN; Location: higherGeography: Atlantic Ocean; locality: Eastern Vema Fracture Zone, Vema-TRANSIT station SO 237-6 - 13 ; verbatimDepth: 5082 m; verbatimLatitude: 10 ° 21.82 ' N; verbatimLongitude: 36 ° 55.06 ' W; decimalLatitude: 10.36367; decimalLongitude: 36.91767; Identification: identifiedBy: Torben Riehl, Simon Bober; Event: samplingProtocol: Benthos trawl, Camera-Epibenthic Sledge, sieved through 0.3 mm mesh | Riehl T, Brenke N, Brix S, Driskell A, Kaiser S, Brandt A (2014) Field and laboratory methods for DNA studies on deep-sea isopod crustaceans. Polish Polar Research 35: 205–226. https://doi.org/10.2478/popore-2014-0018 | Devey CW (2015) RV SONNE Fahrtbericht / Cruise Report SO 237 Vema-TRANSIT. Geomar Report 23: 130. https://doi.org/10.3289/GEOMAR_REP_NS_23_2021; eventDate: 02 / 01 / 2015; habitat: abyssal sediment; fieldNumber: SO 237-6 - 7; Record Level: institutionCode: ZMH; collectionCode: K; basisOfRecord: PreservedSpecimen

Type status: Paratype. Occurrence: catalogNumber: ZMH K- 45167 ; recordNumber: VTMac 149; individualCount: 1; sex: male; lifeStage: adult; preparations: whole animal (ETOH); previousIdentifications: Macrostylis sp. Mlpap | MOTU Mlpap; associatedReferences: Riehl T, Lins L, Brandt A (2018) The effects of depth, distance, and the Mid-Atlantic Ridge on genetic differentiation of abyssal and hadal isopods ( Macrostylidae ). Deep Sea Research Part II: Topical Studies in Oceanography 148: 74–90. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.dsr2.2017.10.005 | Bober S, Brix S, Riehl T, Schwentner M, Brandt A (2018) Does the Mid-Atlantic Ridge affect the distribution of abyssal benthic crustaceans across the Atlantic Ocean? Deep-Sea Research Part II: Topical Studies in Oceanography 148: 91–104. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.dsr2.2018.02.014; associatedSequences: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/nuccore/LT909301.1; occurrenceID: C200C08A-28F0-5F9D-9EEA-19E7CBADE32E; Taxon: scientificName: Macrostylis papandreas Johannsen, Riehl & Brandt ; kingdom: Animalia; phylum: Arthropoda; class: Malacostraca; order: Isopoda ; family: Macrostylidae ; genus: Macrostylis ; specificEpithet: papandreas ; scientificNameAuthorship: Johannsen, Riehl & Brandt; nomenclaturalCode: ICZN; Location: higherGeography: Atlantic Ocean; locality: Eastern Vema Fracture Zone, Vema-TRANSIT station SO 237-6 - 14 ; verbatimDepth: 5082 m; verbatimLatitude: 10 ° 21.82 ' N; verbatimLongitude: 36 ° 55.06 ' W; decimalLatitude: 10.36367; decimalLongitude: 36.91767; Identification: identifiedBy: Torben Riehl, Simon Bober; Event: samplingProtocol: Benthos trawl, Camera-Epibenthic Sledge, sieved through 0.3 mm mesh | Riehl T, Brenke N, Brix S, Driskell A, Kaiser S, Brandt A (2014) Field and laboratory methods for DNA studies on deep-sea isopod crustaceans. Polish Polar Research 35: 205–226. https://doi.org/10.2478/popore-2014-0018 | Devey CW (2015) RV SONNE Fahrtbericht / Cruise Report SO 237 Vema-TRANSIT. Geomar Report 23: 130. https://doi.org/10.3289/GEOMAR_REP_NS_23_2022; eventDate: 02 / 01 / 2015; habitat: abyssal sediment; fieldNumber: SO 237-6 - 7; Record Level: institutionCode: ZMH; collectionCode: K; basisOfRecord: PreservedSpecimen

Type status: Paratype. Occurrence: catalogNumber: ZMH K- 45151 ; recordNumber: VTMac 150; individualCount: 1; sex: female; lifeStage: adult; preparations: whole animal (ETOH); previousIdentifications: Macrostylis sp. Mlpap | MOTU Mlpap; associatedReferences: Riehl T, Lins L, Brandt A (2018) The effects of depth, distance, and the Mid-Atlantic Ridge on genetic differentiation of abyssal and hadal isopods ( Macrostylidae ). Deep Sea Research Part II: Topical Studies in Oceanography 148: 74–90. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.dsr2.2017.10.005 | Bober S, Brix S, Riehl T, Schwentner M, Brandt A (2018) Does the Mid-Atlantic Ridge affect the distribution of abyssal benthic crustaceans across the Atlantic Ocean? Deep-Sea Research Part II: Topical Studies in Oceanography 148: 91–104. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.dsr2.2018.02.015; associatedSequences: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/nuccore/LT909302.1; occurrenceID: CE232998-FB12-5D1D-AEDC-43835D29E575; Taxon: scientificName: Macrostylis papandreas Johannsen, Riehl & Brandt ; kingdom: Animalia; phylum: Arthropoda; class: Malacostraca; order: Isopoda ; family: Macrostylidae ; genus: Macrostylis ; specificEpithet: papandreas ; scientificNameAuthorship: Johannsen, Riehl & Brandt; nomenclaturalCode: ICZN; Location: higherGeography: Atlantic Ocean; locality: Eastern Vema Fracture Zone, Vema-TRANSIT station SO 237-6 - 15 ; verbatimDepth: 5082 m; verbatimLatitude: 10 ° 21.82 ' N; verbatimLongitude: 36 ° 55.06 ' W; decimalLatitude: 10.36367; decimalLongitude: 36.91767; Identification: identifiedBy: Torben Riehl, Simon Bober; Event: samplingProtocol: Benthos trawl, Camera-Epibenthic Sledge, sieved through 0.3 mm mesh | Riehl T, Brenke N, Brix S, Driskell A, Kaiser S, Brandt A (2014) Field and laboratory methods for DNA studies on deep-sea isopod crustaceans. Polish Polar Research 35: 205–226. https://doi.org/10.2478/popore-2014-0018 | Devey CW (2015) RV SONNE Fahrtbericht / Cruise Report SO 237 Vema-TRANSIT. Geomar Report 23: 130. https://doi.org/10.3289/GEOMAR_REP_NS_23_2023; eventDate: 02 / 01 / 2015; habitat: abyssal sediment; fieldNumber: SO 237-6 - 7; Record Level: institutionCode: ZMH; collectionCode: K; basisOfRecord: PreservedSpecimen

Type status: Paratype. Occurrence: catalogNumber: ZMH K- 45168 ; recordNumber: VTMac 151; individualCount: 1; sex: male; lifeStage: adult; preparations: whole animal (ETOH); previousIdentifications: Macrostylis sp. Mlpap | MOTU Mlpap; associatedReferences: Riehl T, Lins L, Brandt A (2018) The effects of depth, distance, and the Mid-Atlantic Ridge on genetic differentiation of abyssal and hadal isopods ( Macrostylidae ). Deep Sea Research Part II: Topical Studies in Oceanography 148: 74–90. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.dsr2.2017.10.005 | Bober S, Brix S, Riehl T, Schwentner M, Brandt A (2018) Does the Mid-Atlantic Ridge affect the distribution of abyssal benthic crustaceans across the Atlantic Ocean? Deep-Sea Research Part II: Topical Studies in Oceanography 148: 91–104. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.dsr2.2018.02.016; associatedSequences: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/nuccore/LT909303.1; occurrenceID: E0FFE2A7-97F0-5746-99DD-982F611659A4; Taxon: scientificName: Macrostylis papandreas Johannsen, Riehl & Brandt ; kingdom: Animalia; phylum: Arthropoda; class: Malacostraca; order: Isopoda ; family: Macrostylidae ; genus: Macrostylis ; specificEpithet: papandreas ; scientificNameAuthorship: Johannsen, Riehl & Brandt; nomenclaturalCode: ICZN; Location: higherGeography: Atlantic Ocean; locality: Eastern Vema Fracture Zone, Vema-TRANSIT station SO 237-6 - 16 ; verbatimDepth: 5082 m; verbatimLatitude: 10 ° 21.82 ' N; verbatimLongitude: 36 ° 55.06 ' W; decimalLatitude: 10.36367; decimalLongitude: 36.91767; Identification: identifiedBy: Torben Riehl, Simon Bober; Event: samplingProtocol: Benthos trawl, Camera-Epibenthic Sledge, sieved through 0.3 mm mesh | Riehl T, Brenke N, Brix S, Driskell A, Kaiser S, Brandt A (2014) Field and laboratory methods for DNA studies on deep-sea isopod crustaceans. Polish Polar Research 35: 205–226. https://doi.org/10.2478/popore-2014-0018 | Devey CW (2015) RV SONNE Fahrtbericht / Cruise Report SO 237 Vema-TRANSIT. Geomar Report 23: 130. https://doi.org/10.3289/GEOMAR_REP_NS_23_2024; eventDate: 02 / 01 / 2015; habitat: abyssal sediment; fieldNumber: SO 237-6 - 7; Record Level: institutionCode: ZMH; collectionCode: K; basisOfRecord: PreservedSpecimen

Type status: Paratype. Occurrence: catalogNumber: ZMH K- 45152 ; recordNumber: VTMac 156; individualCount: 1; sex: female; lifeStage: adult; preparations: whole animal (ETOH); previousIdentifications: Macrostylis sp. Mlpap | MOTU Mlpap; associatedReferences: Riehl T, Lins L, Brandt A (2018) The effects of depth, distance, and the Mid-Atlantic Ridge on genetic differentiation of abyssal and hadal isopods ( Macrostylidae ). Deep Sea Research Part II: Topical Studies in Oceanography 148: 74–90. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.dsr2.2017.10.005 | Bober S, Brix S, Riehl T, Schwentner M, Brandt A (2018) Does the Mid-Atlantic Ridge affect the distribution of abyssal benthic crustaceans across the Atlantic Ocean? Deep-Sea Research Part II: Topical Studies in Oceanography 148: 91–104. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.dsr2.2018.02.017; associatedSequences: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/nuccore/LT909308.1 | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/nuccore/LT960454.1; occurrenceID: 78521BA3-8316-5272-83AE-448DFDB28C29; Taxon: scientificName: Macrostylis papandreas Johannsen, Riehl & Brandt ; kingdom: Animalia; phylum: Arthropoda; class: Malacostraca; order: Isopoda ; family: Macrostylidae ; genus: Macrostylis ; specificEpithet: papandreas ; scientificNameAuthorship: Johannsen, Riehl & Brandt; nomenclaturalCode: ICZN; Location: higherGeography: Atlantic Ocean; locality: Eastern Vema Fracture Zone, Vema-TRANSIT station SO 237-6 - 17 ; verbatimDepth: 5082 m; verbatimLatitude: 10 ° 21.82 ' N; verbatimLongitude: 36 ° 55.06 ' W; decimalLatitude: 10.36367; decimalLongitude: 36.91767; Identification: identifiedBy: Torben Riehl, Simon Bober; Event: samplingProtocol: Benthos trawl, Camera-Epibenthic Sledge, sieved through 0.3 mm mesh | Riehl T, Brenke N, Brix S, Driskell A, Kaiser S, Brandt A (2014) Field and laboratory methods for DNA studies on deep-sea isopod crustaceans. Polish Polar Research 35: 205–226. https://doi.org/10.2478/popore-2014-0018 | Devey CW (2015) RV SONNE Fahrtbericht / Cruise Report SO 237 Vema-TRANSIT. Geomar Report 23: 130. https://doi.org/10.3289/GEOMAR_REP_NS_23_2025; eventDate: 02 / 01 / 2015; habitat: abyssal sediment; fieldNumber: SO 237-6 - 7; Record Level: institutionCode: ZMH; collectionCode: K; basisOfRecord: PreservedSpecimen

Type status: Paratype. Occurrence: catalogNumber: ZMH K- 45153 ; recordNumber: VTMac 157; individualCount: 1; sex: female; lifeStage: adult; preparations: whole animal (ETOH); previousIdentifications: Macrostylis sp. Mlpap | MOTU Mlpap; associatedReferences: Riehl T, Lins L, Brandt A (2018) The effects of depth, distance, and the Mid-Atlantic Ridge on genetic differentiation of abyssal and hadal isopods ( Macrostylidae ). Deep Sea Research Part II: Topical Studies in Oceanography 148: 74–90. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.dsr2.2017.10.005 | Bober S, Brix S, Riehl T, Schwentner M, Brandt A (2018) Does the Mid-Atlantic Ridge affect the distribution of abyssal benthic crustaceans across the Atlantic Ocean? Deep-Sea Research Part II: Topical Studies in Oceanography 148: 91–104. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.dsr2.2018.02.018; associatedSequences: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/nuccore/LT909309.1 | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/nuccore/LT960455.1; occurrenceID: 3AB1E376-03DA-52AC-9411-5F56053D54B8; Taxon: scientificName: Macrostylis papandreas Johannsen, Riehl & Brandt ; kingdom: Animalia; phylum: Arthropoda; class: Malacostraca; order: Isopoda ; family: Macrostylidae ; genus: Macrostylis ; specificEpithet: papandreas ; scientificNameAuthorship: Johannsen, Riehl & Brandt; nomenclaturalCode: ICZN; Location: higherGeography: Atlantic Ocean; locality: Eastern Vema Fracture Zone, Vema-TRANSIT station SO 237-6 - 18 ; verbatimDepth: 5082 m; verbatimLatitude: 10 ° 21.82 ' N; verbatimLongitude: 36 ° 55.06 ' W; decimalLatitude: 10.36367; decimalLongitude: 36.91767; Identification: identifiedBy: Torben Riehl, Simon Bober; Event: samplingProtocol: Benthos trawl, Camera-Epibenthic Sledge, sieved through 0.3 mm mesh | Riehl T, Brenke N, Brix S, Driskell A, Kaiser S, Brandt A (2014) Field and laboratory methods for DNA studies on deep-sea isopod crustaceans. Polish Polar Research 35: 205–226. https://doi.org/10.2478/popore-2014-0018 | Devey CW (2015) RV SONNE Fahrtbericht / Cruise Report SO 237 Vema-TRANSIT. Geomar Report 23: 130. https://doi.org/10.3289/GEOMAR_REP_NS_23_2026; eventDate: 02 / 01 / 2015; habitat: abyssal sediment; fieldNumber: SO 237-6 - 7; Record Level: institutionCode: ZMH; collectionCode: K; basisOfRecord: PreservedSpecimen

Type status: Paratype. Occurrence: catalogNumber: ZMH K- 45154 ; recordNumber: VTMac 166; individualCount: 1; sex: female; lifeStage: adult; preparations: whole animal (ETOH); previousIdentifications: Macrostylis sp. Mlpap | MOTU Mlpap; associatedReferences: Riehl T, Lins L, Brandt A (2018) The effects of depth, distance, and the Mid-Atlantic Ridge on genetic differentiation of abyssal and hadal isopods ( Macrostylidae ). Deep Sea Research Part II: Topical Studies in Oceanography 148: 74–90. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.dsr2.2017.10.005 | Bober S, Brix S, Riehl T, Schwentner M, Brandt A (2018) Does the Mid-Atlantic Ridge affect the distribution of abyssal benthic crustaceans across the Atlantic Ocean? Deep-Sea Research Part II: Topical Studies in Oceanography 148: 91–104. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.dsr2.2018.02.019; associatedSequences: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/nuccore/LT909318.1; occurrenceID: 1D8DCEAA-CF02-5DBC-B7BF-4F9B56720F72; Taxon: scientificName: Macrostylis papandreas Johannsen, Riehl & Brandt ; kingdom: Animalia; phylum: Arthropoda; class: Malacostraca; order: Isopoda ; family: Macrostylidae ; genus: Macrostylis ; specificEpithet: papandreas ; scientificNameAuthorship: Johannsen, Riehl & Brandt; nomenclaturalCode: ICZN; Location: higherGeography: Atlantic Ocean; locality: Eastern Vema Fracture Zone, Vema-TRANSIT station SO 237-6 - 19 ; verbatimDepth: 5082 m; verbatimLatitude: 10 ° 21.82 ' N; verbatimLongitude: 36 ° 55.06 ' W; decimalLatitude: 10.36367; decimalLongitude: 36.91767; Identification: identifiedBy: Torben Riehl, Simon Bober; Event: samplingProtocol: Benthos trawl, Camera-Epibenthic Sledge, sieved through 0.3 mm mesh | Riehl T, Brenke N, Brix S, Driskell A, Kaiser S, Brandt A (2014) Field and laboratory methods for DNA studies on deep-sea isopod crustaceans. Polish Polar Research 35: 205–226. https://doi.org/10.2478/popore-2014-0018 | Devey CW (2015) RV SONNE Fahrtbericht / Cruise Report SO 237 Vema-TRANSIT. Geomar Report 23: 130. https://doi.org/10.3289/GEOMAR_REP_NS_23_2027; eventDate: 02 / 01 / 2015; habitat: abyssal sediment; fieldNumber: SO 237-6 - 7; Record Level: institutionCode: ZMH; collectionCode: K; basisOfRecord: PreservedSpecimen

Type status: Paratype. Occurrence: catalogNumber: ZMH K- 45155 ; recordNumber: VTMac 167; individualCount: 1; sex: female; lifeStage: adult; preparations: whole animal (ETOH); previousIdentifications: Macrostylis sp. Mlpap | MOTU Mlpap; associatedReferences: Riehl T, Lins L, Brandt A (2018) The effects of depth, distance, and the Mid-Atlantic Ridge on genetic differentiation of abyssal and hadal isopods ( Macrostylidae ). Deep Sea Research Part II: Topical Studies in Oceanography 148: 74–90. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.dsr2.2017.10.005 | Bober S, Brix S, Riehl T, Schwentner M, Brandt A (2018) Does the Mid-Atlantic Ridge affect the distribution of abyssal benthic crustaceans across the Atlantic Ocean? Deep-Sea Research Part II: Topical Studies in Oceanography 148: 91–104. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.dsr2.2018.02.020; associatedSequences: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/nuccore/LT909319.1 | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/nuccore/LT960456.1; occurrenceID: 077F3413-E76D-5D2A-9483-99DBC43F3D1C; Taxon: scientificName: Macrostylis papandreas Johannsen, Riehl & Brandt ; kingdom: Animalia; phylum: Arthropoda; class: Malacostraca; order: Isopoda ; family: Macrostylidae ; genus: Macrostylis ; specificEpithet: papandreas ; scientificNameAuthorship: Johannsen, Riehl & Brandt; nomenclaturalCode: ICZN; Location: higherGeography: Atlantic Ocean; locality: Eastern Vema Fracture Zone, Vema-TRANSIT station SO 237-6 - 20 ; verbatimDepth: 5082 m; verbatimLatitude: 10 ° 21.82 ' N; verbatimLongitude: 36 ° 55.06 ' W; decimalLatitude: 10.36367; decimalLongitude: 36.91767; Identification: identifiedBy: Torben Riehl, Simon Bober; Event: samplingProtocol: Benthos trawl, Camera-Epibenthic Sledge, sieved through 0.3 mm mesh | Riehl T, Brenke N, Brix S, Driskell A, Kaiser S, Brandt A (2014) Field and laboratory methods for DNA studies on deep-sea isopod crustaceans. Polish Polar Research 35: 205–226. https://doi.org/10.2478/popore-2014-0018 | Devey CW (2015) RV SONNE Fahrtbericht / Cruise Report SO 237 Vema-TRANSIT. Geomar Report 23: 130. https://doi.org/10.3289/GEOMAR_REP_NS_23_2028; eventDate: 02 / 01 / 2015; habitat: abyssal sediment; fieldNumber: SO 237-6 - 7; Record Level: institutionCode: ZMH; collectionCode: K; basisOfRecord: PreservedSpecimen

Type status: Other material. Occurrence: catalogNumber: ZMH K- 45156 ; recordNumber: VTMac 182; individualCount: 1; sex: female; lifeStage: ovigerous; preparations: whole animal (ETOH); previousIdentifications: Macrostylis sp. Mlpap | MOTU Mlpap; associatedReferences: Riehl T, Lins L, Brandt A (2018) The effects of depth, distance, and the Mid-Atlantic Ridge on genetic differentiation of abyssal and hadal isopods ( Macrostylidae ). Deep Sea Research Part II: Topical Studies in Oceanography 148: 74–90. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.dsr2.2017.10.005 | Bober S, Brix S, Riehl T, Schwentner M, Brandt A (2018) Does the Mid-Atlantic Ridge affect the distribution of abyssal benthic crustaceans across the Atlantic Ocean? Deep-Sea Research Part II: Topical Studies in Oceanography 148: 91–104. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.dsr2.2018.02.021; associatedSequences: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/nuccore/LT909333.1 | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/nuccore/LT960457.1; occurrenceID: F758E488-918A-57D0-B9C5-6594B0DDFE14; Taxon: scientificName: Macrostylis papandreas Johannsen, Riehl & Brandt ; kingdom: Animalia; phylum: Arthropoda; class: Malacostraca; order: Isopoda ; family: Macrostylidae ; genus: Macrostylis ; specificEpithet: papandreas ; scientificNameAuthorship: Johannsen, Riehl & Brandt; nomenclaturalCode: ICZN; Location: higherGeography: Atlantic Ocean; locality: Western Vema Fracture Zone, Vema-TRANSIT station SO 237-9 - 8 ; verbatimDepth: 5002.5 m; verbatimLatitude: 11 ° 39.36 ' N; verbatimLongitude: 47 ° 53.99 ' W; decimalLatitude: 11.656; decimalLongitude: 47.89983; Identification: identifiedBy: Torben Riehl, Simon Bober; Event: samplingProtocol: Benthos trawl, Camera-Epibenthic Sledge, sieved through 0.3 mm mesh | Riehl T, Brenke N, Brix S, Driskell A, Kaiser S, Brandt A (2014) Field and laboratory methods for DNA studies on deep-sea isopod crustaceans. Polish Polar Research 35: 205–226. https://doi.org/10.2478/popore-2014-0018 | Devey CW (2015) RV SONNE Fahrtbericht / Cruise Report SO 237 Vema-TRANSIT. Geomar Report 23: 130. https://doi.org/10.3289/GEOMAR_REP_NS_23_2029; eventDate: 12 / 01 / 2015; habitat: abyssal sediment; fieldNumber: SO 237-9 - 8; Record Level: institutionCode: ZMH; collectionCode: K; basisOfRecord: PreservedSpecimen

Type status: Other material. Occurrence: catalogNumber: ZMH K- 45157 ; recordNumber: VTMac 183; individualCount: 1; sex: female; lifeStage: adult; preparations: whole animal (ETOH); previousIdentifications: Macrostylis sp. Mlpap | MOTU Mlpap; associatedReferences: Riehl T, Lins L, Brandt A (2018) The effects of depth, distance, and the Mid-Atlantic Ridge on genetic differentiation of abyssal and hadal isopods ( Macrostylidae ). Deep Sea Research Part II: Topical Studies in Oceanography 148: 74–90. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.dsr2.2017.10.005 | Bober S, Brix S, Riehl T, Schwentner M, Brandt A (2018) Does the Mid-Atlantic Ridge affect the distribution of abyssal benthic crustaceans across the Atlantic Ocean? Deep-Sea Research Part II: Topical Studies in Oceanography 148: 91–104. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.dsr2.2018.02.022; associatedSequences: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/nuccore/MN735415.1 | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/nuccore/LT909334.1 | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/nuccore/LT960458.1; occurrenceID: 36D89543-2F04-5CC5-8F93-6A6FD4CFB9AC; Taxon: scientificName: Macrostylis papandreas Johannsen, Riehl & Brandt ; kingdom: Animalia; phylum: Arthropoda; class: Malacostraca; order: Isopoda ; family: Macrostylidae ; genus: Macrostylis ; specificEpithet: papandreas ; scientificNameAuthorship: Johannsen, Riehl & Brandt; nomenclaturalCode: ICZN; Location: higherGeography: Atlantic Ocean; locality: Western Vema Fracture Zone, Vema-TRANSIT station SO 237-9 - 8 ; verbatimDepth: 5002.5 m; verbatimLatitude: 11 ° 39.36 ' N; verbatimLongitude: 47 ° 53.99 ' W; decimalLatitude: 11.656; decimalLongitude: 47.89983; Identification: identifiedBy: Torben Riehl, Simon Bober; Event: samplingProtocol: Benthos trawl, Camera-Epibenthic Sledge, sieved through 0.3 mm mesh | Riehl T, Brenke N, Brix S, Driskell A, Kaiser S, Brandt A (2014) Field and laboratory methods for DNA studies on deep-sea isopod crustaceans. Polish Polar Research 35: 205–226. https://doi.org/10.2478/popore-2014-0018 | Devey CW (2015) RV SONNE Fahrtbericht / Cruise Report SO 237 Vema-TRANSIT. Geomar Report 23: 130. https://doi.org/10.3289/GEOMAR_REP_NS_23_2030; eventDate: 12 / 01 / 2015; habitat: abyssal sediment; fieldNumber: SO 237-9 - 8; Record Level: institutionCode: ZMH; collectionCode: K; basisOfRecord: PreservedSpecimen

Type status: Other material. Occurrence: catalogNumber: ZMH K- 45158 ; recordNumber: VTMac 184; individualCount: 1; sex: female; lifeStage: adult; preparations: whole animal (ETOH); previousIdentifications: Macrostylis sp. Mlpap | MOTU Mlpap; associatedReferences: Riehl T, Lins L, Brandt A (2018) The effects of depth, distance, and the Mid-Atlantic Ridge on genetic differentiation of abyssal and hadal isopods ( Macrostylidae ). Deep Sea Research Part II: Topical Studies in Oceanography 148: 74–90. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.dsr2.2017.10.005 | Bober S, Brix S, Riehl T, Schwentner M, Brandt A (2018) Does the Mid-Atlantic Ridge affect the distribution of abyssal benthic crustaceans across the Atlantic Ocean? Deep-Sea Research Part II: Topical Studies in Oceanography 148: 91–104. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.dsr2.2018.02.023; associatedSequences: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/nuccore/MN735416.1 | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/nuccore/LT909335.1 | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/nuccore/LT960459.1; occurrenceID: 86A1304A-19D9-55D0-A781-2D8656D5E24A; Taxon: scientificName: Macrostylis papandreas Johannsen, Riehl & Brandt ; kingdom: Animalia; phylum: Arthropoda; class: Malacostraca; order: Isopoda ; family: Macrostylidae ; genus: Macrostylis ; specificEpithet: papandreas ; scientificNameAuthorship: Johannsen, Riehl & Brandt; nomenclaturalCode: ICZN; Location: higherGeography: Atlantic Ocean; locality: Western Vema Fracture Zone, Vema-TRANSIT station SO 237-9 - 8 ; verbatimDepth: 5002.5 m; verbatimLatitude: 11 ° 39.36 ' N; verbatimLongitude: 47 ° 53.99 ' W; decimalLatitude: 11.656; decimalLongitude: 47.89983; Identification: identifiedBy: Torben Riehl, Simon Bober; Event: samplingProtocol: Benthos trawl, Camera-Epibenthic Sledge, sieved through 0.3 mm mesh | Riehl T, Brenke N, Brix S, Driskell A, Kaiser S, Brandt A (2014) Field and laboratory methods for DNA studies on deep-sea isopod crustaceans. Polish Polar Research 35: 205–226. https://doi.org/10.2478/popore-2014-0018 | Devey CW (2015) RV SONNE Fahrtbericht / Cruise Report SO 237 Vema-TRANSIT. Geomar Report 23: 130. https://doi.org/10.3289/GEOMAR_REP_NS_23_2031; eventDate: 12 / 01 / 2015; habitat: abyssal sediment; fieldNumber: SO 237-9 - 8; Record Level: institutionCode: ZMH; collectionCode: K; basisOfRecord: PreservedSpecimen

Type status: Other material. Occurrence: catalogNumber: ZMH K- 45145 ; recordNumber: VTMac 186; individualCount: 1; sex: neuter; lifeStage: manca; preparations: whole animal (ETOH); previousIdentifications: Macrostylis sp. Mlpap | MOTU Mlpap; associatedReferences: Riehl T, Lins L, Brandt A (2018) The effects of depth, distance, and the Mid-Atlantic Ridge on genetic differentiation of abyssal and hadal isopods ( Macrostylidae ). Deep Sea Research Part II: Topical Studies in Oceanography 148: 74–90. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.dsr2.2017.10.005 | Bober S, Brix S, Riehl T, Schwentner M, Brandt A (2018) Does the Mid-Atlantic Ridge affect the distribution of abyssal benthic crustaceans across the Atlantic Ocean? Deep-Sea Research Part II: Topical Studies in Oceanography 148: 91–104. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.dsr2.2018.02.024; associatedSequences: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/nuccore/MN735418.1 | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/nuccore/LT909337.1 | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/nuccore/LT960460.1; occurrenceID: 1CE6F0F0-B733-5B2E-BFE3-AAFADF30F34A; Taxon: scientificName: Macrostylis papandreas Johannsen, Riehl & Brandt ; kingdom: Animalia; phylum: Arthropoda; class: Malacostraca; order: Isopoda ; family: Macrostylidae ; genus: Macrostylis ; specificEpithet: papandreas ; scientificNameAuthorship: Johannsen, Riehl & Brandt; nomenclaturalCode: ICZN; Location: higherGeography: Atlantic Ocean; locality: Western Vema Fracture Zone, Vema-TRANSIT station SO 237-9 - 8 ; verbatimDepth: 5002.5 m; verbatimLatitude: 11 ° 39.36 ' N; verbatimLongitude: 47 ° 53.99 ' W; decimalLatitude: 11.656; decimalLongitude: 47.89983; Identification: identifiedBy: Torben Riehl, Simon Bober; Event: samplingProtocol: Benthos trawl, Camera-Epibenthic Sledge, sieved through 0.3 mm mesh | Riehl T, Brenke N, Brix S, Driskell A, Kaiser S, Brandt A (2014) Field and laboratory methods for DNA studies on deep-sea isopod crustaceans. Polish Polar Research 35: 205–226. https://doi.org/10.2478/popore-2014-0018 | Devey CW (2015) RV SONNE Fahrtbericht / Cruise Report SO 237 Vema-TRANSIT. Geomar Report 23: 130. https://doi.org/10.3289/GEOMAR_REP_NS_23_2032; eventDate: 12 / 01 / 2015; habitat: abyssal sediment; fieldNumber: SO 237-9 - 8; Record Level: institutionCode: ZMH; collectionCode: K; basisOfRecord: PreservedSpecimen

Type status: Other material. Occurrence: catalogNumber: ZMH K- 45169 ; recordNumber: VTMac 187; individualCount: 1; sex: male; lifeStage: adult; preparations: whole animal (ETOH); previousIdentifications: Macrostylis sp. Mlpap | MOTU Mlpap; associatedReferences: Riehl T, Lins L, Brandt A (2018) The effects of depth, distance, and the Mid-Atlantic Ridge on genetic differentiation of abyssal and hadal isopods ( Macrostylidae ). Deep Sea Research Part II: Topical Studies in Oceanography 148: 74–90. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.dsr2.2017.10.005 | Bober S, Brix S, Riehl T, Schwentner M, Brandt A (2018) Does the Mid-Atlantic Ridge affect the distribution of abyssal benthic crustaceans across the Atlantic Ocean? Deep-Sea Research Part II: Topical Studies in Oceanography 148: 91–104. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.dsr2.2018.02.025; associatedSequences: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/nuccore/MN735419.1 | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/nuccore/LT909338.1; occurrenceID: 9394B072-47B1-5931-A983-7D8D0A48DE0F; Taxon: scientificName: Macrostylis papandreas Johannsen, Riehl & Brandt ; kingdom: Animalia; phylum: Arthropoda; class: Malacostraca; order: Isopoda ; family: Macrostylidae ; genus: Macrostylis ; specificEpithet: papandreas ; scientificNameAuthorship: Johannsen, Riehl & Brandt; nomenclaturalCode: ICZN; Location: higherGeography: Atlantic Ocean; locality: Western Vema Fracture Zone, Vema-TRANSIT station SO 237-11 - 1 ; verbatimDepth: 5090.5 m; verbatimLatitude: 12 ° 05.84 ' N; verbatimLongitude: 50 ° 27.97 ' W; decimalLatitude: 12.0973; decimalLongitude: 50.466167; Identification: identifiedBy: Torben Riehl, Simon Bober; Event: samplingProtocol: Benthos trawl, Camera-Epibenthic Sledge, sieved through 0.3 mm mesh | Riehl T, Brenke N, Brix S, Driskell A, Kaiser S, Brandt A (2014) Field and laboratory methods for DNA studies on deep-sea isopod crustaceans. Polish Polar Research 35: 205–226. https://doi.org/10.2478/popore-2014-0018 | Devey CW (2015) RV SONNE Fahrtbericht / Cruise Report SO 237 Vema-TRANSIT. Geomar Report 23: 130. https://doi.org/10.3289/GEOMAR_REP_NS_23_2033; eventDate: 14 / 01 / 2015; habitat: abyssal sediment; fieldNumber: SO 237-11 - 1; Record Level: institutionCode: ZMH; collectionCode: K; basisOfRecord: PreservedSpecimen

Type status: Other material. Occurrence: catalogNumber: ZMH K- 45159 ; recordNumber: VTMac 189; individualCount: 1; sex: female; lifeStage: ovigerous; preparations: whole animal (ETOH); previousIdentifications: Macrostylis sp. Mlpap | MOTU Mlpap; associatedReferences: Riehl T, Lins L, Brandt A (2018) The effects of depth, distance, and the Mid-Atlantic Ridge on genetic differentiation of abyssal and hadal isopods ( Macrostylidae ). Deep Sea Research Part II: Topical Studies in Oceanography 148: 74–90. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.dsr2.2017.10.005 | Bober S, Brix S, Riehl T, Schwentner M, Brandt A (2018) Does the Mid-Atlantic Ridge affect the distribution of abyssal benthic crustaceans across the Atlantic Ocean? Deep-Sea Research Part II: Topical Studies in Oceanography 148: 91–104. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.dsr2.2018.02.026; associatedSequences: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/nuccore/LT909340.1; occurrenceID: 6D85388A-8C77-5108-8590-AC26EA612546; Taxon: scientificName: Macrostylis papandreas Johannsen, Riehl & Brandt ; kingdom: Animalia; phylum: Arthropoda; class: Malacostraca; order: Isopoda ; family: Macrostylidae ; genus: Macrostylis ; specificEpithet: papandreas ; scientificNameAuthorship: Johannsen, Riehl & Brandt; nomenclaturalCode: ICZN; Location: higherGeography: Atlantic Ocean; locality: Western Vema Fracture Zone, Vema-TRANSIT station SO 237-11 - 1 ; verbatimDepth: 5090.5 m; verbatimLatitude: 12 ° 05.84 ' N; verbatimLongitude: 50 ° 27.97 ' W; decimalLatitude: 12.0973; decimalLongitude: 50.466167; Identification: identifiedBy: Torben Riehl, Simon Bober; Event: samplingProtocol: Benthos trawl, Camera-Epibenthic Sledge, sieved through 0.3 mm mesh | Riehl T, Brenke N, Brix S, Driskell A, Kaiser S, Brandt A (2014) Field and laboratory methods for DNA studies on deep-sea isopod crustaceans. Polish Polar Research 35: 205–226. https://doi.org/10.2478/popore-2014-0018 | Devey CW (2015) RV SONNE Fahrtbericht / Cruise Report SO 237 Vema-TRANSIT. Geomar Report 23: 130. https://doi.org/10.3289/GEOMAR_REP_NS_23_2034; eventDate: 14 / 01 / 2015; habitat: abyssal sediment; fieldNumber: SO 237-11 - 1; Record Level: institutionCode: ZMH; collectionCode: K; basisOfRecord: PreservedSpecimen

Type status: Other material. Occurrence: catalogNumber: ZMH K- 45160 ; recordNumber: VTMac 190; individualCount: 1; sex: female; lifeStage: adult; preparations: whole animal (ETOH); previousIdentifications: Macrostylis sp. Mlpap | MOTU Mlpap; associatedReferences: Riehl T, Lins L, Brandt A (2018) The effects of depth, distance, and the Mid-Atlantic Ridge on genetic differentiation of abyssal and hadal isopods ( Macrostylidae ). Deep Sea Research Part II: Topical Studies in Oceanography 148: 74–90. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.dsr2.2017.10.005 | Bober S, Brix S, Riehl T, Schwentner M, Brandt A (2018) Does the Mid-Atlantic Ridge affect the distribution of abyssal benthic crustaceans across the Atlantic Ocean? Deep-Sea Research Part II: Topical Studies in Oceanography 148: 91–104. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.dsr2.2018.02.027; associatedSequences: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/nuccore/LT909341.1; occurrenceID: 54F30307-3ED1-5EA6-A41A-B57052D9C427; Taxon: scientificName: Macrostylis papandreas Johannsen, Riehl & Brandt ; kingdom: Animalia; phylum: Arthropoda; class: Malacostraca; order: Isopoda ; family: Macrostylidae ; genus: Macrostylis ; specificEpithet: papandreas ; scientificNameAuthorship: Johannsen, Riehl & Brandt; nomenclaturalCode: ICZN; Location: higherGeography: Atlantic Ocean; locality: Western Vema Fracture Zone, Vema-TRANSIT station SO 237-11 - 1 ; verbatimDepth: 5090.5 m; verbatimLatitude: 12 ° 05.84 ' N; verbatimLongitude: 50 ° 27.97 ' W; decimalLatitude: 12.0973; decimalLongitude: 50.466167; Identification: identifiedBy: Torben Riehl, Simon Bober; Event: samplingProtocol: Benthos trawl, Camera-Epibenthic Sledge, sieved through 0.3 mm mesh | Riehl T, Brenke N, Brix S, Driskell A, Kaiser S, Brandt A (2014) Field and laboratory methods for DNA studies on deep-sea isopod crustaceans. Polish Polar Research 35: 205–226. https://doi.org/10.2478/popore-2014-0018 | Devey CW (2015) RV SONNE Fahrtbericht / Cruise Report SO 237 Vema-TRANSIT. Geomar Report 23: 130. https://doi.org/10.3289/GEOMAR_REP_NS_23_2035; eventDate: 14 / 01 / 2015; habitat: abyssal sediment; fieldNumber: SO 237-11 - 1; Record Level: institutionCode: ZMH; collectionCode: K; basisOfRecord: PreservedSpecimen

Type status: Other material. Occurrence: catalogNumber: ZMH K- 45161 ; recordNumber: VTMac 192; individualCount: 1; sex: female; lifeStage: ovigerous; preparations: whole animal (ETOH); previousIdentifications: Macrostylis sp. Mlpap | MOTU Mlpap; associatedReferences: Riehl T, Lins L, Brandt A (2018) The effects of depth, distance, and the Mid-Atlantic Ridge on genetic differentiation of abyssal and hadal isopods ( Macrostylidae ). Deep Sea Research Part II: Topical Studies in Oceanography 148: 74–90. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.dsr2.2017.10.005 | Bober S, Brix S, Riehl T, Schwentner M, Brandt A (2018) Does the Mid-Atlantic Ridge affect the distribution of abyssal benthic crustaceans across the Atlantic Ocean? Deep-Sea Research Part II: Topical Studies in Oceanography 148: 91–104. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.dsr2.2018.02.028; associatedSequences: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/nuccore/LT909343.1; occurrenceID: F3E2DBEB-7968-5FDF-A61B-766C7B8E3BBC; Taxon: scientificName: Macrostylis papandreas Johannsen, Riehl & Brandt ; kingdom: Animalia; phylum: Arthropoda; class: Malacostraca; order: Isopoda ; family: Macrostylidae ; genus: Macrostylis ; specificEpithet: papandreas ; scientificNameAuthorship: Johannsen, Riehl & Brandt; nomenclaturalCode: ICZN; Location: higherGeography: Atlantic Ocean; locality: Western Vema Fracture Zone, Vema-TRANSIT station SO 237-9 - 8 ; verbatimDepth: 5002.5 m; verbatimLatitude: 11 ° 39.36 ' N; verbatimLongitude: 47 ° 53.99 ' W; decimalLatitude: 11.656; decimalLongitude: 47.89983; Identification: identifiedBy: Torben Riehl, Simon Bober; Event: samplingProtocol: Benthos trawl, Camera-Epibenthic Sledge, sieved through 0.3 mm mesh | Riehl T, Brenke N, Brix S, Driskell A, Kaiser S, Brandt A (2014) Field and laboratory methods for DNA studies on deep-sea isopod crustaceans. Polish Polar Research 35: 205–226. https://doi.org/10.2478/popore-2014-0018 | Devey CW (2015) RV SONNE Fahrtbericht / Cruise Report SO 237 Vema-TRANSIT. Geomar Report 23: 130. https://doi.org/10.3289/GEOMAR_REP_NS_23_2036; eventDate: 12 / 01 / 2015; habitat: abyssal sediment; fieldNumber: SO 237-9 - 8; Record Level: institutionCode: ZMH; collectionCode: K; basisOfRecord: PreservedSpecimen

Type status: Other material. Occurrence: catalogNumber: ZMH K- 45162 ; recordNumber: VTMac 194; individualCount: 1; sex: female; lifeStage: ovigerous; preparations: whole animal (ETOH); previousIdentifications: Macrostylis sp. Mlpap | MOTU Mlpap; associatedReferences: Riehl T, Lins L, Brandt A (2018) The effects of depth, distance, and the Mid-Atlantic Ridge on genetic differentiation of abyssal and hadal isopods ( Macrostylidae ). Deep Sea Research Part II: Topical Studies in Oceanography 148: 74–90. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.dsr2.2017.10.005 | Bober S, Brix S, Riehl T, Schwentner M, Brandt A (2018) Does the Mid-Atlantic Ridge affect the distribution of abyssal benthic crustaceans across the Atlantic Ocean? Deep-Sea Research Part II: Topical Studies in Oceanography 148: 91–104. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.dsr2.2018.02.029; associatedSequences: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/nuccore/MN735421.1 | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/nuccore/LT909344.1 | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/nuccore/LT960461.1; occurrenceID: 371C1BA6-CF27-59CD-883C-439FCBB44667; Taxon: scientificName: Macrostylis papandreas Johannsen, Riehl & Brandt ; kingdom: Animalia; phylum: Arthropoda; class: Malacostraca; order: Isopoda ; family: Macrostylidae ; genus: Macrostylis ; specificEpithet: papandreas ; scientificNameAuthorship: Johannsen, Riehl & Brandt; nomenclaturalCode: ICZN; Location: higherGeography: Atlantic Ocean; locality: Western Vema Fracture Zone, Vema-TRANSIT station SO 237-11 - 4 ; verbatimDepth: 5119 m; verbatimLatitude: 12 ° 04.83 ' N; verbatimLongitude: 50 ° 28.14 ' W; decimalLatitude: 12.0805; decimalLongitude: 50.469; Identification: identifiedBy: Torben Riehl, Simon Bober; Event: samplingProtocol: Benthos trawl, Camera-Epibenthic Sledge, sieved through 0.3 mm mesh | Riehl T, Brenke N, Brix S, Driskell A, Kaiser S, Brandt A (2014) Field and laboratory methods for DNA studies on deep-sea isopod crustaceans. Polish Polar Research 35: 205–226. https://doi.org/10.2478/popore-2014-0018 | Devey CW (2015) RV SONNE Fahrtbericht / Cruise Report SO 237 Vema-TRANSIT. Geomar Report 23: 130. https://doi.org/10.3289/GEOMAR_REP_NS_23_2037; eventDate: 14 / 01 / 2015; habitat: abyssal sediment; fieldNumber: SO 237-11 - 4; Record Level: institutionCode: ZMH; collectionCode: K; basisOfRecord: PreservedSpecimen

Type status: Other material. Occurrence: catalogNumber: ZMH K- 45163 ; recordNumber: VTMac 197; individualCount: 1; sex: female; lifeStage: ovigerous; preparations: whole animal (ETOH); previousIdentifications: Macrostylis sp. Mlpap | MOTU Mlpap; associatedReferences: Riehl T, Lins L, Brandt A (2018) The effects of depth, distance, and the Mid-Atlantic Ridge on genetic differentiation of abyssal and hadal isopods ( Macrostylidae ). Deep Sea Research Part II: Topical Studies in Oceanography 148: 74–90. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.dsr2.2017.10.005 | Bober S, Brix S, Riehl T, Schwentner M, Brandt A (2018) Does the Mid-Atlantic Ridge affect the distribution of abyssal benthic crustaceans across the Atlantic Ocean? Deep-Sea Research Part II: Topical Studies in Oceanography 148: 91–104. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.dsr2.2018.02.030; associatedSequences: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/nuccore/LT909347.1; occurrenceID: F5A9B2BC-9B66-5885-B3F5-EDC1C3899DAD; Taxon: scientificName: Macrostylis papandreas Johannsen, Riehl & Brandt ; kingdom: Animalia; phylum: Arthropoda; class: Malacostraca; order: Isopoda ; family: Macrostylidae ; genus: Macrostylis ; specificEpithet: papandreas ; scientificNameAuthorship: Johannsen, Riehl & Brandt; nomenclaturalCode: ICZN; Location: higherGeography: Atlantic Ocean; locality: Western Vema Fracture Zone, Vema-TRANSIT station SO 237-11 - 4 ; verbatimDepth: 5119 m; verbatimLatitude: 12 ° 04.83 ' N; verbatimLongitude: 50 ° 28.14 ' W; decimalLatitude: 12.0805; decimalLongitude: 50.469; Identification: identifiedBy: Torben Riehl, Simon Bober; Event: samplingProtocol: Benthos trawl, Camera-Epibenthic Sledge, sieved through 0.3 mm mesh | Riehl T, Brenke N, Brix S, Driskell A, Kaiser S, Brandt A (2014) Field and laboratory methods for DNA studies on deep-sea isopod crustaceans. Polish Polar Research 35: 205–226. https://doi.org/10.2478/popore-2014-0018 | Devey CW (2015) RV SONNE Fahrtbericht / Cruise Report SO 237 Vema-TRANSIT. Geomar Report 23: 130. https://doi.org/10.3289/GEOMAR_REP_NS_23_2038; eventDate: 14 / 01 / 2015; habitat: abyssal sediment; fieldNumber: SO 237-11 - 4; Record Level: institutionCode: ZMH; collectionCode: K; basisOfRecord: PreservedSpecimen

Type status: Other material. Occurrence: catalogNumber: ZMH K- 45164 ; recordNumber: VTMac 198; individualCount: 1; sex: female; lifeStage: ovigerous; preparations: whole animal (ETOH); previousIdentifications: Macrostylis sp. Mlpap | MOTU Mlpap; associatedReferences: Riehl T, Lins L, Brandt A (2018) The effects of depth, distance, and the Mid-Atlantic Ridge on genetic differentiation of abyssal and hadal isopods ( Macrostylidae ). Deep Sea Research Part II: Topical Studies in Oceanography 148: 74–90. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.dsr2.2017.10.005 | Bober S, Brix S, Riehl T, Schwentner M, Brandt A (2018) Does the Mid-Atlantic Ridge affect the distribution of abyssal benthic crustaceans across the Atlantic Ocean? Deep-Sea Research Part II: Topical Studies in Oceanography 148: 91–104. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.dsr2.2018.02.031; associatedSequences: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/nuccore/LT909348.1 | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/nuccore/LT960462.1; occurrenceID: 54F0B37A-7871-5682-8038-C4211E7B6E98; Taxon: scientificName: Macrostylis papandreas Johannsen, Riehl & Brandt ; kingdom: Animalia; phylum: Arthropoda; class: Malacostraca; order: Isopoda ; family: Macrostylidae ; genus: Macrostylis ; specificEpithet: papandreas ; scientificNameAuthorship: Johannsen, Riehl & Brandt; nomenclaturalCode: ICZN; Location: higherGeography: Atlantic Ocean; locality: Western Vema Fracture Zone, Vema-TRANSIT station SO 237-11 - 4 ; verbatimDepth: 5119 m; verbatimLatitude: 12 ° 04.83 ' N; verbatimLongitude: 50 ° 28.14 ' W; decimalLatitude: 12.0805; decimalLongitude: 50.469; Identification: identifiedBy: Torben Riehl, Simon Bober; Event: samplingProtocol: Benthos trawl, Camera-Epibenthic Sledge, sieved through 0.3 mm mesh | Riehl T, Brenke N, Brix S, Driskell A, Kaiser S, Brandt A (2014) Field and laboratory methods for DNA studies on deep-sea isopod crustaceans. Polish Polar Research 35: 205–226. https://doi.org/10.2478/popore-2014-0018 | Devey CW (2015) RV SONNE Fahrtbericht / Cruise Report SO 237 Vema-TRANSIT. Geomar Report 23: 130. https://doi.org/10.3289/GEOMAR_REP_NS_23_2039; eventDate: 14 / 01 / 2015; habitat: abyssal sediment; fieldNumber: SO 237-11 - 4; Record Level: institutionCode: ZMH; collectionCode: K; basisOfRecord: PreservedSpecimen

Description

Holotype: non-ovigerous female, 2.3 mm, ZMH K- 45148, Vema-TRANSIT station 6–7, designated here.

Paratypes: non-ovigerous female, 2.4 mm, ZMH K- 45149, same locality as holotype; adult male, 2.0 mm, ZMH K- 45166, dissected for illustration of the habitus and appendages, same locality as holotype; subadult male, 1.7 mm, ZMH K- 45167, used for illustration of the habitus, same locality as holotype.

Type locality: Vema-TRANSIT expedition ( SO- 237) station 6–7: tropical North Atlantic Ocean, eastern Vema Fracture Zone, start trawl at 10 ° 20.659 ' N, 36 ° 57.010 ' W; 5085 m depth; end trawl at 10 ° 21.547 ' N, 36 ° 55.585 ' W; 5079 m depth; 02. January 2015, R / V SONNE.

Further records: Western Vema Fracture Zone, Vema-TRANSIT expedition ( SO- 237) stations SO 237-9 - 8, SO 237-11 - 1 and SO 237-11 - 4.

Description of non-ovigerous and ovigerous female

Body (Figs 25 , 26 , 27 , 28 ) shape widest in anterior half, narrowing posteriorly; length 2.1–2.4 mm, 4.7–5.0 width, tergite surfaces with scattered setae, density of setation increasing from anterior to posterior tergites. Ventral projections present in ovigerous and non-ovigerous females, acute, on Prn 1 prominent, orientated anteriorly; on Prn 4 spine directed posteriorly, small, medially; on Prn 5 – Prn 6 spine prominent, closer to posterior segment border; on Prn 7 spine prominent. Imbricate ornamentation absent. Ceph length 0.76 width, 0.14 body length; frontal furrow proceeding slightly in front of A 1 – A 2 insertions, originating from rim of A 1 – A 2 sockets, slightly bent frontally; posterolateral setae present, flexibly articulated. Fossosoma length 1.0 width, 0.23 body length; ventral surface without carina, lateral tergite margins confluent. Prn 1 posterolaterally asetose. Prn 2 – Prn 3 posterolaterally setose. Prn 3 posterolateral setae robust, flexibly articulated, on pedestals. Prn 4 width 1.1 Prn 5 width, length 0.38 width; with poorly-developed collum, anteriorly widest, with broadly rounded, blunt posterolateral margin; narrowing gradually towards posterior; posterolateral margins contracting laterally, rounded; posterolateral setae robust, spine-like, articulating on pedestals.

Posterior tagma posterolateral margins rounded; posterolateral setae in pairs, robust, spine-like. Prn 5 length 0.48 width, 1.2 Prn 4 length; posterolateral setae on pedestals. Prn 6 length 0.70 width, 1.3 Prn 5 length; posterolateral margin projecting. Prn 7 with posterolateral projections, similar to Prn 5–6, length 0.53 width. Plt (Figs 25 , 26 , 27 , 28 , 29 ), near-oval; length 0.22 body length, 1.6 width, narrower than Prn 7; dorsal slot-like apertures diagonal across longitudinal axis, concave; posterior margin at Urp insertions concave, apex convex, broadly rounded, of semicircular shape, laterally extending to Urp insertions, apex length 0.19 Plt length; apical setae 8 altogether, positioned on and around apex; Plp cavity width 0.73 Plt width, setal ridges present, not visible in dorsal view; longitudinal trough width 0.36 Plt width; anal opening caudally in the trough, exposed and superficial, parallel to frontal plane.

A 1 (Figs 25 , 26 , 27 ) length 0.40 head width, 0.18 A 2 length, width 1.0 A 2 width; relative length ratios of art 1.0, 0.63, 0.38, 0.38, 0.13; L / W ratios of art 2.0, 1.7, 1.5, 1.5, 0.50; terminal art with 1 aesthetasc with intermediate belt of constrictions. A 2 (Figs 25 , 26 , 27 ) length 0.47 body length; coxa length shorter than width; basis length exceeding width, longer than twice coxa length; ischium length exceeding width, longer than coxa; merus longer than coxa, basis and ischium combined; carpus length subsimilar merus length; flagellum with 7 art. Md (Fig. 30 ) in medial view narrowest proximally to incisor; with lateral setae; molar process length subsimilar incisor length; left Md incisor process oligodentate with dorsal and ventral subdistal teeth that partly enclose lacinia, with 4 cusps, lacinia mobilis robust, cusp shape similar to incisor process, with 4 cusps; right Md incisor process oligodentate with dorsal and ventral subdistal cusps that partly enclose lacinia, with 3 cusps, lacinia mobilis robust, construction similar to incisor process, larger than left lacinia mobilis, with 7 cusps. Mxp (Fig. 30 ) basis length 2.2 width; medioventrally setose, distally with setulate sensillae; palp art 2 wider than art 1, art 1 shorter than art 3; epipod length 2.0 width, 0.40 coxa-basis length.

P 1 (Fig. 31 ) length 0.37 body length; ischium dorsal margin with 4 setae; merus dorsal margin with 3 setae, ventral margin with 3 bisetulate setae; carpus dorsally with 1 seta; dactylus medially-subdistally with 3 sensillae, terminal claw length 0.60 dactylus length. P 2 (Fig. 31 ) length 0.39 body length; ischium dorsally with 5 setae submarginally; merus dorsally with 3 setae, ventrally with 2 bisetulate setae; carpus dorsally with 1 asetulate seta, 1 broom seta, 1 bifid seta, ventrally with 4 bisetulate setae; dactylus medially-subdistally with 2 sensillae.

P 3 (Figs 31 , 32 , 33 ) length 0.42 body length; ischium dorsal lobe subtriangular; proximally with 2 setulate setae, apex with 1 prominent seta; apical seta simple, bifurcate, straight, flexibly articulated; distally with 2 setulate setae; merus dorsally with 6 bifurcate setae, ventrally with 5 bisetulate setae; carpus dorsally with 4 setae, ventrally with 5 bisetulate setae; dactylus medially-subdistally with 3 sensillae. P 4 (Fig. 31 ) length 0.23 body length; carpus oval in cross section. P 5 (Fig. 34 ) length 0.40 body length; art L / W ratios 3.1, 3.3, 2.3, 4.3, 4.3, 2.5; relative art length ratios 1.0, 0.80, 0.56, 0.68, 0.52, 0.20. P 6 (Fig. 34 ) length 0.51 body length; art L / W ratios 3.1, 3.7, 2.3, 7.5, 5.7, 3.0; relative art length ratios 1.0, 0.79, 0.57, 1.1, 0.61, 0.21. P 7 (Fig. 34 ) 0.48 body length; relative art length ratios 1.0, 0.84, 0.56, 1.2, 0.72, 0.24; basis length 3.1 width, dorsal margin with row of 15 elongate setae, exceeding beyond proximal half of art, setae longer basis width, ventral margin with row of 3 elongate setae, setae shorter basis width; ischium length 3.5 width, mediodorsally with 4 setae, medioventrally with 2 setae, grouped, distoventrally with 3 setae; merus length 2.3 width, distodorsally with 3 setae, medioventrally and distoventrally with 1 seta. Carpus length 7.3 width, mediodorsally with 1 seta, distodorsally with 3 setae, medioventrally with 2 setae, distoventrally with 3 setae; propodus length 6.0 width, dactylus length 3.0 width.

Op (Fig. 29 ) stout; length 1.5 width, 0.70 Plt dorsal length, not reaching anus; apical width 0.44 Op width; distally tapered; distal margin narrow, broadly rounded; ventrally with rounded, edgeless keel; with lateral fringe consisting of 4 setae on either side, separate from apical row of 11 broom setae; apical setae short, extending to anal opening. Plp 3 (Fig. 29 ) protopod length 2.0 width, 0.50 Plp 3 length, endopod plumose setae shorter than endopod; exopod length 0.70 Plp 3 length, monoarticulate, with one conspicuous subapical seta. Plp 4 (Fig. 29 ) length 0.81 width, endopod length 1.5 width; exopod length 4.5 width, 0.53 endopod length, lateral fringe of setae present. Urp (Fig. 25 ) length greater than pleotelson length; protopod length 13 width, 0.80 Plt length, cylindrical, distal margin blunt, endopod insertion terminally; endopod broken off and missing.

Description of male (where different from female)

Body (Figs 35 , 36 ) more elongate than female, length 2.0 mm, 5.4 width. Ventral projections absent on Prn 3 – Prn 5; on Prn 6 projection blunt, small, located closer to posterior segment border, on Prn 7 projection spinifom, prominent. Imbricate ornamentation absent from Ceph and Prn 1 – Prn 2; covering entire tergites, except posterolateral projections of Prn 3 – Prn 7 and Plt. Ceph (Figs 35 , 36 ) length 0.73 width, 0.14 body length; frontal furrow present, straight; posterolateral setae present. Prn 3 posterolateral margin not projecting posteriorly; with 1 posterolateral seta, seta sensillate, robust, flexibly articulated on pedestals. Posterolateral setae on Prn 4 - Prn 7 robust, sensillate, spine-like, articulating on pedestals. Prn 4 length 0.45 width; integration with other segments distinct from both anterior and posterior Prn: with well-developed collum, widest medially, relatively small posterolateral projections; lateral margins sinusoid, convex in anterior half, narrowing posteriorly towards posterolaterally orientated projections; posterolateral margins projecting posteriorly, tapering. Prn 5 length 0.56 width. Prn 6 length 0.81 width, 1.5 Prn 5 length. Plt (Figs 35 , 36 ) subrectangular, waist present, width maximum both anteriorly and posteriorly to waist; width smaller than Prn 7 width; posterior margin at Urp insertions straight to convex; posterior apex convex, very flat curvature between Urp insertions; length 0.08 Plt length; Plp cavity width 0.77 Plt width, longitudinal trough width 0.35 Plt width.

A 1 (Figs 35 , 36 ) length 0.95 Ceph width, 0.33 A 2 length, width 1.2 A 2 width; art L / W ratios 1.7, 1.8, 1.0, 1.0, 2.0; relative art length ratios 1.0, 1.1, 0.50, 0.60, 0.80; art 1, art 2 and art 5 elongate tubular; art 3 and art 4 squat or noticeably shorter; terminal and penultimate art with 7 aesthetascs each; aesthetasc length subsimilar A 1 length or shorter; art 2 length subsimilar art 1 length; art 5 shorter than art 1. A 2 (Figs 35 , 36 ) length 0.54 body length; flagellum of 9 art; coxa squat; basis elongate, widening distally, longer than coxa; ischium squat, cylindrical, longer than coxa; merus longer than coxa, basis and ischium together; carpus shorter than merus. Prp 1 (Fig. 37 ) length 0.12 body length; art L / W ratios 3.3, 2.7, 1.1, 2.0, 3.3, 3.5; relative art length ratios 1.0, 0.70, 0.35, 0.52, 0.43, 0.30. Prp 2 (Fig. 37 ) length 0.45 body length; art L / W ratios 4.1, 2.8, 1.7, 2.5, 2.7, 4.5; relative art length ratios 1.0, 0.59, 0.34, 0.52, 0.28, 0.31. Prp 3 (Figs 33 , 36 , 37 ) length 0.44 body length; art L / W ratios 2.9, 1.9, 1.4, 3.2, 3.3, 4.5; relative art length ratios 1.0, 0.74, 0.57, 0.70, 0.43, 0.39. Prp 4 (Fig. 37 ) length 0.30 body length; art L / W ratios 3.8, 2.4, 1.2, 2.2, 3.0, 6.0; relative art length ratios 1.0, 0.63, 0.37, 0.58, 0.32, 0.32.

Prp 5 (Fig. 38 ) 0.63 body length; art L / W ratios 3.9, 3.2, 1.8, 5.8, 6.0, 3.5, relative art length ratios 1.0, 0.85, 0.52, 1.1, 0.89, 0.26. Prp 6 (Fig. 38 ) length / body-length ratio distinctly elongate, length 0.91 body length; art L / W ratios 3.9, 3.8, 2.3, 7.0, 8.0, 5.5; relative art length ratios 1.0, 0.97, 0.68, 1.6, 1.3, 0.35. Prp 7 (Fig. 38 ) length / body-length ratio sexually dimorphic, distinctly longer than in female, length 1.8 body length; relative art length ratios 1.0, 0.90, 0.53, 1.0, 1.7, 0.64; basis length 8.0 width, dorsal margin with row of 8 simple setae proximally, 2 broom setae, medially submarginally with 1 simple seta, ventral margin with row of 7 simple setae, setae shorter than basis width, row distributed along margin from near-proximally to distally; ischium length 6.3 width, mediodorsally and medioventrally with 3 setae respectively, distoventrally with 2 setae; merus length 4.6 width, distodorsally with 2 setae, medioventrally with 2 setae, distoventrally with 2 setae; carpus length 11 width, mediodorsally with 2 setae, distodorsally with 2 setae, medioventrally with 4 setae, distoventrally with 3 setae; propodus length 35 width; dactylus length 41 width.

Plp. (Fig. 39 ) Male Op vaulted. Plp 1 length 0.95 Plt length, shorter Plp 2, with the latter projecting beyond Plp 1, lateral lobes not projecting, medial lobes projecting distally forming hook-like distolateral processes; medial lobes distally with 3–6 sensillae, ventrally with 2 setae, respectively; distally curved, projecting ventrally beyond Plp 2 ventral margin. Plp 2 protopod apex tapering, distally enclosing Plp 1 and converging towards counterpart, with 3 setae on distolateral margin and 9 pappose setae distally; endopod distance of insertion from protopod distal margin 0.30 protopod length; stylet length 0.53 protopod length, quasi-straight, extending to near distal margin of protopod. Urp (Fig. 35 ) length 3.5 Plt length; protopod length 25 width, 1.5 Plt length or longer; endopod length 0.37 protopod length, 37.0 width, width smaller protopod width.

Diagnosis

With significant sexual dimorphism, mostly affecting body length-width ratio, posterior pereopod length and antennula. Females and juvenile males: Body widest in anterior half, narrowing posteriorly, elongate, subcylindrical in cross section; tergite and sternite surfaces setose. Ventral projections spiniform on Prn 1 and Prn 4, absent in Prn 2 – Prn 3. Fossosoma without carina, tergal plates laterally merged seamlessly with sternites, lateral tergite margins confluent. Prn 3 posterolateral margins not projecting, posterolateral setae articulating on pedestals, posterior margin smooth. Prn 4 with poorly-developed collum, anteriorly widest, with broadly rounded, blunt posterolateral margin; lateral margins anteriorly widest, narrowing gradually towards posterior. Prn 5 – Prn 7 posterolateral margins projecting, rounded. Pln 1 tergal articulation with Plt absent. Plt narrower than Prn 7, near-oval, without waist, apex convex. A 1 of 5 art decreasing in size from proximal to distal, art 1 longer than wide, terminal art minute. A 2 coxa length subsimilar width, ischium length exceeding width, longer than coxa. A 2 flagellum of 7 art. P 3 ischium subtriangular. P 7 length subsimilar to P 6 length. Op stout, distally tapered, not reaching anus, apical width subsimilar or smaller, 0.50 operculum width. Urp length longer Plt length; protopod length 0.80 Plt length, cylindrical, distal margin blunt, endopod insertion terminally, endopod monoarticulate. Differences in adult males: Body more elongate than female (L / W ratio 4.7–5.0 in female, 5.4 in male). Plt shape subrectangular with waist, width maximum both anteriorly and posteriorly to waist, posterior margin at uropod insertions straight to convex, apex convex. A 1 art 1, art 2 and art 5 elongate tubular; art 3 and art 4 squat or noticeably shorter, terminal and subterminal art with several long aesthetascs. A 2 art not significantly hypertrophied compared to A 1. Male operculum vaulted; Plp 1 ca. 0.95 Plt length, lateral lobes not projecting, medial lobes projecting distally forming hook-like distolateral processes, subdistally with even ventral surface, distally projecting ventrally beyond Plp 2 ventral margin. Plp 2 distally projecting beyond Plp 1, protopod apex tapering, distally enclosing Plp 1 and converging towards counterpart.

Molecular Diagnosis: On the basis of the mtDNA 16 S rRNA gene, this species can be distinguished from other Macrostylis species by the following unique asymmetric nucleotide combinations: position: TCTAAAAGTTTAGAAT (162-177), AAAATTAGA (184-192) and CTCTTTAGAATAGAGA (231-245).

Etymology

The specific epithet " papandreas " is a noun in apposition and was the nickname of the late Andreas Heitland, father of Nele Johannsen, whose memory is honoured by this eponym.

Distribution

Tropical North Atlantic, eastern and western Vema Fracture Zone, abyssal depths of 5,002.5 m to 5,119 m.

Taxon discussion

Macrostylis papandreas Johannsen, Brandt & Riehl , sp. nov. represents the first species of the family from the Atlantic Ocean for which adult males with " extremely " elongate posterior pereopods and other aberrant character states (see diagnosis) could be linked to a female by means of DNA sequence data. Sexually dimorphic character states have been discussed in detail for species with a much lower degree of differences between the sexes ( Riehl et al. 2012). After previous reports from the Northwest Pacific ( Bober et al. 2017) which was the first location to shed light on this " extreme " sexual dimorphism, this description and molecular characterisation of M. papandreas sp. nov. brings us one step closer to the identification of female counterparts of the " weird " male forms represented, for instance, by M. longipes Hansen, 1916 and M. longipedis Brandt, 2004 (see Hansen (1916), Brandt (2004)).

Notes

Methods

Sampling: Macrostylis papandreas , sp. nov., was discovered during the Vema-TRANSIT expedition (SO 237, R / V Sonne, Dez / Jan 2014 / 15, Atlantic Ocean ( Devey et al. 2015)).

Sample treatment and DNA sequencing: The samples were collected using a camera-epibenthic sledge (C-EBS) ( Brandt et al. 2012) and treated following the protocol by Riehl et al. (2014 b) to fixate and extract benthic macrofauna for molecular and morphological studies. Tissue samples were processed by LGC Genomics (Berlin) and previously published by Riehl et al. (2018).

Species description: Five individuals of M. papandreas sp. nov. were transferred into glycerine to prepare temporary slides for taxonomic line drawings following Wilson (2008). The holotype was used for the illustration of the habitus. Paratype ZMH K- 45149 was dissected for illustration of the habitus and appendages. Paratype ZMH K- 45166 and non-type ZMH K- 45159 were dissected for illustration of the habitus and appendages. Paratype ZMH K- 45167 was used for illustration of the habitus. Ovigerous female, 2.1 mm, ZMH K- 45159, from Vema-TRANSIT expedition ( SO- 237) station 11–1 was dissected for illustration of the habitus and appendages. Pencil drawings were prepared on a Leica Dialux compound microscope equipped with camera lucida and a custom-made LED lighting system by BW Optik (Aschendorf). Calibrations were done with the help of a stage micrometer (1.0 mm x 0.01 mm). All drawings were scanned as greyscale PDF and traced using a digital drawing board (Wacom Intuos 4) and the vector-graphic software Adobe ® Illustrator ® CS 6 ( Coleman 2003, Coleman 2009). To improve the impression of depth and structure in the line drawings, digital stippling was added to selected illustrations ( Bober and Riehl 2014). Measurements were taken from the digitalised drawings with the measuring tool in Adobe ® Acrobat ® XI Pro following the standards of Hessler (1970).

For SEM, four individuals of M. papandreas were critical-point dried and sputter-coated with graphite; a Zeiss LEO 1525 was used. Where several scans were required to illustrate a specimen, total-projection images were merged using the Microsoft Image Composite Editor version 2.0.3.0 (64 bit). Figures of line drawings and SEM pictures were edited using Adobe ® Photoshop ® CS 6 and Adobe ® Illustrator ® CS 6.

Morphological characters were conceptualised and character states were scored in an updated DELTA ( Dallwitz 1980, Dallwitz 1993, Dallwitz 2010) database for Macrostylidae ( Riehl et al. 2012, Riehl and De Smet 2020) which is publicly available via the Zenodo repository ( Riehl 2024 b). Description texts and diagnoses were generated from this database. Terminology and structure of each description follows previous work on Macrostylidae ( Riehl et al. 2012, Riehl et al. 2014 a, Riehl 2014). The articles of the antennae are named according to Hansen (1893).

From all types and other material, selected posterior pereopods from one side of the body were dissected for DNA extraction. For the molecular diagnosis, all nucleotide sequences for Macrostylidae were downloaded from GenBank ( Benson et al. 2012). These included the mtDNA 16 S mRNA previously published for Macrostylis papandreas sp. nov. ( Riehl et al. 2018), the only sequences available for this species to date. A multiple sequence alignment was constructed using MAFFT ( Katoh et al. 2009) implemented in Geneious ( Kearse et al. 2012) with default settings. The alignment is publicly available via the Zenodo repository ( Riehl 2024 a). The molecular diagnosis was prepared using the online tool DeSigNate ( Hütter et al. 2020). Under consideration of single nucleotides, no position of the alignment reached a discriminative power of 1.0 between the query group ( Macrostylis papandreas sp. nov.) and the reference group (all other macrostylid species). Consequently, neighbouring noisy positions were manually combined until a combined asymmetric candidate character (those strings of homologous nucleotides of the reference group that are not uniform, but different from the character state in the query group) was obtained.

Specimens were deposited at the Leibniz Institute for Biodiversity Change Analysis ( LIB), Museum of Nature Hamburg, Germany, using the collection code “ ZMH ”.

Figures

Figure 25. Macrostylis papandreas Johannsen, Riehl & Brandt, sp. nov. female habitus and antennae. A – C. Holotype non-ovigerous female (ZMH K- 45148). A. Habitus dorsal, uropod endopods missing; B. Habitus lateral, uropod endopod missing; C. Antennae. Scale bars: 0.5 mm (A, B), 0.3 mm (C).

Figure 26. Macrostylis papandreas Johannsen, Riehl & Brandt, sp. nov. SEM images of female habitus and head appendages. A, E. Paratype non-ovigerous female (ZMH K- 45150), B – D. Paratype non-ovigerous female (ZMH K- 45154). A. Habitus lateral, antennae broken, pereopods 2 and 7 broken, uropod missing; B. Anterior habitus lateral, pereopod 3 broken; C. Head frontal; D. Fossosoma; E. Pleotelson dorsal. Scale bars: 200 µm (A); 100 µm (B, D – E), 60 µm (C).

Figure 27. Macrostylis papandreas Johannsen, Riehl & Brandt, sp. nov. female habitus and head appendages. A – D. Paratype non-ovigerous female (ZMH K- 45149). A. Habitus dorsal, uropods missing; B. Habitus lateral, pereopods 1 and 3 broken, uropod missing; C. Antennae, flagellum broken; D. Head lateral. Scale bars: 0.5 mm (A, B), 0.2 mm (C), 0.3 mm (D).

Figure 28. Macrostylis papandreas Johannsen, Riehl & Brandt, sp. nov. ovigerous female and subadult male. A – D. Paratype subadult male (ZMH K 45167), E – F. Paratype ovigerous female (ZMH K- 45159). A. Antennula, antenna broken; B. Habitus dorsal, antenna broken, uropods missing; C. habitus lateral, antenna broken, pereopods 2–3, 4–7 broken; D. Pleotelson; E. Habitus lateral, pereopod 2 broken, pereopods 6–7 missing, uropod missing; F. Habitus dorsal, head damaged, uropods missing, antenna broken. Scale bars: 0.3 mm (A, D), 0.5 mm (B, C, E, F).

Figure 29. Macrostylis papandreas Johannsen, Riehl & Brandt, sp. nov. female pleotelson appendages. A – E. Paratype non-ovigerous female (ZMH K- 45149). A. Pleotelson ventral; B. Operculum; C. Pleopod 3; D. Pleopod 4; E. Pleopod 5. Scale bars: 0.3 mm (A, B), 0.2 mm (C – E).

Figure 30. Macrostylis papandreas Johannsen, Riehl & Brandt, sp. nov. mouthparts. A – F, I – J: Paratype non-ovigerous female (ZMH K- 45149). G – H. paratype adult male (ZMH K- 45166). A. Head ventral; B. Maxilliped ventral; C. Maxilliped dorsal; D. Left mandible (female); E. Right mandible (female); F. Paragnaths; G. Left mandible (male); H. Maxillula (male); I. Maxillula (female), medial lobe broken; J. Maxilla. Scale bars: 0.3 mm (A), 0.2 mm (B, C), 0.1 mm (D – J).

Figure 31. Macrostylis papandreas Johannsen, Riehl & Brandt, sp. nov. female anterior pereopods. A – D. Paratype ovigerous female (ZMH K- 45159). A. Pereopod 1; B. Pereopod 2; C. Pereopod 3; D. Pereopod 4. Scale bars: 0.3 mm (A – D).

Figure 32. Macrostylis papandreas Johannsen, Riehl & Brandt, sp. nov. SEM images of setae. A. Paratype non-ovigerous female (ZMH K- 45154), B – D. Paratype adult male (ZMH K- 45165). A. Antennal distal broom setae; B. Pereonite 5 posterolateral setae; C. Pereopod 2 dactylus; D. Pereopod 3, dactylus. Scale bars: 10 µm (A – D).

Figure 33. Macrostylis papandreas Johannsen, Riehl & Brandt, sp. nov. SEM images of setae. A, C, E – F. Paratype adult male (ZMH K- 45168), B. Paratype adult male (ZMH K- 45165), D. Paratype non-ovigerous female (ZMH K- 45154). A. Pereopod 2 carpus distolateral seta tip; B. Pereopod 3 merus ventral setae; C. Pereopod 3 merus dorsal setae tips; D. Pereopod 3 carpus dorsal setae; E. Pereopod 4 merus distoventral setae; F. Pereopod 7 basis posterior dorsal setae. Scale bars: 4 µm (A, D), 10 µm (B, F), 3 µm (C), 20 µm (E).

Figure 34. Macrostylis papandreas Johannsen, Riehl & Brandt, sp. nov. female posterior pereopods. A – C. Paratype non-ovigerous female (ZMH K 45149). A. Pereopod 5; B. Pereopod 6; C. Pereopod 7. Scale bars: 0.3 mm (A – C).

Figure 35. Macrostylis papandreas Johannsen, Riehl & Brandt, sp. nov. male habitus, head and pleotelson. A – E. Paratype adult male (ZMH K 45166). A. Habitus lateral; B. Head lateral; C. Habitus dorsal; D. Pleotelson lateral; E. Pleotelson ventral. Scale bars: 0.5 mm (A, C), 0.3 mm (B, D, E).

Figure 36. Macrostylis papandreas Johannsen, Riehl & Brandt, sp. nov. SEM images of adult male. A – G. Paratype adult male (ZMH K- 45165). A. Habitus lateral; B. Head and antennae dorsolateral; C. Head ventrolateral; D. Pleotelson ventrolateral; E. Pereopod III; F. Uropod articulation; G. Ventral spines pereonites 5–7. Scale bars: 200 µm (A, G), 100 µm (B – D), 60 µm (E), 40 µm (F).

Figure 37. Macrostylis papandreas Johannsen, Riehl & Brandt, sp. nov. male anterior pereopods. A – C, E. Paratype adult male (ZMH K- 45166), D. Paratype subadult male (ZMH K- 45167). A. Pereopod 1; B. Pereopod 2; C. Pereopod 3 (adult male); D. Pereopod 3 (subadult male); E. Pereopod 4. Scale bars: 0.3 mm (A – E).

Figure 38. Macrostylis papandreas Johannsen, Riehl & Brandt, sp. nov. male posterior pereopods. A – C. Paratype adult male (ZMH K- 45166). A. Pereopod 5; B. Pereopod 6; C. Pereopod 7. Scale bars: 0.3 mm (A – C).

Figure 39. Macrostylis papandreas Johannsen, Riehl & Brandt, sp. nov. male pleopods. A – F. Paratype adult male (ZMH K- 45166). A. Pleopods 1 ventral; B. Pleopod 1 lateral; C. Pleopod 2; D. Pleopod 3; E. Pleopod 4; F. Pleopod 5. Scale bars: 0.1 mm (A – F).