Palomena prasina (Linnaeus, 1761)

Ghahari, Hassan, Moulet, Pierre & Rider, David A., 2014, An annotated catalog of the Iranian Pentatomoidea (Hemiptera: Heteroptera: Pentatomomorpha), Zootaxa 3837 (1), pp. 1-95 : 43-44

Palomena prasina (Linnaeus, 1761)

Cimex prasinus Linnaeus, 1761: 249 ; Cimex viridis totus De Geer, 1773: 266 ; Cimex roseus O.F. Müller, 1776: 105 ; Cimex viridis Harris, 1780: 88 ; Cimex dissimilis Fabricius, 1781: 354 ; Cimex discolor Wolff, 1811: 183 ; Pentatoma juniperina Tigny, 1828: 325 (non Linnaeus, 1758); Palomena viridissima Mulsant & Rey, 1866: 277 (non Poda, 1761); Palomena prasina var. rhododactyla Horváth, 1883: 23 .

Distribution in Iran. Ardabil ( Modarres Awal 1987), East Azarbaijan ( Modarres Awal 1997b, Gharaat et al. 2009; Hassanzadeh et al. 2009a, b; Nikdel et al. 2011), Guilan ( Wagner 1968; Hoberlandt 1997; Linnavuori 2008), Khorasan ( Linnavuori 2008; Modarres Awal 2008; Mehneh et al. 2010), Mazandaran (Sakenin et al. 2008), West Azarbaijan (Nateq Golestan 2004; Nateq Golestan et al. 2004, 2010a, b, c, 2011), Iran (no locality cited) ( Modarres Awal 1997b; Rider 2006; Ribes & Pagola Carte 2013).

General distribution. Euro-Siberian.

Host plants. In hilly forests on deciduous trees such as Carpinus sp. ( Betulaceae ), Populus sp. ( Salicaceae ), Quercus sp. ( Fagaceae ) ( Linnavuori 2008), on Corchorus olitorius (Tiliaceae) , Euphorbia geniculata (Euphorpbiaceae) , Tribulus terrestris (Zygophyllaceae) (Sakenin et al. 2008), Rosa sp. ( Rosaceae ) ( Nateq Golestan et al. 2011); on numerous herbs of the families Poaceae , Asteraceae , Urticaceae , Scrophulariaceae , Rhamnaceae (Ribes & Pagola Carte 2013) .

Comments. Trissolcus semistriatus (Nees) ( Hymenoptera : Scelionidae ) destroys the eggs of P. prasina ; adults and nymphs are prey for Astata spp. ( Hymenoptera : Crabonidae), Enoplognatha spp. (Aranea: Theridiidae ) and Rhynocoris spp. ( Heteroptera : Reduviidae ). Also Gymnosoma rotundatum Linnaeus and Alophora bonapartei Rond. ( Diptera : Tachinidae ) are known endoparasites of P. prasina (Ribes & Pagola Carte 2013) .