Canthysellus buqueti ( Laporte, 1835 ) Baca, Stephen M. & Toledo, Mario, 2015

Baca, Stephen M. & Toledo, Mario, 2015, CanthysellusBaca and Toledo (Coleoptera: Noteridae: Noterini), a New Genus of Burrowing Water Beetle from South America, The Coleopterists Bulletin 69 (3), pp. 477-488 : 480-485

Canthysellus buqueti ( Laporte, 1835) , new combination

( Figs. 1 , 4 , 6 , 8 , 11 , 12 )

Noterus buqueti Laporte, 1835: 105 (original description). Baca et al. 2014: 232.

Noterus buquetii Dejean, 1836: 63 (nomen nudum, Cayenne).

Hydrocanthus buqueti ( Laporte, 1835) . Aubé 1838: 407.

Canthydrus buqueti ( Laporte, 1835) . Sharp 1882: 272; Branden 1885: 16; Zimmermann 1920: 10, 1921: 187.

Canthydrus (Liocanthydrus) buqueti ( Laporte, 1835) . Guignot 1957: 43; Nilsson 2005: 109.

Liocanthydrus buqueti ( Laporte, 1835) . Nilsson 2011: 28; Baca et al. 2014: 231.

3) C. peruanus , holotype, male (imaged before dissection). Scale bar = 1 mm.

Type Locality. French Guiana (Cayenne) .

Type Material. Lectotype (1 female, MHNP), here designated: specimen previously pinned on the right side, then subsequently glued on white card with a female symbol handwritten [with any probability by David Sharp], on which is also glued the right half of the lateral metasternal expansion and metacoxal plate with the right metasternal leg articulated. “ Noterus buquetii [sic!] de Laporte/ h. Cayenne, D. Buquet” [large, rectangular, green label folded into two parts, handwritten by Laporte], “ Noterus buqueti / de Laporte, h. Cay-/enne, D. Bouquet/ ex mus. Dejean./ Type mihi D.S.” [white, rectangular label handwritten by David Sharp] “Ex Musaeo Dejean” [white, rectangular label, printed with a thin black frame] “D. Sharp monogr.” [white, rectangular label, printed with a thin black frame], “ LECTOTYPE / Noterus buqueti Laporte, 1835 / Toledo & Baca des. 2015” [red, rectangular label].

Additional Material Examined. 243 specimens. VENEZUELA: Bolívar: Guayaraca, Auyán-Tepui, 1100m, 17.iv.1956, leg. F. Fernandez & C.J. Rosales (1 ex. MIZA) ; 40°28.233′N, 61°35.559′W, 867 m, Gran Sabana, Paulji: Esmeraldes, 16.vii.2010, leg. Short, Tellez & Arias, detrital pools by forested stream, VZ10-0716-02A (1 ex. SEMC) . GUYANA: Region IX : 2°05.095′N, 59°14.174′W, 250 m, Parabara, trail to mines, detrital pools in forest, leg. Short, Isaacs & Salisbury, 2.ix.2013, GY13- 1102-01A (1 ex. SEMC) ; 2°06.311′N, 59°14.072′W, 267 m, Parabara, N side of river, small detrital pool in forest, leg. Short, 3.xi.2013, GY13-1103-01A (1 ex. SEMC) ; 2°06.492′N, 59°13.653′W, 274 m, small flowing forested creek, detritus margins and leaf packs, leg. Short, Isaacs & Salisbury, 3.xi.2013, GY13-1103-02A (2 exs. CBDC, 2 exs. SEMC) . SURINAME: Sipaliwini District: 2°10.524′N, 56°47.244′W, 228 m, Camp 1, on Kutari River, leg. Short & Kadosoe, forest stream, 20.viii.2010, SR10-0820-01A, 2010 CI-RAP Survey (85 exs. SEMC) ; 2°10.521′N, 56°47.244′W, 228 m, on Kutari River, Short & Kadosoe, forested swamp, 19.viii.2010, SR10-0819-01A, Camp 1, 2010 CI-RAP Survey (4 exs. SEMC) ; 2°10.521′N, 56°47.244′W, 228 m, on Kutari River, Short & Kadosoe, forest stream, SR10-0819-02A (5 exs. SEMC) ; 2°10.521′N, 56°47.244′W, 228 m, on Kutari River, Short & Kadosoe, forest swamp, 22.viii.2010, SR10-0822- 02A (17 exs. SEMC) ; 2°10.973′N, 56°47.235′W, 210 m, Camp 2, on the Sipaliwini River, leg. Short & Kadosoe, small detrital stream, 28.viii.2010, SR10-0828-03A, 2010 CI-RAP Survey (5 exs. SEMC) 2°10.973′N, 56°47.235′W, 210 m, Camp 2, on the Sipaliwini River, leg. Short & Kadosoe, Inselberg, 29–30.viii.2010, SR10-0829-01A, 2010 CI-RAP Survey (1 male ex. SEMC) ; 2°10.973′N, 56°47.235′W, 210 m, Camp 2, on the Sipaliwini River, leg. Short & Kadosoe, forest creek, 31.viii. 2010, SR10-0831-01A, 2010 CI-RAP Survey (4 exs. SEMC) ; 02°21.776′N, 56°41.861′W, 237 m, Camp 3, Wehepai, leg. Short & Kadosoe, pooled up detrital creek, 3.ix.2010, SR10-0903- 01A, 2010 CI-RAP Survey (3 exs. SEMC) ; 02°22.259′N, 56°41.277′W, 229 m, Camp 3, Werehpai, SE Kwamala, detrital pools in dense forest, 3-5.ix.2010, leg Short & Kadosoe, SR 10- 0903-02A, 2010 CI-RAP Survey (16 exs. SEMC) , 02°21.776′N, 56°41.861′W, 237 m, Camp 3, Wehepai, leg. Short & Kadosoe, sandy forest creek, 4-6.ix.2010, SR10-0904-01A, 2010 CI-RAP Survey (7 exs. SEMC) ; 02°21.776′N, 56°41.861′W, 237 m, Camp 3, Wehepai, leg. Short & Kadosoe, small stream, 5.ix.2010, SR10-0905-01A, 2010 CI-RAP Survey (1 ex. SEMC) ; 2.47700°N, 55.62941°, 275 m, Camp 1, Upper Palumeu, leg. Short, small forest pool, 10.iii.2012, SR12-0310- 02A, 2012 CI-RAP Survey (1 ex. SEMC) ; 2.97731°N, 55.38500°W, 200 m Camp 4 (low), Kasikasima, Sandy stream on trail to METS camp, 20.iii.2012, leg. Short, SR 12-0320-02A, 2012 CI-RAP Survey (11 exs. SEMC) ; 04°42.480′N, 56°13.159′W, 24 m Raleighvallen Nature Reserve, trail to Raleighvallen , creek margins, leg. Short, Mcintosh, & Kadosoe, 27.vii.2012, SR12-0727- 03A (1 ex. SEMC) ; 04°40.910′N, 56°11.138′W, 78 m, Raleighvallen Nature Reserve , Voltzberg trail, margin of stream, leg. C Maier, V. Kadosoe, 30.vii.2012, (5 exs. SEMC) ; 3°53.600′N, 56°11.300′W, 600 m, CSNR: Tafelberg Summit, nr. Augustus Creek Camp, pond on trail into Arrowhead basin leg. Short & Bloom, 16.viii.2013, SR13-0816-02A (47 exs. SEMC) ; 04°40.910′N, 56°11.138′W, 78 m, Raleighvallen Nature Reserve , Voltzberg trail, margin of stream, leg. C Maier & V. Kadosoe, 30.vii.2012, SR12-0730-01A (5 exs. SEMC) ; 3°53.600′N, 56°11.300′W, 600 m, CSNR: Tafelberg Summit, nr. Augustus Creek Camp, pools and creeks on trail into Arrowhead basin, leg. Short & Bloom, 17.viii.2013, SR13-0817-01A (3 exs. SEMC) ; 3°53.942′ N, 56°10.849, 733 m, CSNR: Tafelberg Summit, nr. Caiman Creek Camp, stream margins, leg. Short & Bloom, 18.viii.2013, SR13-0818-02A (2 exs. SEMC) ; 3°53.600′N, 56°11.300′W, 600 m, CSNR: Tafelberg Summit, nr. Augustus Creek Camp, detrital pond, train to Arrowhead basin, leg. Short & Bloom, 22.viii.2013 SR13-0822-02A (5 exs. SEMC) ; Commewijne District: 5°45.359′N, 54°44.401′W, 13 m, East-West Hwy, ca. 19 km W. of Moengo, creek crossing rd. leg. Short, Bloom, & Kadosoe, 9.viii.2013, SR13-0809-03A (1 ex. SEMC) ; Brokopondo District: Brokopondo, 05°13′N, 55°30′W, Coesewijne Project, 16.iv. 1970, leg. N. Nieser (SN 419) (6 exs. NHMW) . BRAZIL: Amazonas: Tucano, 200 m, 1.v.1964, leg. J. & B. Bechyne (1 ex. MIZA) .

Diagnosis. Canthysellus buqueti is distinguishable from its congeners by the following combination of characters: (a) metatibia as in Fig. 6a , with distinctly spaced line of moderately stout setae on inner margin, metatarsomere I with similar row of setae ( Fig. 6 ); (b) line of setae on prosternum as in Fig. 4a, b , with 5–9 setae, extending laterally to or past anterolateral margins of prosternal process, usually discontinuous, reduced or more widely spaced medially; (c) head only weakly infuscate at base and between eyes; (d) size smaller, 2.40–2.95 mm; (f) aedeagus as in Fig. 8a–e ; median lobe expanded ventrally and attenuated to acute apex in lateral aspect ( Fig. 8a, c ); left lateral lobe with dense tuft of setae produced subapically from shallow impression on inner surface; setae distinctly extending beyond dorsal margin ( Fig. 8d ).

Canthysellus buqueti is very similar to C sipaliwini new species. Externally it is most easily distinguished by its smaller size and the head being only weakly infuscate or darkened at the base and between the eyes ( Fig. 1 ). Canthysellus sipaliwini is larger, with the area between the eyes and base of the head capsule distinctly darkened, nearly black ( Fig. 2 ). The aedeagi of these two species are also similar ( Figs. 8a–c, 9a–c ), but the median lobe of C. buqueti is apically less slender and not elongated at apex. The left lateral lobe of C. buqueti ( Fig. 8d ) is also not as broad as that of C. sipaliwini ( Fig. 9d ) and has setae that extend well beyond the dorsal margin. The left lateral lobes of these two species are the most easily distinguishable characters of the aedeagi.

Redescription. Male. Color and appearance: Shiny, elytra superficially iridescent. Maculate, bicolorous; color of head and pronotum yellow to brownish yellow; color of elytra dark brown to black; color of maculae yellow to brownish yellow, similar to color of head and pronotum. Color of venter brownish yellow to dark brownish yellow, with noterid platform brown to reddish brown; color of legs slightly lighter than color of venter. Maculae as in Fig. 1 , each elytron with 3 spots: 1 slightly elongate, as a short transverse band, in distal third of elytron and 2 laterally oriented just anterior to midlength of elytron, with medial spot near elytral suture, anterolaterally oblique and sometimes broken into 2 smaller spots, and lateral spot submarginal, oval. Thorax: Pronotum with lateral bead very broad, width 1.2–1.5X width of antennomere VII, width of bead broader in larger specimens. Prosternum medially with transverse line of 5–9 stiff setae anterior to procoxae, often discontinuous or more wildly spaced medially. Prosternal process and noterid platform setose; setae short, stiff, evenly distributed and produced from distinct punctures. Metatibia as in Fig. 6 , with row of ca. 8–10 evenly spaced setae on inner margin, few additional setae produced near inner distal angle; metatarsomere I with similar row of 3–5 setae on inner margin. Abdomen: Aedeagus as in Fig. 8a–e ; median lobe strongly curved, ventrally divided by large ventral groove running from base to apex, twisting at apex, left lateral side expanded ventrally and attenuate to acute apex; left lateral lobe broad, slightly curved inward towards median lobe, ventral margin broadly curved, dorsal margin straight, with dense tuft of setae subapically produced from shallow impression extending from apex to ca. midlength of lobe; setae long, extending well past lobe margin ( Fig. 8d ). Right lateral lobe broad, subtriangular, ventrally rounded. Measurements: L = 2.40–2.95 mm, males = 2.40–2.75 mm, females = 2.60–2.95 mm; TL = 2.65–3.25 mm; GW = 1.50 –1.85 mm; HW = 0.80–0.95 mm; EW = 0.50–0.60 mm; PntB = 0.08–0.10; AntVII = 0.06–0.07; L/GW = 1.59–1.71; HW/EW = 1.6– 1.75; PntBW/AntVII = 1.20–1.50. (Lectotype female: L = 2.50 mm; GW = 1.60 mm).

Variation. Specimens of C. buqueti vary most notably in the prominence of the elytral maculae. Most specimens appear as in Fig. 1 ; while patterning remains consistent, many were observed to have the maculae reduced to smaller bands or spots. Some variation was also observed in color, with the elytra ranging from dark brown to black, the head, pronotum, and maculae ranging from yellow to brownish yellow, the venter ranging from brownish yellow to dark brownish yellow, and the noterid platform ranging from brown to reddish brown. The variation observed in the spacing of the setae of the prosternum is depicted in Fig. 4a, b , with the line widely spaced to completely discontinuous medially. The number of these setae also varies from 5–10. The number of setae on the inner margins of the metatibia and metatarsomere I varies, those on the metatibia ranging ca. 8–11 and those on metatarsomere I ranging ca. 3–5. Some variation was also observed in size (see Measurements above). Females were generally slightly larger and more robust than males; female genitalia as in Fig. 11 .

Biology. Canthysellus buqueti is found in both lotic and lentic habitats in forested areas, with specimens collected from small streams and creeks to forested ponds, swamps, and forest pools. Collecting data indicate that this species may have a preference for lotic-associated habitats. Specimens were often found in detritus, such as leaf packs, detrital margins of streams and creeks, or detrital pools (e.g., Fig. 13b ). A few specimens were also collected at lights.

Distribution. Canthysellus buqueti is currently known from Venezuela, Guyana, Suriname, and French Guiana ( Fig. 12 ). A single female specimen from Amazonas, Brazil was examined and determined to be a conspecific.

Figures

Figs. 1–3. Canthysellus species, dorsal and lateral habitus. 1) C. buqueti, male; 2) C. sipaliwini, holotype, male;

Figs. 4–5. Canthysellus species, pro- and metasterna and metacoxae (noterid platform) with studies of prosternal setae. 4) C. buqueti, male, a and b = variation of prosternal setae; 5) C. peruanus, paratype, male, a = enlarged view of prosternal setae. Scale bar = 0.5 mm.

Figs. 6–7. Canthysellus species,hind legs.6) C.buqueti, male, a = setae of inner margin of metatibia, b = posterior metatibial spur, serration is diagnostic of the genus; 7) C. peruanus, paratype, male, a = setae of inner margin of metatibia. Scale bars = 0.25 mm

Figs. 8–10. Canthysellus species, aedeagi. 8) C. buqueti, Suriname; 9) C. sipaliwini, holotype, Suriname; 10) C. peruanus, paratype, Peru. a = median lobe, left lateral aspect, b = median lobe, dorsal aspect, c = median lobe, right lateral aspect, d = left lateral lobe, e = right lateral lobe. Scale bars = 0.25 mm.

Fig. 11. Canthysellus buqueti, female genitalia. Scale bar = 0.25 mm.

Fig. 12. Distribution map of Canthysellus species.

Fig. 13. Habitats of Canthysellus species. a) Type locality of C. sipaliwini, Suriname: Sipaliwini District, stream near the Kutari River, collecting event SR13-0816-02A, b) Example habitat of C. buqueti; Suriname: Sipaliwini District, summit of Tafelberg Tepui, collecting event SR13-0816-02A.