Selenops submaculosus Bryant, 1940

Crews, Sarah C., 2011, A revision of the spider genus Selenops Latreille, 1819 (Arachnida, Araneae, Selenopidae) in North America, Central America and the Caribbean, ZooKeys 105, pp. 1-182 : 120-122

Selenops submaculosus Bryant, 1940 Figs 173-176195Map 10

Selenops submaculosus Bryant 1940: 406, pl. 13, Figs 177, 184 (♂, ♀, examined).

Selenops submaculosus : Muma 1953: 26, Figs 43-45 (♂, ♀).

Selenops submaculosus : Alayón-García 2005: 16, Figs 7-10 (♂, ♀).

Type material.

Holotype female: Sierra de Casas, Isla de Piños, Cuba, 1915, Barbour, Brooks (MCZ, examined). Paratypes:Male from Soledad, Cuba, II.1925, G. Salt (MCZ).

Other material examined.

BAHAMAS: Andros Island: International Field Station, North Blanket Sound, 24°53'51.1"N, 77°55'50.1"W, sea level to 4 m, 12.V.2006, S. Crews, R. Gibson, under bark of Casuarina , Cocoloba diversifolia , and Bursera , SCC06_001, 8♀, 1p♂, 7 imm. (EME sel_286-301);International Field Station, VII.2006, G.B. Edwards, 7♀, 3♂, 4 imm. (CAS sel_556-558, 595-596, 667-669, 671-673, 835-836); Morgan's Bluff Cave, VI.2006, G.B. Edwards, 1♀ (EME sel_666); North Andros, Morgan's Cave at Morgan's Bluff, 25°10'30.1"N, 78°01'26.2"W, ~15 m, 13.V.2006, S. Crews, R. Gibson, under bark and in cave, SCC06_003, 1♀, 1♂, 1 imm. (EME sel_309-311); Owenstown, 24°52'30.1"N, 78°02'03.6"W, ~11 m, 13.V.2006, S. Crews, R. Gibson, under bark of poison wood, gumbay, in coppice, SCC06_002, 1♀, 1♂, 3p♂, 2 imm. (CAS sel_302-308); Pigeon Cay: near Andros Island, 24°52'54.4"N, 77°53'35.5"W, ~15 m, 13.V.2006, S. Crews, under bark of Casuarina , SCC06_004, 1♀ (CAS sel_312). North Bimini: VII.1947, C.M. Breder, 1♂ (AMNH); Lerner Marine Labs, II-III.1948, E. Breder, 1♂ (AMNH). South Bimini: 12.VI.1950, M. Cazier, 1♀ (AMNH); VI.1951, M. Cazier, 1♀ (AMNH); 2-9.VII.1951, C. P. Vaurie, 1♂ (AMNH). Great Exuma: near old airport (Bahama Sound subdivision), 23°27'56.0"N, 75°46'24.8"W, ~4 m, 18.V.2006, S. Crews, N. Bottomley, under loose bark, SCC06_011, 1♀ (EME sel_332). Mayaguana Island: Abraham Bay, 2.III.1953, Hayden, Rabb, Giovannoli, 1♀ (AMNH). CAYMAN ISLANDS: Grand Cayman: Georgetown, ceiling of Beverly Anderson's house, 2.VII.1976, B. Anderson, 1♂ (AMNH). CUBA: Cabo Cruz: 1913, Cuban Expedition, 1♀ (MCZ). Ceiba: 2.VII.1955, A. Archer, 1♂ (AMNH). Havana: 1♀ (USNM). Santiago de Cuba: 10.XII.1055, 1♀ (AMNH). Pinar del Rio: Sierra de Mesa, 20.I.2006, 1 imm. (EME sel_276). Soledad: 1.VIII.1935, B.B. Leavitt, 1♀ (MCZ); Soledad Mountains, 10.III.1925, G. Salt, 1♀ (MCZ). UNITED STATES: 1♀ (MCZ). Florida: Broward Co., Hollywood, 3197 Taft, XII.2004, S. Diefenbacher, 1♂ (FSU); Lee Co., Fort Myers, 1.V.2003, R. Flowers, 1♀ (FSU); Palm Beach Co., West Palm Beach, Jog Road, hammock, 26.III.2004, D. Benner, 1♂ (FSU); Palm Beach Co., Palm Beach, 7.IX.2001, T. Vitum, in house (kitchen), 1♀ (FSU).

Diagnosis.

This species is similar to Selenops simius but females can be differentiated by the median field which is more v-shaped to heart-shaped rather than u-shaped, the internal ducts are not as coiled, the sperm ducts are longer and wider, and the posterodorsal fold is more quadrangular, rather than rounded (Figs 173-174). Males can be separated from others by the cymbium which is not as round as in Selenops simius , the embolus which does not extend beyond the edge of the cymbium, the MA is larger and directed more ventrally, and the lateral apophysis of the RTA is truncate distally (Figs 175-176).

Description.

Paratype male: Color:carapace (paratype) brown (recent) yellow-brown, darker at lateral margins, dark at fovea; sternum (paratype) orange-brown, darker around border (recent) light yellow, darker around border; chelicerae (paratype) brown, darker laterally, (recent) dusky yellow, dark grey laterally; maxillae (paratype) yellow-brown (recent) light yellow; labium (paratype) dusky yellow-brown, darker laterally, lightening distally (recent) pale yellow, lightening distally; abdomen dorsally (paratype) light yellow-brown, remnants of medial stripe and caudal w-shaped marks slightly visible, festoon visible (recent) grey-brown, darker laterally, markings similar to female, though less distinct; ventrally (paratype) yellow (recent) light yellow; legs (paratype) orange-brown, markings not visible (recent) lighter than carapace, yellow to cream with dusky annulations slightly visible, anterolateral faces of femora with dusky spots making a stripe. Carapace:0.89 times longer than broad; fovea longitudinal, broad, very shallow. Eyes:AER nearly straight; PER slightly recurved; PME larger than AME, PLE largest, ALE smallest; eye diameters, AME 0.20, ALE 0.06, PME 0.28, PLE 0.38; interdistances AME-PME 0.18, PME-ALE 0.18, ALE-PLE 0.40. PME-PME 1.20. ALE-ALE 1.90; ocular quadrangle AME-AME 0.38, PLE-PLE 2.15; clypeus 0.07 high. Mouthparts:chelicerae with few scattered setae medially and anteriorly; maxillae longer than broad, with tuft of conspicuous setae distally; labium distally rounded. Sternum:as long as broad, posteriorly indented. Legs:leg I only slightly shorter than II and III; leg formula 2314; scopulae present on tarsi of all legs and metatarsi of legs I and II; tarsi I-IV with strong claw tufts; pr claw per foot slightly toothed; spination: leg I, Fm pr 1 –1– 1, d 1 –1– 1, rl 1 –1– 1; Ti d 1 –1– 0, pr 1 –0– 1, rl 1 –0– 1, v 2 –2–2– 1; Mt pr 1 –1– 0, rl 1 –1– 0, v 2-2; leg II, Fm pr 1 –1– 1, d 1 –1– 1, rl 1 –1– 1; Ti pr 1 –0– 1, d 1 –1– 0, rl 1 –0– 1, v 2 –2– 2; Mt pr 1 –1– 0, rl 1 –0– 0, v 2-2; leg III, Fm pr 1 –1– 1, d 1 –1– 1, rl 1 –1– 1; Ti pr 1 –0– 1, rl 1 –0– 1, d 1 –0– 0, v 2-2; Mt pr 1 –1– 0, rl 1 –1– 0, v 2-2; leg IV, Fm pr 1 –1– 1, d 1 –1– 1, rl 0 –1– 1; Ti pr 1 –0– 1, rl 1 –0– 1, d 1 –0– 0, v 2-2; Mt pr 1 –1– 0, rl 1 –1– 0, v 2-2. Abdomen:without terminal setal tufts. Pedipalp:Fm, spination d 0 –1– 4; cymbium oval to round in ventral view, slightly truncate posterolaterally; conductor large, arising medially on narrow stalk, T-shaped, pointed laterally; embolus very long, curved, originating at 5 o'clock, ending at 12 o' clock; MA arising at 3 o'clock, directed anterolaterally, small, abruptly tapered, slightly curved; quadrangular, truncate distally; RTA extending 1/5th length of cymbium in ventral view (Figs 175-176). Dimensions: Total length 7.35. Carapace length 3.85, width 4.33. Sternum length 1.85, width 1.85. Abdomen length 4.50, width 3.60. Pedipalp: Fm 1.00, Pt 0.25, Ti 0.50, Ta 1.50, total 3.25. Leg I: Fm 5.00, Pt 1.75, Ti 5.00, Mt 5.00, Ta 2.00, total 18.75. Leg II: Fm 6.25, Pt 1.90, Ti 6.00, Mt 5.00, Ta 2.00, total 21.15. Leg III: Fm 6.00, Pt 1.75, Ti 5.00, Mt 5.25, Ta 1.75, total 19.75. Leg IV: Fm 5.75, Pt 1.50, Ti 5.00, Mt 5.00, Ta 1.75, total 18.50.

Holotype female: Color:carapace (holotype) red-brown with white setae (recent) yellow-brown to red-brown, sometimes darker in cephalic area, dusky markings laterally and mediolaterally; sternum (holotype) orange-brown, darker around border, (recent) light yellow darker around border; chelicerae (holotype) dark red-brown, darker laterally (recent) same as carapace, darker laterally; maxillae (holotype) orange-brown, lightening distally (recent) dusky yellow, lightening distally; labium (holotype) dark brown, (recent) yellow-brown; abdomen dorsally (holotype) yellow-grey, duskier medially, no markings apparent except laterocaudal festoon (recent) grey-yellow-brown, darker caudally, lanceolate stripe, center of stripe sometimes lighter, thus can appear as two stripes, and sometimes just dots, two dots readily apparent in most specimens, caudally where abdomen is darker, brown w-shaped stripes and festoon apparent; ventrally (holotype) yellow (recent) light yellow; legs (holotype) orange-brown, annulations faded, but visible (recent) lighter than carapace, annulations present; Cephalothorax:0.88 times longer than broad; fovea longitudinal, broad, very shallow. Eyes:AER nearly straight; PER slightly recurved; AME slightly larger than PME, PLE largest, ALE smallest; eye diameters, AME 0.30, ALE 0.18, PME 0.28, PLE 0.45; interdistances AME-PME 0.10, PME-ALE 0.15, ALE-PLE 0.45. PME-PME 1.40. ALE-ALE 2.30; ocular quadrangle AME-AME 0.55, PLE-PLE 2.95; clypeus 0.15 high. Mouthparts:chelicerae with a few stout setae medially and anteriorly; maxillae longer than broad, with tuft of conspicuous setae distally; labium distally rounded. Sternum:as long as broad. Legs:leg I only slightly shorter than legs II, III and IV; leg formula 2134; scopulae present on tarsi of all legs and metatarsi of legs I and II; tarsi I-IV with strong claw tufts; pr claw per foot slightly toothed; spination: leg I, Fm pr 1 –1– 0, d 1 –1– 1, rl 0 –0– 1; Ti v 2 –2– 2; Mt v 2-2; leg II, Fm pr 1 –1– 0, d 1 –1– 1, rl 0 –0– 1; Ti v 2 –2– 2; Mt v 2-2; leg III, Fm pr 1 –1– 0, d 1 –1– 1, rl 0 –0– 1; Ti v 2 –2– 0; Mt v 2-2; leg IV, Fm pr 1 –1– 0, d 1 –1– 1, rl 0 –0– 1; Ti v 2 –2– 0; Mt v 2-1. Abdomen:with terminal setal tufts. Pedipalp:claw with 8 teeth. Epigyne:median field v-shaped to heart-shaped, genital openings located at lateral margins, epigynal pockets present; internally, sperm ducts extend posteriorly, tapering to rounded ducts, posterodorsal fold present medially, squarish to angular, truncate anteriorly (Figs 173-174). Dimensions: Total length 11.13. Carapace length 4.50, width 5.10. Abdomen length 6.63, width 4.95. Pedipalp: Fm 1.75, Pt 0.40, Ti 0.80, Ta 1.40, total 4.35. Leg I: Fm 5.80, Pt 2.00, Ti 4.75, Mt 3.30, Ta 1.00, total 16.85. Leg II: Fm 4.75, Pt 2.00, Ti 4.75, Mt 3.75, Ta 1.65, total 16.90. Leg III: Fm 5.00, Pt 1.75, Ti 4.00, Mt 3.50, Ta 1.50, total 15.75. Leg IV: Fm 5.00, Pt 1.75, Ti 3.75, Mt 3.75, Ta 1.30, total 15.55.

Natural History.

This species has been found under bark and rocks, on the trunks of trees at night and on the ceiling at the entrance to a cave, as well as inside houses (Fig. 195). One female (sel_673) made an egg sac that contained about 30 eggs, but the eggs were yellow, deflated and gooey. Another female (sel_669) made an egg sac in VII. 2006. Some eggs hatched 13.VIII.2006. There were 42 eggs, but only 2 imms. One female (sel_287) was collected with a palp stuck in the epigynum. The female guards the white disc-shaped egg sac.

Distribution.

This species is found in Cuba, the Bahamas, Cayman Islands and southern Florida (Map 10).