Colletes furfuraceus Holmberg, 1886

Ferrari, Rafael R., 2019, A revision of Colletes Latreille (Hymenoptera: Colletidae: Colletinae) from Brazil, Paraguay and Uruguay, Zootaxa 4606 (1), pp. 1-91 : 31-36

Colletes furfuraceus Holmberg, 1886

( Figs. 17 , 18 , 19)

Colletes furfuracea Holmberg, 1886: 183 .

Holotype ♀ lost. ( MACN).

Colletes furfuraceus ; Dalla Torre 1896: 41; Friese 1906: 89, 1908:10, 1910: 650, 1912: 367, 1916: 290; Schrottky 1907: 5, 1913: 236; Jensen-Haarup 1908: 100; Ĵrgensen 1909: 55, 1912a: 300, 1912b: 96; Graf 1968: 73; Moure & Urban 2002: 10; Silveira et al. 2002: 155; Moure et al. 2007: 681; Almeida & Danforth 2009: 293; Kuhlmann et al. 2009: 296; Moure et al. 2012; Ascher & Pickering 2018.

Colletes furfuracens (sic); Schrottky: 1903: 180.

Colletes furfurasceus (sic); Schlindwein 1995: 88, 1998: 51.

Diagnosis: The female of C. furfuraceus can be diagnosed through the combination of clypeus longitudinally striate, labrum with mid depression margined laterally by longitudinal ridges, and metasoma terga (except T6) covered with pale-yellow appressed hairs. The male is diagnosable by the combination of malar area longer than basal depth of mandible, paraocular area with only pale hairs, and T3–T5 discs back and covered with short setae. Colletes furfuraceus is most similar to C. sexangulus n. sp. as in their females (the male of the latter is unknown) the labrum is concave mid-longitudinally and the concavity is marginal by lateral ridges, F1 is roughly 1.5x as long as its apical width, and T1–T5 are covered with pale-yellow appressed hairs. However, they can be distinguished from each other by malar area relatively long (~1.2x MOD) in C. furfuraceus (malar area 0.8x MOD in C. sexangulus n. sp.); dorsolateral angle of pronotum modified into a long spine in C. furufuraceus (dorsolateral angle of pronotum only pointed in C. sexangulus n. sp.); and T1–T5 with dark-brown marginal zones in C. furfuraceus (T1–T5 marginal zones pale-yellow in C. sexangulus n. sp.).

Redescription: FEMALE ( Figs. 17A, 17C, 17E ):

Dimensions (mm): Approximate body length 9.6–10; head width 3.2–3.4; head length 2.6–2.7; intertegular distance 2.5–2.8; forewing length 7.1–7.4.

Colouration: Black except distal 1/3 of mandible, distal 2/3 of tarsal claws reddish-brown. Ventral surface of F2–F10, wing venation (except vein R black), stigma, anterodorsal surface of mid femur, distitarsi, ventrally inflexed lateral area of T1, marginal zones of T1–T5, disc of S2, mid-longitudinal area of S6 dark-brown. Tegula, proximal 1/3 of tarsal claws pale-brown. Tibial spurs, marginal zones of metasomal sterna pale-yellow.

Structure: Labrum medially concave; concavity margined laterally by longitudinal ridges. Clypeal mid-longitudinal area deeply depressed; depression moderately broad (0.7x MOD) above, slightly narrower (0.5x MOD) below. Malar area 1.25x as long as basal depth of mandible (50:40). Hypostomal carina short and flat. F1 1.5x as long as its apical width (36:24). UID:LID (67:62). Frontal area without protrusion below lateral ocellus. Vertexal area concave behind upper summit of eye in postero-lateral view. Dorsolateral angle of pronotum modified into a long spine. Mesepisternum ventrally, near ventral end of episternal groove, without protrusion surrounded by appressed hairs. Horizontal surface of metapostnotum ~0.3x as long as metanotum (18:52); metapostnotal pits well-delimited; posterior transverse carina straight and complete. Posteromedial surface of front coxa without spine. Posterior hind tibial spur ciliate. Hind basitarsus ~3.6x longer than broad (59:16). Outer rami of hind tarsal claws 2x as long as inner rami (14:7). Marginal zone of T1 flat. Marginal zone of S6 depressed.

Pubescence: Head with off-white, plumose, erect, long hairs; except mandible with fuscous setae; paraocular, frontal and vertexal areas with off-white and black hairs intermixed; genal area with suberect, moderately short hairs adjacently to outer margin of eye; proboscidial fossa with very long hairs. Mesosoma with pale-yellow, plumose, erect, long hairs; except pronotal lobe with moderately short hairs; mesepisternum and metepisternum with off-white hairs; lateral surface of propodeum with off-white, plumose, appressed, short hairs on disc. Legs with pale-yellow, erect, moderately long setae; except trochanters and femora with plumose, long hairs anteroventrally; front tibia with suberect, short setae anterodorsally; mid and hind tibiae with fulvous setae posteriorly; femoral and tibial scopae with branched apically only, suberect, very long hairs anteriorly; mid and hind basitarsi with long setae posteriorly. Metasoma terga covered with pale-yellow, plumose, appressed, short hairs (except T6 with black, suberect, moderately short setae); T1 with plumose, erect, long hairs; T2–T3 with pale-yellow, erect, short setae; T4–T5 with black, erect, long setae. Metasomal sterna with pale-yellow hairs (except S6 with fuscous setae posteriorly); S1 with plumose, erect, moderately long hairs; S2 disc with branched apically only, erect, moderately long hairs; S3–S6 discs with erect, moderately short setae (those setae longer on S5 posteriorly); marginal zones of S2–S4 with a transverse line of plumose, suberect hairs.

Surface sculpture: Clypeal convex area longitudinally striate; mid-longitudinal depression sparsely and moderately finely punctate; integument smooth throughout. Supraclypeal area imbricate. Malar area sparsely and moderately finely punctate; interspaces rather finely striate. Paraocular area densely punctate; punctures moderately coarse below, finer above; interspaces smooth throughout. Frontal area densely and moderately coarsely punctate; interspaces imbricate. Vertexal area sparsely and finely punctate near eye; punctures denser and coarser towards lateral ocellus; interspaces smooth throughout. Mesoscutum moderately densely and moderately coarsely punctate (except sparsely punctate posteromedially); interspaces smooth. Scutellum densely and moderately coarsely punctate (except punctures sparser anteriorly and finer posteriorly); interspaces smooth. Metanotum punctures crowd- ed and moderately fine. Mesepisternum densely and coarsely punctate; interspaces rugulose anterior to episternal groove, smooth elsewhere. Metepisternum with oblique carinae mid-anteriorly; rugose above; densely and moderately finely punctate below. Lateral surface of propodeum sparsely and moderately finely punctate; interspaces rugulose. Vertical surface of metapostnotum with transverse carinae above. Metasoma terga with smooth interspaces; T1 sparsely and finely punctate; T2–T5 minutely punctate. Metasomal sterna with imbricate interspaces; S2–S5 sparsely and moderately finely punctate; S6 densely and moderately coarsely punctate (except finely punctate anteriorly).

MALE ( Figs. 17B, 17D, 17F ). As in female, except for usual secondary sexual characteristics and as follows:

Dimensions (mm): Approximate body length 8.7–9.3; head width 2.9–3.2; head length 2.3–2.5; intertegular distance 2.3–2.6; forewing length 7.0–7.5.

Colouration: Ventral surface of F2–F5 pale-brown. Dorsal surface of mediotarsi pale-brown. Wing venation and stigma pale-yellow.

Structure: Labral mid concavity not margined laterally by longitudinal ridges. Clypeal mid-longitudinal area shallowly depressed; depression narrow (0.3x MOD) above, much broader (maximum width 1.8x MOD) below. Malar area ~1.2x as long as basal depth of mandible (39:33). F1 ~0.9x as long as its apical width (23:25). UID:LID (64:52). Frontal area without protrusion below lateral ocellus. Vertexal area concave behind upper summit of eye in postero-lateral view. Dorsolateral angle of pronotum pointed. Horizontal surface of metapostnotum ~0.6x as long as metanotum (22:39); metapostnotal pits well-delimited; posterior transverse carina complete. Hind basitarsus 4.1x longer than broad (41:10). Outer rami of hind tarsal claws 1.9x as long as inner rami (19:10). Marginal zone of S6 not depressed. S7, S8 and genital capsule as in Figs. 18A, 18B, 18C , respectively.

Pubescence: Mandible with plumose hairs. Genal area with erect hairs throughout. Pronotal lobe hairs as long as those of mesoscutum. Lateral surface of propodeum with erect, very long hairs on disc. T1–T5 with appressed, short hairs restricted to marginal zones. T2 disc with plumose, erect, moderately long hairs. T6 with pale-yellow setae. S2 disc with plumose hairs. Setae on S3–S5 discs with evenly long setae. S6 with pale-yellow setae throughout.

Surface sculpture: Clypeal convex area moderately coarsely punctate; mid-longitudinal depression with punctures crowded and fine. Supraclypeal area with crowded punctures. Malar not striate. Paraocular area punctures crowded and fine below. Vertexal area densely and moderately finely punctate throughout. Mesoscutum densely punctate posteromedially. Metanotum densely punctate. T1 moderately densely and moderately finely punctate. T2–T5 densely and finely punctate. S5–S6 sparsely and finely punctate.

Material studied: ARGENTINA — Buenos Aires: Puan, Felipe Solá , i/1952, [Martinez], 1♁, {SEMC}; idem, except ii/1952, 10♁♁. Tandil, i/1952, 1♁, { SEMC }. Catamarca: Andalgalá , 18/x/1972, [J. Neff], 1♁, { SEMC }; idem, except 12/xi/1973, 2♁♁. Córdoba: Calera, xi/1952, [J. Foerster], 1♀, { SEMC }.

Range: ARGENTINA (Buenos Aires, Catamarca, Córdoba), Brazil ( Rio Grande do Sul ) , PARAGUAY (Itapua, Misiones, Neembucu). See also Fig. 19 .

Biogeographical distribution: Chacoan dominion (Chacoan and Pampean provinces), and South American transition zone (Monte province) at altitudes of 200–1200m a.s.l.

DNA barcode: Unavailable.

Floral hosts: Capparaceae— Atamisquea emarginata Miers ex Hook. & Arn. (this tudy). Compositae— Baccharis sp. ( Jensen-Haarup 1908). Leguminosae— Adesmia trijuga Hook. & Arn. (this study); Prosopis nigra Hieron. (this study). Loasaceae— Blumenbachia insignis Schrad. ( Schlindwein 1995, 1998). According to Ĵrgensen (1912a,b), C. furfuraceus also visits the following plant species: Compositae— Parthenium hysterophorus L., Senecio mendocinus Phil. Leguminosae— Geoffroea decorticans (Hook. & Anr.) Burkart (as Gourliea decorticans Hook. & Arn. ), Prosopis alpataco Phil. Malvaceae— Sphaeralcea bonariensis (Cav.) Griseb. Solanaceae— Lycium chilense Bertero. Tamaricaceae— Tamarix Africana Poir. Zygophyllaceae— Larrea divaricata Cav.

Comments: Colletes furfuraceus is a common species that is widely distributed in Argentina (from Catamarca in the northwest to Buenos Aires in the southeast) and also found in southern Brazil and Paraguay. According to the literature, the female visits flowers of at least ten plant families, which likely explains why the species is so widespread.

Regrettably, the female holotype of C. furfuraceus that was originally deposited at the MACN is lost (Roig- Alsina, pers. comm.). Nonetheless, its identity was established through examination of photographs of the female specimen that will be designated as the species’ neotype in a different study (Roig-Alsina et al., in prep.). The future neotype is also deposited at the MACN and is labelled as follows: “Neco-;chia”. “ II. 18; 1920”. “ Colletes ; furfuraceus; Holmberg”. “ Colletes ♀; furfuraceus Holmberg ; NEOTYPUS; Ferrari, Compagnucci & Roig-Alsina”.

Figures

FIGURE 17. Colletes furfuraceus Holmberg, 1886. Female: (A) habitus, lateral view; (C) face, frontal view; (E) habitus, dorsal view. Male: (B) habitus, lateral view; (D) face, frontal view; (F) habitus, dorsal view. Scale bars = 1mm.

FIGURE 18. Dorsal view of the male terminalia of Colletes furfuraceus. (A) S7; (B) S8; (C) genital capsule. Scale bars = 1mm.

FIGURE 19. Geographical distribution of Colletes furfuraceus (green diamonds), C. michenerianus (red stars), and C. rufipes (blue circles). Scale bar approximately 250km.