Riekoleon longitudinalis Machado, 2020

Machado, Renato Jose Pires & Oswald, John David, 2020, Morphological phylogeny and taxonomic revision of the former antlion subtribe Periclystina (Neuroptera: Myrmeleontidae: Dendroleontinae), Zootaxa 4796 (1), pp. 1-322 : 301-304

Riekoleon longitudinalis Machado , new species

( Figs. 160–162 )

http://zoobank.org/NomenclaturalActs/ 9C389775-39FE-431E-9844-081C21D80773

Diagnosis. Forewing: first fork of RP in proximal half of wing, dark longitudinal line extending across radial area; hind wing with subapical mark as large as rhegmal mark; female posterior gonapophysis longer than wide; female anterior gonapophysis a large plate.

Description. Lengths: forewing: 32–33 mm; hind wing: 29–30 mm.

Head ( Figs. 160 a–b): Labrum pale with a line of elongate setae. Clypeus pale; with few elongate pale setae. Frons beneath antennae pale but remaining areas black; set with few pale setae. Gena pale. Vertex raised; in anterior view pale except for two black longitudinal marks around the central region; in dorsal view pale except for two black longitudinal lines surrounding central area, and a black transverse medial line; covered with short black setae. Ocular setae absent. Antennae almost twice longer than pronotum; basal flagellomeres almost as long as wide, apical ones wider than long; scape, pedicel and first flagellomere black, remaining segments light brown; flagellum covered with short black setae; scape and pedicel set with short pale setae; torular membrane black. Mandibles pale with tip black. Palpi, maxillary and labial pale, except for basal maxillary segment black, and area around palpimacula opening slightly darker; apical labial palpomere fusiform, palpimacula opening oval-shaped, located medially.

Thorax ( Fig. 160b ): Pronotum about as long as wide; posterior margin as wide as anterior; subapical furrow present; pale except by a broad black longitudinal streak that enclose a thin pale line on medial area, two thin black lateral lines on posterior area (lines interrupted on their medial length), and posterior corners black; beset with many short black setae and a few long setae on margins. Pterothoracic notum pale except for a broad black line that extends from pronotum throughout pterothorax; mesoscutum with two thin longitudinal black lines; covered with short black setae. Pterothoracic pleura mostly black but ventral area of ventral segments pale; dorsal segments covered with black setae and ventral segments with white setae; Miller’s organ present.

Wings ( Fig. 160c ): Rather narrow with tip acute, anterior Banksian line present in both wings, posterior absent; veins mostly brown, but with some veins intercalated with white spots, beset with short black setae. Male pilula axillaris present. Forewing membrane mostly hyaline but with a longitudinal brown line starting on costal area base, continuing throughout mediocubital area and extending over gradate crossveins up to apex, line interrupted by some small hyaline areas; there is also a small stigmal brown mark, and tiny brown marks on posterior and apical margins; pterostigma with apex white and base brown; CuA fork located between RP origin and first fork; three presectoral crossveins, distal crossvein with a medial veinlet connecting to RP; subcostal veinlets simple, but few distal sometimes forked; posterior area narrower than prefork area at CuA fork level. Hind wing membrane mostly hyaline except for two large brown spots, an apical and other on rhegmal area; pterostigma mostly white; MP fork located between RP origin and first fork; subcostal venlets simple; one presectoral crossvein.

Legs ( Figs. 160 a–b): All pairs of legs, femur elongate (> 2.5x length of coxa); tibia slightly longer than femur and about twice longer than tarsi; tibial spurs extending to T2 apex; all tarsomeres about same size, except for T5 slightly longer; claws about half of T5 length; coxa and trochanter set with white setae and few black setae; femur with internal surface covered with short white setae but remaining areas covered with short black setae, and scattered long black and white setae; tibia and tarsi set with short black setae, and scattered long black setae, mainly at tibia; T5 ventrally with two rows of thick, long, black setae. Proleg sense hair absent; tibia with antennal cleaning setae ventroapically; coxa, trochanter and femur with internal surface pale but external dark brown, femur apex completely dark brown, tibia mostly pale except for three dark brown marks on external surface; tarsi brown but T5 slightly lighter. Mesoleg with same colour pattern of proleg, except for coxa, trochanter and femur entirely pale (femur apex brown). Metaleg with femur, tibia and T1 slightly longer than in other legs; colour pattern similar to mesoleg, except for tibia pale with apex brown.

Abdomen: Tergites mostly dark brown with some irregular pale marks; beset with short black setae. Sternites mostly pale with scattered dark marks; set mostly with short white setae.

Male Terminalia: Unknown.

Female Terminalia ( Figs. 161 a–b): Ectoproct posterior margin rounded covered, with thin elongate setae. Lateral gonapophyses rounded, smaller than ectoproct, covered with elongate setae. 7 th sternite distal margin straight in ventral view; set with long black setae. Pregenital plate shaped a small arrowhead. Posterior gonapophyses broad and elongate, semi rectangular; covered with long black setae, and numerous long cavisetae at apex. 9 th tergite with a membranous digitiform process. Anterior gonapophyses large rounded plate, covered with many long setae. Ventral membrane gonapophyseal plates present.

Distribution ( Fig. 162 ). Australia: QLD. Known from sparse records in northeastern Queensland.

Adult activity period. Records for September, November, and January.

Biology. Unknown, larva unknown.

Etymology. longitudin- (from Latin longitudinis, lengths) + - alis (from Latin -alis, pertaining to), in reference to the long, dark, longitudinal markings present on the pronotum and forewing.

Name-bearing type. Riekoleon longitudinalis : Holotype (by present designation), female, AMSA. AUSTRA- LIA: Queensland: Routh Creek : 21 km E of Georgetown, 4.jan.1990, M.S. & B.J. Moulds. Condition: pinned; good; but antennae missing; terminalia dissected.

Paratypes (2♀). AUSTRALIA: Queensland: Magnetic Island: Sept., A.M. Lea, Glenoleon sp? berthoudi , det. T.R. New 1982 (1♀, SAMA, pinned); Millstream Falls : 5 km W of Ravenshoe, 820m, 17.39S– 145.27W, 25.xi.1998, E.D. Edwards & H. Sutrisno (1♀, ANIC, pinned) .

Comments. Riekoleon longitudinalis sp. nov. is the largest species in the genus based on forewing length and is easily identified by the dark longitudinal lines of the forewing and pronotum. The short pronotal setae, and large and rectangular female posterior gonapophysis place this species close to R. rudda . The shape of the dark longitudinal line of the forewing is similar to Austrogymnocnemia berthoudi , but the large apical spots in the hind wing (of R. longitudinalis ) and the general form of the female terminalia clearly separate them. For phylogenetic relationships see Fig. 4 .

Figures

FIGURE 4. Strict consensus tree of morphology-based parsimony analysis of species belonging to the former subtribe Periclystina (ingroup, names in black), and outgroups (names in red). Former Glenoleon species are shown on blue branches, former Austrogymnocnemia species on green branches. Numbers above branches are Bremer support values; numbers below branches are bootstrap values (shown where>50%).

FIGURE 160. Riekoleon longitudinalis sp. nov.: a) head, anterior; b) head and thorax, dorsal; c) wings, dorsal.

FIGURE 161. Riekoleon longitudinalis sp. nov.: female: a) terminalia, lateral; b) terminalia, ventral (note pregenital plate hidden beneath sternite). Scale bars = 1mm.

FIGURE 162. Distribution of Riekoleon species (part).