Glenoleon maculatus New, 1985

Machado, Renato Jose Pires & Oswald, John David, 2020, Morphological phylogeny and taxonomic revision of the former antlion subtribe Periclystina (Neuroptera: Myrmeleontidae: Dendroleontinae), Zootaxa 4796 (1), pp. 1-322 : 166-169

Glenoleon maculatus New, 1985

( Figs. 78 , 81–82 )

Glenoleon maculatus New, 1985:58 (OD); New 1996:67 (cat); Stange 2004:104 (cat); Oswald 2018 (cat).

Diagnosis. Legs elongate; tibial spurs reaching half of T1 length; forewing costal area uniareolate; forewing radial crossveins cross linked; wings with numerous rounded brown marks; female pregenital plate conically invaginated; female lateral gonapophysis without cavisetae.

Description. Lengths: forewing: 19 mm; hind wing: 18 mm.

Head ( Fig. 81a ): Labrum pale, set with a line of elongate setae. Clypeus pale, with few short pale setae. Frons ventrally pale but area around and between antennae dark brown; set with short pale setae. Gena pale. Vertex raised; in anterior view pale, with two short transverse dark marks laterally and a small central dark mark; in dorsal view with anterior half pale except for a central longitudinal black line, and posterior half black; set with short black setae. Ocular setae absent. Antennae clubbed; elongate,> 2x length of pronotum; distance between antennae wider than scape width; all segments dark brown; torular membrane dark brown; flagellomeres almost as long as wide at base, apical ones wider than long; all segments set with short black setae. Mandibles pale, with tip black. Palpi, maxillary and labial brown, with apical segments dark brown; covered with short black setae, apical labial palpomere fusiform, palpimacula opening oval-shaped, located medially.

Thorax ( Fig. 81a ): Pronotum slightly longer than wide; posterior margin wider than anterior; subapical furrow present; pale with lateral areas black, mainly on posterior half, and a broad longitudinal medial line “Y” shaped; set with short black setae. Mesonotum mostly black except for scutellum pale and two rounded pale spots on prescutum; all segments set with short black setae. Metanotum mostly black except for most part of scutellum pale, and two rounded pale areas at scutum. Pterothoracic pleura mostly dark brown, with scattered pale areas, mainly on ventral sclerites; covered with white setae; Miller’s organ present.

Wings ( Figs. 81 a–b): Rather broad, with tip rounded; anterior Banksian line present in both wings, posterior absent; veins mostly black, but some veins intercalated with white spots, mainly at the forewing, beset with short black setae. Forewing membrane mostly hyaline but with numerous large rounded brown marks on whole wing; pterostigma tip white; CuA fork located between RP origin and first fork; four presectoral crossveins, with a veinlet connecting the last two; basal subcostal veinlets simple, but apical ones sometimes forked and linked; radial cross- veins irregularly linked; posterior area about as wide as prefork area. Hind wing membrane mostly hyaline except for three large rounded brown spots at apical region, and scattered smaller brown marks; MP fork located between RP origin and first fork; subcostal veinlets simple; one presectoral crossvein, with a medial spur.

Legs: All pairs of legs, femur elongate (> 3.5x length of coxa); tibia slightly longer than femur; but longer than tarsi; tibial spurs reaching half of T1; T2, T3 and T4 about same size, T1 slightly longer than T2 but T5 about twice longer than T1; claws near half of T5 length; coxa and trochanter set with short white setae; all other segments set with short black setae, and scattered long black setae at femur and tibia. Proleg sense hair absent; tibia with antennal cleaning setae ventroapically; coxa predominantly pale but external surface with dark brown marks, femur and tarsomeres pale with tip black, tibia pale with three black rings, one at apex and two on basal half. Mesoleg with same colour pattern of proleg. Metaleg with femur and tibia slightly longer than anterior legs; colour pattern equal to other legs, except for the absence of the two basal dark rings in tibia.

Abdomen: Mostly dark brown but with numerous irregular pale marks; covered with short black setae.

Male Terminalia: unknown.

Female Terminalia ( Figs. 82 a–b): Ectoproct posterior margin rounded covered with thin elongate setae. Lateral gonapophyses rounded, smaller than ectoproct and covered with elongate setae. 7 th sternite with distal margin straight, and set with elongate black setae distally. Pregenital plate in ventral view, with a large posterior central knob, anterior margin with a small invagination medially, lateral margins acute. Posterior gonapophyses broad, elongate, with tip rounded; covered with long black setae, and cavisetae apically. 9 th tergite with a broad membranous digitiform process. Anterior gonapophyses absent. Ventral membrane, gonapophyseal plates absent.

Distribution ( Fig. 78 ). Australia: VIC (known only from holotype).

Adult activity period. Record for March.

Biology. Unknown, larva unknown.

Name-bearing type. Glenoleon maculatus : Holotype (by original designation), female, ANIC, examined. Type locality: Australia, Victoria, 6.5 km N of Pyramid Hill (town). From original description: “ Holotype, ♀, Victoria, 4 miles N. of Pyramid Hill, 3.iii.1956, I.F.B. Common ( ANIC)”. Condition: good, antennae and left mesoleg broken, terminalia dissected.

Comments. Because of its unusual rounded wing maculations Glenoleon maculatus is unmistakable within the Periclystus genus group. The species was considered to be a close relative of G. aurora by ( New 1985b), but here it was recovered as sister to the type species of the genus, G. pulchellus ( Fig. 4 ).

Figures

FIGURE 4. Strict consensus tree of morphology-based parsimony analysis of species belonging to the former subtribe Periclystina (ingroup, names in black), and outgroups (names in red). Former Glenoleon species are shown on blue branches, former Austrogymnocnemia species on green branches. Numbers above branches are Bremer support values; numbers below branches are bootstrap values (shown where>50%).

FIGURE 78. Distribution of Glenoleon species (part).

FIGURE 81. Glenoleon maculatus: a) habitus, dorsal; b) wings, dorsal.

FIGURE 82. Glenoleon maculatus: female: a) terminalia, lateral; b) 7th sternite and pregenital plate, ventral. Scale bars = 0.5 mm.