Dinotrema (Synaldis) pilosicaudatum, Dias de Oliveira & Penteado-Dias, 2024

Dias de Oliveira, Franciélle & Penteado-Dias, Angélica Maria, 2024, First record of subgenus Synaldis Foerster (Hymenoptera, Braconidae, Alysiinae, Dinotrema Foerster) from Chile, with description of ten new species, ZooKeys 1206, pp. 275-314 : 275-314

publication ID	https://doi.org/ 10.3897/zookeys.1206.124515
publication LSID	lsid:zoobank.org:pub:879E4E4E-8904-4879-8F28-8F6EAD0AE9FC
DOI	https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.12707023
persistent identifier	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/59D7DEA1-FF88-4DB4-8729-F5173D560940
taxon LSID	lsid:zoobank.org:act:59D7DEA1-FF88-4DB4-8729-F5173D560940
treatment provided by	ZooKeys by Pensoft
scientific name	Dinotrema (Synaldis) pilosicaudatum
status	sp. nov.

Treatment

Dinotrema (Synaldis) pilosicaudatum sp. nov.

Figs 72–82 View Figures 72–82

Type material.

Holotype: Chile • ♀ ( MNNC); Osorno , Parque Nacional Puyehue, Antillanca; 40 ° 46 ' 55 " S, 72 ° 12 ' 39 " W; alt. 987 m; 16–30 Mar. 2020; D. Amorim and V. Silva leg.; Malaise trap GoogleMaps . Paratypes: Chile • 1 ♂ ( MNNC); same data as for holotype, except 40 ° 46 ' 28 " S, 72 ° 12 ' 41 " W; alt. 1054 m; 14 Jan. – 3 Feb. 2017; sweeping GoogleMaps • 1 ♀ ( DCBU 514534 View Materials ) and 1 ♂ ( DCBU 514551 View Materials ); same data as for holotype GoogleMaps .

Diagnosis.

This species differs from other New World species of Synaldis by the combination of the following characteristics: in lateral view, eye as wider as or slightly wider than temple (Fig. 74 View Figures 72–82 ); mandible with three relatively large teeth, diagonal carina present, mandibular apex (at least slightly) wider than base (Fig. 74 View Figures 72–82 ); F 1 3.70–3.85 × as long as wide (Fig. 76 View Figures 72–82 ); mesoscutal pit present, conspicuous (Fig. 77 View Figures 72–82 ); propodeum with areola, median longitudinal carina and transverse carinae complete (Fig. 81 View Figures 72–82 ); propodeum with a distinct protuberance in lateral view (Fig. 78 View Figures 72–82 ); fore wing vein cu-a postfurcal, 1 - CU 1 as long as or shorter than cu-a (Fig. 79 View Figures 72–82 ); hind tibia 8.9–9.1 × as long as wide; T 1 rugose – foveolate (Fig. 80 View Figures 72–82 ); ovipositor sheath with several distinct, erect setae, except on 1 / 4 apical almost glabrous (Fig. 82 View Figures 72–82 ).

Dinotrema (S.) pilosicaudatum sp. nov. is similar to D. (S.) latusdentertium sp. nov., their distinctions are given in the identification key.

Description.

♀. Length. Body: 2.0– 2.2 mm. Fore wing: 2.4 mm. Hind wing: 1.65 mm.

Head: in dorsal view (Fig. 73 View Figures 72–82 ), 1.7–1.8 × as wide as long, 1.4 × as wide as mesosoma, ca as wide at eyes as temples. Frons with weak mid groove. POL 1.3 × as OD, OOL 2.90–3.15 × as OD. In lateral view (Fig. 74 View Figures 72–82 ), eye 1.4–1.5 × as high as wide, 1.0–1.1 × as wide as temple. Face 1.6 × as wide as high (Fig. 75 View Figures 72–82 ), 2.0 × as wide as clypeus, punctate, with longitudinal ridge dorsally. Clypeus 1.65 × as wide as high, slightly concave ventrally. Malar space 0.6 × as clypeus height. Paraclypeal fovea short size. Mandible 1.5 × as long as wide (Fig. 74 View Figures 72–82 ), diagonal carina present. Mandibular apex 1.1–1.2 × wide as base. Upper tooth almost rounded. Middle tooth acute, longer than other teeth. Lower tooth rounded, as long as upper tooth. Upper tooth as wide as lower, wider than middle tooth. Antenna with 18–20 segments (Fig. 76 View Figures 72–82 ), 0.9–1.0 × as long as body. Scape 2.0 × as long as pedicel. F 1 3.7–3.9 × as long as wide, 1.3–1.4 × as long as F 2. F 2 2.6 × as long as wide. F 3 2.1 × as long as wide. AF 2.0–2.1 × as long as wide. Maxillary palp 1.2 × as long as head height.

Mesosoma: 1.2–1.4 × as long as high (Fig. 78 View Figures 72–82 ), 2.1–2.2 × as long as wide. Mesoscutum as long as wide, notauli absent on horizontal surface of mesoscutum (Fig. 77 View Figures 72–82 ). Mesoscutal pit present, oval – elongate, occupying 0.2–0.3 × of mesoscutal length. Prescutellar depression 2.0–2.1 × as long as wide, with median carina incomplete posteriorly to complete, smooth laterally. Side of pronotum crenulate. Precoxal sulcus crenulate medially, not reaching anterior and / or posterior margins of mesopleuron (Fig. 78 View Figures 72–82 ). Posterior mesopleural furrow smooth. Propodeum mainly smooth (Fig. 81 View Figures 72–82 ), with areola as high as wide; median longitudinal carina complete; transverse carinae complete. Propodeum with a distinct protuberance in lateral view (Fig. 78 View Figures 72–82 ) Propodeal spiracle small, 0.3 × distance from spiracle to base of propodeum.

Wings: fore wing 2.5–2.6 × as long as wide, vein 1 - SR present, (r + 3 - SR) 5.1–5.4 × as long as r-m, SR 1 2.0–2.2 × as long as (r + 3 - SR); cu-a postfurcal, 1 - CU 1 0.7–1.0 × as long as cu-a. Marginal cell 4.2–4.3 × as long as wide, submarginal cell 2.0–2.2 × as long as wide, first subdiscal cell 3.05 × as long as wide (Fig. 79 View Figures 72–82 ). Hind wing 5.8 × as long as wide, vein 1 - M 0.4 × as long as M + CU, 1.2 × as long as 1 r-m; m-cu absent.

Legs: hind femur 4.9–5.2 × as long as wide. Hind tibia 8.9–9.1 × as long as wide, 1.1–1.2 × as long as hind tarsus. First segment of hind tarsus 1.9–2.1 × as long as second segment.

Metasoma: 1.6–1.7 × as long, and 0.8 × as wide as mesosoma (Fig. 72 View Figures 72–82 ). T 1 rugose – foveolate (Fig. 80 View Figures 72–82 ), 2.1–2.3 × as long as wide, apex 1.2–1.3 × as wide as base. Ovipositor 0.6–0.7 × as long as metasoma, 2.5 × as long as T 1, 1.5–1.7 × as long as hind femur. Ovipositor sheath with several distinct, erect setae (except on 1 / 4 apical almost glabrous, Fig. 82 View Figures 72–82 ), 0.5 × as long as metasoma, 1.8 × as long as T 1 (Fig. 72 View Figures 72–82 ).

Color: head dark brown, except mandibles and pedicel yellow. Mesosoma orange – yellow, except pronotum, mesoscutum, scutellum, and metanotum brown. Metasoma brown except ovipositor yellow. Wings hyaline, veins brown.

Male. Body length 2.1–2.3 mm. Head 1.3 × as wide as mesosoma. POL 1.6 × as OD, OOL 2.6 × as OD. Face 1.5–1.6 × as wide as high, 1.9 × as wide as clypeus. Clypeus 1.8 × as wide as high. Malar space 0.7 × as clypeus height. Mandible 1.4 × as long as wide. Antenna with 22 segments, 1.2 × as long as body. Scape 1.8 × as long as pedicel. F 1 1.1–1.3 × as long as F 2. F 2 2.6–2.8 × as long as wide. F 3 2.3–2.4 × as long as wide. AF 2.6 × as long as wide. Mesosoma 2.0 × as long as wide. Fore wing 2.4 × as long as wide, vein SR 1 1.8 × as long as (r + 3 - SR). Hind wing 4.65 × as long as wide; vein 1 - M 0.5 × as long as M + CU, 1.3 × as long as 1 r-m. Hind femur 4.6–5.0 × as long as wide. Hind tibia 9.6 × as long as wide. Metasoma 1.3–1.5 × as long as mesosoma. T 1 2.0 × as long as wide. Color as in ♀ or brown to dark brown, except mandibles and legs yellow, propleuron, mesopleuron ventrally orange.

Etymology.

The epithet is an adjective combining pilosi (from pilosus, Latin for hairy), caudatum (from cauda, Latin for tail). The species name refers to its ovipositor sheath with several distinct, erect setae (Fig. 82 View Figures 72–82 ).

Distribution.

Chile.

Comments.

Dinotrema (S.) pilosicaudatum sp. nov. can be associated with the Nearctic species D. (S.) glabrifovea ( Fischer, 1967) based on similarities in the shape of mandibles, relative length of the flagellomeres, and propodeal sculpture. However, in D. (S.) glabrifovea the mesoscutal pit is absent, the face and clypeus are relatively wider, and the antenna comprises 25 segments, among other distinguishing characteristics (according to Peris-Felipo and Belokobylskij 2017).