Acestrorhynchus falcirostris

Toledo-Piza, Mônica, 2007, Phylogenetic relationships among Acestrorhynchus species (Ostariophysi: Characiformes: Acestrorhynchidae), Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society 151 (4), pp. 691-757 : 746

AUTAPOMORPHIES OF A. FALCIROSTRIS

80. Expansion of anterior process of lateral ethmoid, and its contact with dorsolateral expansion of vomer and ventral diverging lamellae of mesethmoid, by means of strong interdigitations, resulting in a closed bony wall on medial side of nasal cavity (character 9, 0> 1).

81. Greatly reduced sixth infraorbital (character 36, 0> 1).

82. Presence of robust, not elongate, process on ventral surface of supraorbital (character 38, 1> 2). Independently acquired in clade formed by A. altus , A. abbreviatus , A. falcatus , A. lacustris , and A. pantaneiro .

83. Absence of endopterygoid teeth (character 51, 1> 0).

84. Lack of ossification on fourth basibranchial (character 67, 1> 0).

85. Lack of postcleithrum 3 (character 71, 0> 1).

86. Hypothesis 1: interdigitating shape of anterior vomer projection that overlaps posteroventral portion of mesethmoid (character 6, 1> 0). Independently acquired in A. heterolepis .

Ambiguous characters

87. Presence of segment of supraorbital laterosensory canal in frontal between pterotic and point where parietal branch exits supraorbital canal (character 94, 1> 0). Independently acquired in clade formed by A. altus , A. abbreviatus , A. falcatus , A. lacustris , and A. pantaneiro .

88. Hypothesis 2: reduction of ventral diverging lamella of mesethmoid (character 1, 2> 1).

89. Hypothesis 2: reduction of foramen on posterior portion of lateral wing of mesethmoid (character 2, 1> 0).

90. Hypothesis 2: reduction in size of premaxillary foramen that receives anteriormost dentary conical tooth (character 42, 2> 1).