Irura mandarina Simon 1903 ( Simon 1903b )

Kadam, Gautam, Tripathi, Rishikesh, Jangid, Ashish Kumar, Sudhikumar, Ambalaparambil Vasu & Hill, David E., 2021, First records of the jumping spider genus Irura Peckham & Peckham 1901 (Araneae: Salticidae: Simaethina) from India, Peckhamia 243 (1), pp. 1-9 : 5-8

Irura mandarina Simon 1903 ( Simon 1903b)

Figures 1 (map), 4-9 (description), 10 (habitat)

Material examined. INDIA: Maharashtra: Sindhudurg District: Kudal Town , 1♂ (NRC-AA-2355), 16.0473306°N, 73.7127417°E, 11m asl, coll . G . Kadam , 18 June 2021 . 2♀ (NRC-AA-2356, NRC-AA-2357), same as male, 20 June 2021. The three specimens are deposited in the research collection ( NRC) at the museum in National Centre for Biological Studies ( NCBS), Bangalore, Karnataka, India .

Description of male (accession number NRC-AA-2355; Figures 4-6). Carapace flat and broad, reddishbrown colour, anteriorly darker, covered with black setae with a pair of dark black patches between the PME. Eyes surrounded by dark rings. Clypeus light reddish-brown colour, very low, covered with black setae longer than the rest on carapace. Chelicerae light yellowish-brown, covered with few setae on minute elevations. Endites yellowish-red, outer margins with dark brown lines. Labium coloured as endites, tip covered with dense and dark setae. Sternum oval, light reddish-yellow coloured with truncated anterior end, covered with grey setae. Abdomen oval, yellowish-orange coloured, narrowing posteriorly, covered with a few black setae, with three pairs of light brown sigillae, widely separated. Spinnerets grey, densely covered with brown and black setae. Legs brown to red-brown. Legs I stronger and with more of setae than the other legs. Leg I femur prolaterally covered with white setae. Pedipalp: bulbus oval and slightly translucent, sperm duct originates at 9 o'clock position, embolus thin and long (slightly thick in anterior part), originates at 8 o'clock position; cymbium with long protrusion reaching the patella.

Body length 2.88. Carapace 1.36 long, 1.37 wide. Abdomen 1.51 long, 1.20 wide. Ocular area 0.78 long, 1.12 wide. Eye diameters: AME 0.29, ALE 0.17, PME 0.03, PLE 0.14. Intraocular distances: AME-AME 0.03, AME–ALE 0.09, PME–PME 0.99, ALE–ALE 0.75, PME–PLE 0.30, PLE–PLE 1.14, ALE–PME 0.14. Chelicera 0.46 long; 0.35 wide. Clypeus 0. Sternum 0.57 long, 0.45 wide. Labium 0.30 long, 0.27 wide. Endite 0.34 long, 0.25 wide. Pedipalp [0.43, 0.24, 0.35, 0.52], leg I [1.20, 0.86, 0.87, 0.50, 0.35], leg II [0.72, 0.33, 0.42, 0.30, 0.25], leg III [0.60, 0.28, 0.29, 0.30, 0.25], leg IV [0.97, 0.37, 0.42, 0.35, 0.27]. Leg formula (leg spines): femur & patellae I–IV spineless; tibia I plv 2 rlv 2, II plv 1 rlv 1, III-IV spineless; metatarsi I–II plv 2 rlv 2, III spineless, IV plv 1 rlv 1 v 2; tarsi I–IV spineless.

Description of female (accession numbers NRC-AA-2356, NRC-AA-2357; Figures 7-9). Habitus similar to male except for the slightly darker ocular area, covered with shiny white setae, and a lateral row of short white setae on posterior half of the carapace. Abdomen pale coloured. Epigynum slightly wider than long, flat and delicate, copulatory opening almost round, situated latero-medially, copulatory ducts long and Sshaped, fertilization ducts slender and situated medially.

Body length 2.96. Carapace 1.22 long, 1.27 wide. Abdomen 1.48 long, 1.17 wide. Ocular area 0.74 long, 1.23 wide. Eye diameters: AME 0.27, ALE 0.16, PME 0.02, PLE 0.11. Intraocular distances: AME–AME 0, AME–ALE 0.06, PME–PME 0.96, ALE–ALE 0.66, PME–PLE 0.17, PLE–PLE 1.11, ALE–PME 0.35. Chelicera 0.38 long, 0.34 wide. Clypeus 0. Sternum 0.52 long, 0.41 wide. Labium 0.22 long, 0.23 wide. Endite 0.28 long, 0.17 wide. Pedipalp [0.40, 0.17, 0.20, 0.38], Leg I [0.78, 0.52, 0.58, 0.31, 0.26], leg II [0.58, 0.32, 0.34, 0.27, 0.19], leg III [0.55, 0.23, 0.25, 0.26, 0.18], leg IV [0.67, 0.28, 0.39, 0.33, 0.20]. Leg formula (leg spines): femur & patellae I–IV spineless; tibia I plv 3 rlv 3, II plv 2 rlv 2, III-IV spineless; metatarsi I–II plv 2 rlv 2, III-IV spineless; tarsi I–IV spineless.

(exterior) view. 2, Dorsal view of dissected and cleared epigynum.

Note. The abdomen of both sexes has a shining golden colour. The female pedipalp is silver in colour in freshly preserved and living individuals. This is not evident after preservation in an ethanol solution.

Habitat ( Figure 10 ). Male and female Irura mandarina were observed on the internodes of the native bamboo grass, Dendrocalamus sp. (family Poaceae ) in a riverine area. A few individuals were seen on a similar bamboo grass in the human-dominated areas as well. Females were seen to be active during daylight hours, while males were found both day and night.

Figures

Figure 1. Landsat-based map of south and southeast Asia, with records of all species of Irura that have been described to date. White circles represent species known from a single locality. Records (20), (32) and (33) represent spiders identified from photographs published on iNaturalist and FLICKR.

Figure 10. Collection sites for Irura mandarina in Kudal Town, Sindhudurg, Maharashtra, India.