Epicadus tuberculatus ( Petrunkevitch, 1910 ) Prado & Baptista & Machado, 2018

Prado, André Wanderley Do, Baptista, Renner Luiz Cerqueira & Machado, Miguel, 2018, Taxonomic review of Epicadinus Simon, 1895 (Araneae: Thomisidae), Zootaxa 4459 (2), pp. 201-234 : 231

Epicadus tuberculatus ( Petrunkevitch, 1910) new combination

Fig. 14

Epicadinus tuberculatus Petrunkevitch, 1910: 216 , pl. 22, figs 20–22.

Tobias pustulosus Mello-Leitão, 1929: 86 , figs 183–184. Machado et al. 2015: 570, figs 12–24. New synonymy.

Epicadus pustulosus (Mello-Leitão) . Machado et al. 2017: 448.

Type material. Holotype of Epicadinus tuberculatus : Female immature, BRASIL, São Paulo: Juquiá, Fazenda Poço Grande , Moenkhaus ( PMNH, Coll. Mello-Leitão 901), lost.

Epicadinus tuberculatus was based on a holotype female from Poço Grande (Fazenda Poço Grande, Juquiá, São Paulo, Brazil). The description and illustration of the holotype shows a specimen of large size (longer than 10 mm) that lacks the diagnostic needle-shaped setae of Epicadinus , indicating that this species does not belong to the genus. The analysis of the photos of the holotype ( Figs 14A–D ), sent by the curator of the Peabody Museum of Natural History, allows us to recognize that the holotype is in fact an immature female with only the primordium of the epigynum. This species clearly belongs to a group of species that Machado et al. (2017) named “ pustulosus clade”, which is composed of spiders with cryptic bark-dweller habitus due to its dark and rough tegument, and by the presence of large pustular setiferous tubercles in femora I and II (composed of Epicadus caudatus (Mello- Leitão, 1929), Epicadus pustulosus ( Mello-Leitão, 1929) and Epicadus granulatus Banks, 1909 ). Epicadus caudatus , based on a female holotype from the city of Rio de Janeiro, has been recorded from the state of São Paulo ( Machado et al. 2015, Machado et al. 2018). Epicadus pustulosus , based on an immature female holotype from Fonteboa, Amazonas state, northern Brazil, reaches south to the state of São Paulo ( Machado et al. 2015, Machado et al. 2018). As stated in Machado et al. (2015, 2018), the difference in color of the pustular setiferous tubercles on the femora I and II allows an easy differentiation between Epicadus caudatus (orange/reddish) and Epicadus pustulosus (yellowish). The large, yellowish setiferous tubercles in the femora I and II, and also the tarsi I and II lighter than most leg articles of the holotype indicate that Epicadinus tuberculatus Petrunkevitch, 1910 is a senior synonym of Epicadus pustulosus ( Mello-Leitão, 1929) syn. nov. As Petrunkevich´s species has priority, the valid name is Epicadus tuberculatus (Petrunkevicth, 1910) comb. nov.

Figures

FIGURE 14. Epicadus pustulosus (Mello-Leitão, 1929), subadult female holotype [total length: 10.5 mm]. A–D habitus (A dorsal, B ventral, C frontal, D lateral). Photo credits: R. Pupedis and PMNH Laboratory of Arachnology crew.