Qiongthela sanya, Yu & Liu & Zhang & Wang & Li & Xu, 2020

Yu, Li, Liu, Fengxiang, Zhang, Zengtao, Wang, Yan, Li, Daiqin & Xu, Xin, 2020, Four new species of the primitively segmented spider genus Qiongthela from Hainan Island, China (Mesothelae, Liphistiidae), ZooKeys 911, pp. 51-66 : 51

Qiongthela sanya sp. nov. Figures 4 , 5

Type material.

Holotype: CHINA · 1 ♂; Hainan Province, Sanya City, Tianya District, Zhaka Village; 18.50°N, 109.41°E; alt. 240 m; 22 August 2017; D. Li, F.X. Liu and X. Xu leg.; XUX-2017-219. Paratypes: CHINA · 1 ♀; same data as for holotype; XUX-2017-218 · 1 ♀; Hainan Province, Sanya City, Heshangling; 18.35°N, 109.32°E; alt. 130 m; 1 August 2017; D. Li, F.X. Liu, Z.T. Zhang and X. Xu leg.; XUX-2017-025 · 1 ♂, 2 ♀♀; Hainan Province, Sanya City, Tianya District, Baoqian Village; 18.39°N, 109.42°E; alt. 195 m; 22 August 2017; D. Li, F.X. Liu and X. Xu leg.; XUX-2017-205 (♂ matured on 29 October 2017 at HNU), XUX-2017-202, 209 · 1 ♂, 10 ♀♀; Hainan Province, Sanya City, Tianya District, Nandao Farm, Sanmudong; 18.44°N, 109.40°E; alt. 200 m; 21 August 2019; D. Li, F.X. Liu, X. Xu and L. Yu leg.; XUX-2019-134 (♂ matured on 2 October 2019 at HNU), XUX-2019-136 to 137H · 9 ♀♀; Hainan Province, Sanya City, Tianya District, Nandao Farm, Haiyan Group; 18.45°N, 109.40°E; alt. 215 m; 22 August 2017; D. Li, F.X. Liu and X. Xu leg.; XUX-2017-214 to 217, XUX-2017-221, 222, XUX-2017-225 to 227 · 1 ♀; Hainan Province, Sanya City, Tianya District, between Hongxing Farm and Zhaka Village; 18.50°N, 109.41°E; alt. 235 m; 22 August 2017; D. Li, F.X. Liu and X. Xu leg.; XUX-2017-220 · 1 ♀; Hainan Province, Sanya City, Tianya District, Nandao Farm, Haiying Group; 18.43°N, 109.39°E; alt. 200 m; 21 August 2019; D. Li, F.X. Liu, X. Xu and L. Yu leg.; XUX-2019-131.

Diagnosis.

Males of Q. sanya sp. nov. can be distinguished from those of Q. baoting sp. nov. by the longer tegulum marginal apophysis with a non-translucent apex (Fig. 4A, D ), and by the conductor with a bent apex (Fig. 4C, E, F, G ); from those of the other Qiongthela species by the conductor base with a triangular apophysis ventrally (Fig. 4A-E ). Females of Q. sanya sp. nov. can be distinguished from Q. australis , Q. yini and Q. yinggezui sp. nov. by the inner receptacular clusters smaller than the lateral ones (Fig. 5A-H ); from those of the other Qiongthela species by the inner receptacular clusters along the anterior margin of the bursa copulatrix, the laterals located slightly on the dorsal wall of the bursa copulatrix, and by the trapezoidal bursa copulatrix (Fig. 5A-H ).

Description.

Male (holotype). In alcohol carapace reddish dark; opisthosoma brown, with 12 reddish dark tergites, close to each other, the first 2-7 larger than others, and the fourth largest; sternum narrow, nearly twice as long as wide; a few fine pointed hairs running over the ocular area; chelicerae with promargin of cheliceral groove containing 9 denticles of variable size; legs with firm hairs and spines; 7 spinnerets. Measurements: BL 13.40, CL 6.47, CW 5.87, OL 6.80, OW 5.20; ALE> PLE> PME> AME; leg I 22.06 (6.30 + 1.62 + 5.26 + 5.97 + 2.90), leg II 20.17 (5.16 + 1.50 + 4.81 + 5.77 + 2.94), leg III 22.02 (5.65 + 1.62 + 4.41 + 6.83 + 3.52), leg IV 28.13 (7.15 + 1.87 + 6.00 + 8.93 + 4.17).

Palp. Cymbium with a short projection dorsally (Fig. 4G ); prolateral side of paracymbium unpigmented and unsclerotised, with numerous setae at the tip (Fig. 4A-C ). Contrategulum with two distal edges: the inner one strongly dentate, and the outer one smooth, sharp, semi-translucent (Fig. 4A, D, F ). Tegulum with a long, pointed, distally directed marginal apophysis, the proximally directed terminal apophysis with a dentate margin and continuously narrowing to a rounded, hooked apex (Fig. 4A-E ). Conductor situated ventro-proximally on embolus, fused with embolus at the basal portion, distal free narrowing to a bent apex (Fig. 4B, C, E-G ); conductor base with a triangular apophysis ventrally (Fig. 4A-E ). Embolus largely sclerotised, with a wide, flat sperm duct opening distally, retrolaterally with numerous longitudinal ribs (Fig. 4B, C, E ).

Female (XUX-2017-215). In alcohol carapace reddish dark; opisthosoma dark brown, with 12 reddish dark tergites, close to each other, the first 2-7 larger than others, and the fourth largest; sternum narrow, much longer than wide; a few fine pointed hairs running over the ocular area; chelicerae with promargin of cheliceral groove containing 10 strong denticles of variable size; legs with firm hairs and spines; 7 spinnerets. Measurements: BL 25.50, CL 11.95, CW 10.97, OL 13.00, OW 10.75; ALE> PLE> PME> AME; palp 18.86 (6.35 + 2.20 + 4.73 + 5.58), leg I 23.55 (8.14 + 3.11 + 5.51 + 4.44 + 2.35), leg II 21.33 (7.25 + 2.68 + 4.87 + 4.25 + 2.28), leg III 22.43 (7.19 + 2.50 + 4.99 + 4.98 + 2.78), leg IV 34.17 (10.27 + 3.17 + 7.11 + 9.07 + 4.55).

Female genitalia. The inner receptacular clusters along the anterior margin of the bursa copulatrix, the lateral ones located slightly on the dorsal wall of the bursa copulatrix; the inner ones smaller than the lateral ones, with short or long genital stalks. The bursa copulatrix trapezoidal (Fig. 5A-H ).

Variation.

Males and females vary in body size. The range of measurements in males (N = 3): BL 13.40-15.01, CL 6.47-7.21, CW 5.87-6.53, OL 6.16-7.53, OW 4.47-5.20; females (N = 25): BL 15.41-27.74, CL 7.32-14.14, CW 6.23-11.59, OL 7.33-13.49, OW 5.70-11.84. In addition, female genitalia show intraspecific variation: the inner pair of the receptacular clusters along the anterior margin of the bursa copulatrix upward, with short or long genital stalks (Fig. 5A-E, G ), or clusters toward the dorsal margin (Fig. 5F, H ).

Etymology.

The species epithet, a noun in apposition, refers to the type locality.

Distribution.

Hainan (Sanya), China.

GenBank accession number.

Holotype (XUX-2017-219): MN911990.

Figures

Figure 4. Male genital anatomy of Qiongthela sanya sp. nov. A palp prolateral view B palp ventral view C palp retrolateral view D-G palp distal view. A-C, G XUX- 2017 - 219 (holotype) D-F XUX- 2019 - 134. Scale bars: 0.5 mm.

Figure 5. Female genital anatomy of Qiongthela sanya sp. nov. A, B, E, F vulva dorsal view C, D, G, H vulva ventral view. A, C XUX- 2017 - 215 B, D XUX- 2017 - 025 E, G XUX- 2017 - 226 F, H XUX- 2017 - 227. Scale bars: 0.5 mm.