Apterodela Rivalier, 1950

Matalin, Andrey V., Wiesner, Jürgen, Xiong, Xinxin & Araki, Takashi, 2024, Revision of the genus Apterodela Rivalier, 1950 (Coleoptera, Cicindelidae), Zootaxa 5405 (3), pp. 301-353 : 303

Genus Apterodela Rivalier, 1950

Apterodela Rivalier, 1950: 231 .

Type species: Cicindela ovipennis Bates, 1883 .

Cicindela (Apterodela) ( Rivalier, 1950) : Nakane 1976: 4, 1960: 19.

Cylindera (Apterodela) ( Rivalier, 1950) : Rivalier 1963: 47; Cassola & Nidek 1984: 14; Werner 1992: T. 42, 43; Wiesner 1992: 179; Lorenz 1998: 53; 2005: 165; Matalin 2001: 385; Puchkov & Matalin 2003: 108; Shook & Wiesner 2006: 13; Sasakawa 2008: 103; Sota et al. 2011: 717; Bousquet 2012: 285.

Apterodela Rivalier, 1950 : Nakane 1955: 26; Pearson et al. 2015: 174; Putchkov & Matalin 2017: 217; Duran & Gough 2019: 5, 2022: 294; Wiesner 2020: 266; Beaton et al. 2021: 59.

Redescription. Large-sized Cicindelina species, TL = 11.96–18.9 mm (mean = 15.7 mm, n = 202); females larger than males—TL = 13.2–18.9 mm (mean = 16.56 mm, n = 76) vs. 11.96–17.4 mm (mean = 15.17 mm, n = 126).

Top side dull metallic, bottom side dark with predominantly bluish tinge, as a rule glabrous, rarely with sparse pubescence.

Head glabrous, with large, protruding eyes; genae glabrous, shallowly striated; clypeus asetose, finely striated; frons, vertex, and occiput coarsely rugose; orbital plates with 5–11 furrows and two long setae in anterior and posterior positions ( Figs 35–48 , 51–60 ), rarely posterior setae doubled or tripled ( Figs 49, 50, 61, 62 ). Antennae projected posteriorly over basal quarter or third of elytra; antennomere 3 the longest; antennomeres 1–4 metalliccoloured, antennomeres 3 and 4 with series of short, white, stout setae except apical ones; antennomeres 5–11 black, finely, and regularly pubescent. Mandibles black with metallic green and golden-cupreous tinge on the teeth base and wide white latero-basal portion. Maxillary and labial palpi metallic green with golden-cupreous, bronze-cupreous, or purple reflections. Labrum unidentate ( Figs 63–82 , 85–87, 90–95, 98–100 ), virtually tridentate ( Figs 88, 89, 96, 101 ) or clearly three dentate ( Figs 83, 84, 97, 102 ), pale with narrow brown apical margin and 3–11 long submarginal setae, covered by isodiametric microsculpture.

Pronotum from slightly longitudinal or sub-quadrate ( Figs 103–135 , 168–140 )—PW/PL = 0.81–1.09 (mean = 0.99, n = 204) to clearly transverse ( Figs 136, 137, 141, 142 )—PW/PL = 1.1–1.22 (mean = 1.17, n = 34), coarsely wrinkled. Legs metallic, fore- and mid-trochanters with a single long apical seta; fore- and mid-coxae pubescent by short semierect white setae along anterior margin, hind coxae with 1–2, rarely with numerous setae in central part and a single apical seta; tarsomeres 1–3 of forelegs in males distinctly dilated; claws dark brown.

Elytra long, oval, narrower in males and wider in females, with numerous, dense-diffused, small metallic punctures as well as with lateral row of medium-sized setigerous pores and with rows of large metallic setigerous pores in humeral, sutural, and apical portions; shoulders from narrow and sloping ( Figs 153–179, 183–189 )—EW/ EHW = 1.41–1.86 (mean = 1.57, n = 204) to wide and rectangular ( Figs 180–182, 190–192 )—EW/EHW = 1.2–1.4 (mean = 1.28, n = 34); with ( Figs 155–162, 165–179, 183–189 , 193–212 ) or without ( Figs 153, 154, 163, 164 , 180–182, 190–192 ) subapical sinuate notch. White elytral pattern incomplete, in many cases extremely reduced, presented by a small apical portion of humeral lunule (sub-humeral spot), a basal portion of apical lunule (supra-apical spot), and a short apical ( Figs 155–162, 165–172–179, 183–189 , 193, 194, 197–201, 203–205, 207, 209–211 ), centro-apical ( Figs 153, 154, 163, 164 , 195, 196, 202, 206, 208, 212 ) or lateral ( Figs 182, 192 ) portion of middle band, rarely by virtually complete middle band ( Figs 180, 181, 190, 191 ).

Abdominal ventrites 3–5 with two pair setae, rarely with irregular row of 10–20 setae along anterior margin; anterior margin of sternite 6 in females with distinct notch and numerous short, stout brown setae.

Aedeagus with relatively thin, curved proximal portion and short apex; internal sac with large sh, ag, and mt as well as with long, thin fl; right dorso-lateral (DLR) and basal (B) humps undeveloped.

Figures

FIGURES 35–48. Apterodela (s. str.) bivirgulata ssp., head: 35–41—A. bivirgulata bivirgulata (35, 36—Chin-Kiang; 37— Ho-Chan; 38—Kiangsu; 39—Nanjing; 40, 41—Dao Shan Island); 42–48—A. bivirgulata occidentalis ssp. nov. (42—Kansu, Hweisin; 43, 44—Shanxi, Zhong-Tiao-Shan; 45, 46—Inner Mongolia, Hua-Shu-Ye; 47, 48—Sichuan, Daheishan); 35, 38, 40, 43, 45, 47—males; 36, 37, 39, 41, 42, 44, 46, 48—females; 42—holotype; 43–48—paratypes.

FIGURES 49–62. Apterodela spp., head: 49, 50—A. (s. str.) ovipennis (49—Japan, Honsu, Mooka; 50—Japan, Itoigawa city, Agero); 51–53—A. (s. str.) lobipennis (51—China, Jiangxi, Kiu Kiang; 52—China, Hubei, Chang Yang; 53—China, Hubei, Dabie Shan); 54, 55—A. (s. str.) kazantsevi (54—China, Jiangxi, Jinggangshan; 55—China, Jiangxi, Wufugang); 56—A. (s. str.) latissima sp. nov. (China, Yunnan, Xishangbana); 57, 58—A. (s. str.) alopecomma sp. nov. (57—China, Sichuan, Qingcheng Hou Shan; 58—China, Sichuan, Guan Xian); 59, 60—A. (Protoapterodela) shirakii (China, Taiwan, Alishan); 61, 62— A. (Protoapterodela) unipunctata (USA, TN, Great Smoky Mts N.P.); 49, 52, 54, 56, 57, 59, 61—males; 50, 51, 53, 55, 58, 60, 62—females; 51—neotype; 54, 56, 57—holotypes; 58—paratype.

FIGURES 63–82. Apterodela (s. str.) bivirgulata ssp., labrum: 63–72—A. (s. str.) bivirgulata bivirgulata (63—China, Kiangsu [= Jiangsu]; 64, 69—China, Jiangsu, Chin-Kiang; 65, 66, 70, 71—China, Jiangsu, Nanjing; 67, 72—China, Zhejiang, Dao Shan Island; 68—China, Shandong, Ho-Chan); 73–82—A. (s. str.) bivirgulata occidentalis ssp. nov. (73, 78—China, Gansu, Hweisin; 74—China, Gansu, Hoei-Sienn; 75, 80—China, Shanxi, Zhong-Tiao-Shan; 76, 81—China, Inner Mongolia, Hua-Shu- Ye; 79—China, Gansu, Wangziguan; 77, 82—China, Sichuan, Daheishan); 63–67, 73–77—males; 68–72, 78–82—females; 78—holotype; 73–77, 79–82—paratypes.

FIGURES 83–102. Apterodela spp., labrum: 83, 84, 88, 89—A. (s. str.) ovipennis (83, 88—Japan, Itoigawa city, Agero; 84, 89—Japan, Honsu, Mooka); 85–87, 90–92—A. (s. str.) lobipennis (85—China, Hubei, Chang Yang; 86—China, Hubei, Ichang; 87, 92—China, Hubei, Enshi; 90—China, Jiangxi, Kiu Kiang; 91—China, Hubei, Dabie Shan); 93, 98—A. (s. str.) kazantsevi (93—China, Jiangxi, Jinggangshan; 98—China, Jiangxi, Wufugang); 94, 99—A. (s. str.) latissima sp. nov. (China, Yunnan, Xishangbana); 95, 100—A. (s. str.) alopecomma sp. nov. (95—China, Sichuan, Qingcheng Hou Shan; 100—China, Sichuan, Guan Xian); 96, 101—A. (Protoapterodela) shirakii (China, Taiwan, Alishan); 97, 102—A. (Protoapterodela) unipunctata (USA, TN, Great Smoky Mts N.P.); 83–87, 93–97, 99—males; 88–92, 98, 100–102—females; 90—neotype; 93–95—holotypes; 99, 100—paratypes.

FIGURES 103–122. Apterodela (s. str.) bivirgulata ssp., pronotum: 103–112—A. (s. str.) bivirgulata bivirgulata (103—China, Ngan-Hoeï; 104, 105, 109—China, Jiangsu, Chin-Kiang; 106—China, Kiangsu [= Jiangsu]; 107, 112—China, Zhejiang, Dao Shan Island; 108—China, Shandong, Ho-Chan; 110—China, Henan, Hui-Xian; 111—China, Jiangsu, Nanjing); 113–122—A. (s. str.) bivirgulata occidentalis ssp. nov. (113—China, Gansu, Hoei-Sienn; 114, 118, 119—China, Gansu, Hweisin; 115, 120— China, Shanxi, Zhong-Tiao-Shan; 116, 121—China, Inner Mongolia, Hua-Shu-Ye; 117, 122—China, Sichuan, Daheishan); 103–107, 113–117—males; 108–112, 118–122—females; 103, 118—holotypes; 113–117, 119–122—paratypes.

FIGURES 123–142. Apterodela spp., pronotum: 123, 128,—A. (s. str.) ovipennis (123—Japan, Honsu, Mooka; 128—Japan, Itoigawa city, Agero); 124–127, 129–132—A. (s. str.) lobipennis (124—China, Hubei, Chang Yang; 125—China, Hubei, Ichang; 126—China, Kiang-Si [= Jiangxi]; 127, 132—China, Hubei, Enshi; 129—China, Jiangxi, Kiu Kiang; 130—China, Hubei, Dabie Shan; 131—China, Kiang-Si [= Jiangxi], Yao-chow); 133, 138—A. (s. str.) kazantsevi (133—China, Jiangxi, Jinggangshan; 138—China, Jiangxi, Wufugang); 134, 139—A. latissima sp. nov. (China, Yunnan, Xishangbana); 135, 140— A. (s. str.) alopecomma sp. nov. (135—China, Sichuan, Qingcheng Hou Shan; 140— China, Sichuan, Guan Xian); 136, 141—A. (Protopterodela) shirakii (China, Taiwan, Alishan); 137, 142—A. (Protoapterodela) unipunctata (USA, TN, Great Smoky Mts N.P.); 123–127, 133–137, 139—males; 128–132, 138, 140–142—females; 133–135—holotypes; 139, 140—paratypes.

FIGURES 153–172. Apterodela (s. str.) spp., left elytron: 153, 154, 163, 164—A. (s. str.) ovipennis (153, 163—Japan, Sado; 154, 164—Japan, Honsu, Mooka); 155–162, 165–172—A. (s. str.) bivirgulata bivirgulata (155—China, Ngan-Hoeï; 156, 157, 166, 167—China, Jiangsu, Chin-Kiang; 158—China, Kiangsu [= Jiangsu]; 159, 169, 170 China, Jiangsu, Nanjing; 160—China, Jiangxi, Lushan; 161—China, Hubei, Wuhan; 162, 172—China, Zhejiang, Dao Shan Island; 165—China, Shandong, Ho-Chan; 168—China, Henan, Hui-Xian; 171—China, Jiangsu, Hushukuan); 153–162—males; 163–172—females; 153—lectotype; 155—holotype; 163—paralectotype.

FIGURES 173–192. Apterodela spp., left elytron: 173–179, 183–189—A. (s. str.) bivirgulata occidentalis ssp. nov. (173— China, Kansu, eastern part of Kuku nor; 183, 184—China, Gansu, Hweisin; 174, 175, 185—China, Gansu, Hoei-Sienn; 176 – China, Henan, Donghe-cun; 177, 187—China, Shanxi, Zhong-Tiao-Shan; 178, 188—China, Inner Mongolia, Hua-Shu-Ye; 186—China, Gansu, Wangziguan; 179, 189—China, Sichuan, Daheishan); 180, 181, 190, 191—A. (Protoapterodela) shirakii (180—China,Taiwan,Tattka;190—China,Taiwan,Roeichi;181, 191—China,Taiwan,Alishan);182,192—A.(Protoapterodela) unipunctata (USA, TN, Great Smoky Mts N.P.); 173–182—males; 183–192—females; 183— holotypes; 173–175, 178, 179, 184–189—paratypes; 180—lectotype; 190—paralectotype.

FIGURES 193–212. Apterodela (s. str.) spp., left elytron:193–198, 203–210—A. (s. str.) lobipennis (193—China, Hubei, Chang Yang; 194, 206—China, Hubei, Ichang; 195–197, 207, 208—China, Hubei, Enshi; 198—China, Kiang-Si [= Jiangxi], Yaochow; 203–205—China, Jiangxi, Kiu Kiang; 209—China, Hubei, Dabie Shan; 210—China, Zhejiang, Dapanshan); 199, 200— A. (s. str.) latissima sp. nov. (China, Yunnan, Xishangbana); 201, 211—A. (s. str.) kazantsevi (China, Jiangxi, Jinggangshan); 202, 212—A. (s. str.) alopecomma sp. nov. (202—China, Sichuan, Qingcheng Hou Shan; 212—China, Sichuan, Guan Xian); 193–202—males; 203–212—females; 199, 201, 202—holotypes; 200, 212—paratypes; 203—neotype.