Frankliniella
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publication ID |
https://doi.org/ 10.5281/zenodo.246160 |
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DOI |
https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6172277 |
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persistent identifier |
https://treatment.plazi.org/id/576387B4-FFF4-7919-FF5C-FF75FA31FE48 |
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treatment provided by |
Plazi |
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scientific name |
Frankliniella |
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Key to females of Frankliniella View in CoL species recorded from Brazil
(excluding fusca, difficilis and minor q.v.)
1. Abdomen mainly yellow but with segments VIII–X sharply dark brown; abdominal tergites V–VII with brown markings medially ( Fig. 78 View FIGURES 77 – 86 )................................................................................ bicolor
-. Abdomen variable, either yellow, brown or with median tergites bicoloured, but never with segments VIII–X sharply darker than basal abdominal segments ( Figs 1–6 View FIGURES 1 – 6 ).................................................................. 2
2. Head with ocellar setae pair I absent; pronotum with only 2 pairs of posteromarginal setae...................... speciosa View in CoL
-. Head with ocellar setae I present; prono tum with 5 (rarely 3) pairs of posteromarginal setae ( Figs 22–30 View FIGURES 22 – 30 )............... 3
3. Abdomen largely brown ( Figs 13, 17–18 View FIGURES 13 – 21 ).................................................................. 4
-. Abdomen largely yellow, sometimes tergite X darker or tergites with brown areas medially ( Figs 3 View FIGURES 1 – 6 , 8 View FIGURES 7 – 12 , 14 View FIGURES 13 – 21 ).............. 29
4. Ocellar setae pair III short, scarcely 1.5 times as long as diameter of an ocellus; pronotal am and aa setae usually much less than 0.5 as long as pronotal pa setae ( Figs 24, 27 View FIGURES 22 – 30 )............................................................ 5
-. Ocellar setae pair III long, usually at least 2.5 times as long as diameter of an ocellus; pronotal am and aa setae usually about 0.7 as long as pa setae ( Figs 36–38 View FIGURES 31 – 42 )...................................................................... 11
5. Mid and hind tibiae uniformly dark brown ( Fig. 10 View FIGURES 7 – 12 ).......................................................... 6
-. Mid and hind tibiae with pale areas, never uniformly dark brown ( Fig. 12 View FIGURES 7 – 12 )........................................ 7
6. Pronotal posteromarginal setae pair IV almost as long as pair II (Fig. 57); metanotal campaniform sensilla absent; ocellar setae pair III just outside ocellar triangle (Fig. 48)........................................................... minuta
-. Pronotal posteromarginal setae pair IV no longer than pairs III and V ( Fig. 39 View FIGURES 31 – 42 ); metanotal campaniform sensilla present; ocellar setae III between anterior margins of posterior ocelli............................................... serrata View in CoL
7. Tergite X 1.4–1.7 times as long as IX ( Fig. 102 View FIGURES 99 – 109 )........................................................ oxyura
-. Tergites IX and X subequal in length, or X shorter than IX ( Fig. 100 View FIGURES 99 – 109 )............................................. 8
8. Postocular setal pairs I and III both missing; ocellar setae pair III arise between posterior ocelli ( Fig. 35 View FIGURES 31 – 42 ); thorax paler than abdomen..................................................................................... nakaharai
-. Postocular setae pairs I and III usually both present ( Fig. 27 View FIGURES 22 – 30 ); ocellar setae pair III arise anterior to tangent between anterior margins of posterior ocelli; thorax not paler than abdomen..................................................... 9
9. Metanotum with equiangular reticulation medially, campaniform sensilla absent ( Fig. 69 View FIGURES 65 – 76 )........................ konoi
-. Metanotum with narrow linear reticulation medially, campaniform sensilla present (Fig. 62)......................... 10
10. Pronotal am setae scarcely longer than discal setae; fore wings shaded......................................... curta
-. Pronotal am setae almost twice as long as discal setae; fore wings pale ( Fig. 159 View FIGURES 155 – 164 )........................... fuscicornis
11. Abdominal tergite VIII posterior margin with no comb or with only few short teeth laterally ( Figs 93 View FIGURES 87 – 98 , 104 View FIGURES 99 – 109 )............. 12
-. Abdominal tergite VIII posterior margin with microtrichial comb, sometimes with 2 or 3 teeth missing medially ( Figs 87–92 View FIGURES 87 – 98 )................................................................................................... 13
12. Ocellar setae III arising on anterior margins of ocellar triangle (Fig. 45); hind tibiae almost clear yellow, contrasting with the dark brown hind femora ( Fig. 113 View FIGURES 110 – 115 ); metanotal campaniform sensilla present (Fig. 64).................... fulvipes [in part]
-. Ocellar setae pair III arising between posterior ocelli (Fig. 51); hind tibiae not sharply paler than femora; metanotal campaniform sensilla absent ( Fig. 74 View FIGURES 65 – 76 )........................................................ schultzei View in CoL [in part]
13. Compound eyes with 3 or 4 anterolateral facets much larger than surrounding facets (Fig. 46)........................ 14
-. Compound eyes with all facets subequal in diameter, although some ventral ommatidia may be enlarged (Figs 50–54)..... 15
14. Fore wings uniformly brown; enlarged facets about 2.0 times longer than normal ones (Fig. 46); pm setae pair II more than 3.0 times as long as pair I ( Fig. 30 View FIGURES 22 – 30 )................................................................... fulvipennis View in CoL
-. Fore wings largely brown but basal third sharply paler; enlarged facets about 3.0 times longer than normal ones; pm setae pair II scarcely longer than pair I..................................................................... longipennis
15. Antennal segment III pedicel elongate, twice as long as sub-basal ring ( Figs 138 View FIGURES 133 – 154 ).............................. parvula View in CoL
-. Antennal segment III pedicel short, less than 1.5 times the diameter of sub-basal ring ( Figs 128 View FIGURES 116 – 132 , 150 View FIGURES 133 – 154 ).................. 16
16. Antennal segment III with cup-shaped pedicel ( Fig. 148 View FIGURES 133 – 154 ).............................................. brevicaulis
-. Antennal segment III pedicel different.................................................................... 17
17. Hind tibiae mainly yellow but with brown area medially and postocular setae pair I absent............... fulvipes [in part]
-. Hind tibiae usually extensively brown, or sharply bicoloured with basal third sharply yellow ( Figs 112, 114–115 View FIGURES 110 – 115 ); if hind tibiae largelly yellow then postocular setae pair I present (Fig. 44)................................................... 18
18. Postocular setae pairs I and III absent ( Fig. 38 View FIGURES 31 – 42 ); frequently apterous; male with strongly curved pore plates on sternites III–VIII.............................................................................................. platensis View in CoL
-. Postocular setae pair III present, pair I usually present ( Fig. 23 View FIGURES 22 – 30 ); male pore plates different ( Figs 83–86 View FIGURES 77 – 86 )................ 19
19. Abdominal sternite III with pair of small pore plates near antecostal ridge (occasionally one pore plate missing) ( Fig. 77 View FIGURES 77 – 86 ) antennal segment VIII unusually long, about 4 times as long as wide ( Fig. 117 View FIGURES 116 – 132 )............................... australis View in CoL
-. Abdominal sternite III with no pore plates; antennal segment VIII less elongate ( Fig. 118 View FIGURES 116 – 132 ).......................... 20
20. Fore wings almost uniform in colour, either dark or pale ( Figs 161–164 View FIGURES 155 – 164 )......................................... 21
-. Fore wings extensively brown but sharply pale basal to the veinal fork ( Figs 155–156 View FIGURES 155 – 164 ).............................. 25
21. Forewing almost uniformly pale or weakly shaded ( Fig. 163 View FIGURES 155 – 164 )................................... occidentalis View in CoL [in part]
-. Forewing almost uniformly brown ( Fig. 164 View FIGURES 155 – 164 )............................................................... 22
22. Pedicel of antennal segment III simple, without a distinct swelling but occasionally slightly dilated near apex ( Figs 143–145 View FIGURES 133 – 154 ).................................................................................................... 23
-. Pedicel of antennal segment III with a distinct swelling ( Figs 149–152 View FIGURES 133 – 154 ).......................................... 24
23. Metanotum distinctly reticulate anteromedially ( Fig. 75 View FIGURES 65 – 76 ); antennal segment III distinctively paler than IV ( Fig. 143 View FIGURES 133 – 154 ); abdominal tergite IX setae S1 less than 0.7 as long as setae S2............................................. simplex View in CoL
-. Metanotal sculpture weak or absent medially (Fig. 61); antennal segment III concolorous with IV ( Fig. 120 View FIGURES 116 – 132 ); abdominal tergite IX setae S1 sub-equal in length to setae S2........................................................... brunnea View in CoL
24. Antennal segment III pedicel with a sharp ring-like swelling ( Fig. 149 View FIGURES 133 – 154 ); pronotal posteromarginal setae pair II more than 0.5 as long as posteroangular setae (Fig. 55)............................................................... caseariae
-. Swollen pedicel not sharply ring-like ( Fig. 139 View FIGURES 133 – 154 ); pronotal posteromarginal setae pair II about 0.4 as long as posteroangular setae ( Fig. 37 View FIGURES 31 – 42 )................................................................................. peruviana View in CoL
25. Hind tibiae sharply bicoloured, brown with basal third sharply yellow ( Fig. 112 View FIGURES 110 – 115 )................................... 26
-. Hind tibiae almost uniformly brown, scarcely paler at apex ( Fig. 114 View FIGURES 110 – 115 )........................................... 27
26. Mid-tibiae brown with base briefly yellow ( Fig. 110 View FIGURES 110 – 115 ).................................................. annulipes View in CoL
-. Mid-tibiae almost clear yellow, sometimes with brown markings medially ( Fig. 111 View FIGURES 110 – 115 )........................... varipes View in CoL
27. Postocular setae pair IV small, no longer than the diameter of a posterior ocellus ( Fig. 33 View FIGURES 31 – 42 ); metanotal campaniform sensilla absent ( Fig. 67 View FIGURES 65 – 76 ).............................................................................. hemerocallis View in CoL
-. Postocular setae pair IV prominent, at least 1.5 times as long as diameter of an ocellus (Fig. 52); metanotal campaniform sensilla present ( Fig. 68 View FIGURES 65 – 76 )............................................................................... 28
28. Abdominal tergite VIII with posteromarginal comb complete, all microtrichia equally long and slender; fore tibiae concolorous with fore femora; postocular setae pair I absent and pair IV as long as width of a compound eye; pronotal am setae 1.3 times as long as distance between compound eyes (Fig. 52)...................................................... setipes
-. Abdominal tergite VIII with posteromarginal comb often with 2 or 3 teeth missing medially, microtrichia irregular in form with broad bases ( Fig. 98 View FIGURES 87 – 98 ); fore tibiae sharply paler than fore femora ( Fig. 34 View FIGURES 31 – 42 ); postocular setae pair I present and pair IV shorter than width of a compound eye; pronotal am setae scarcely 1.0 times as long as distance between compound eyes.... insularis View in CoL
29. Apterous or micropterous; abdominal tergites with 4 pairs of long and equidistant setae in addition to the posteroangular pair ( Fig. 82 View FIGURES 77 – 86 )................................................................................... trinidadensis
-. Macropterous; median pairs of tergal setae much shorter than lateral pairs........................................ 30
30. Pedicel of antennal segment III with distinct swelling or disc ( Fig. 154 View FIGURES 133 – 154 ).......................................... 31
-. Pedicel of antennal segment III without a swelling.......................................................... 34
31. Tergite VIII with comb present only laterally............................................................ tritici View in CoL
-. Tergite VIII with complete comb of long microtrichia ( Fig. 94 View FIGURES 87 – 98 )................................................ 32
32. Abdomen mainly yellow but with segments X and posterior margin of IX dark brown; antennal segment II mostly dark brown ( Fig. 122 View FIGURES 116 – 132 )........................................................................................ condei
-. Abdomen uniformly yellow ( Fig. 80 View FIGURES 77 – 86 ); antennal segment II paler................................................ 33
33. Antennal segment III pedicel with ring about 2.0 times as wide as basal stem; pedicel immediately above this ring smoothly concave ( Fig. 152 View FIGURES 133 – 154 )............................................................................ musaeperda View in CoL
-. Antennal segment III pedicel with ring scarcely 1.5 times as wide as basal stem; pedicel immediately above this ring irregularly concave with minute tubercle ( Fig. 151 View FIGURES 133 – 154 ).................................................... gardeniae
34. Pronotal aa (and usually am) setae scarcely longer than discal setae ( Figs 24 View FIGURES 22 – 30 , 31 View FIGURES 31 – 42 ).................................. 35
-. Pronotal aa and am setae clearly distinct from discal setae, at least 0.3 as long as pa setae............................ 37
35. Abdomen largely yellow but tergite X brown in apical 2/3 ( Fig. 96 View FIGURES 87 – 98 ); ocellar setae III more than 2.5 times as long as width of an ocellus; metanotal campaniform sensilla absent................................................... graminis View in CoL sp.n.
-. Abdomen colour different, tergites usually uniformly yellow or with brown markings medially; ocellar setae III length less than 1.5 times width of an ocellus; metanotal campaniform sensilla present....................................... 36
36. Antennal segment VI pedicellate ( Fig. 124 View FIGURES 116 – 132 ); pronotal inner pa setae distinctively shorter than outer pair........... desantisi
-. Antennal segment VI not pedicellate, base rounded; pronotal inner pa setae longer than outer pair................. bertelsi
37. Ocellar setae pair III arising between posterior ocelli (Fig. 51); tergite VIII with no posteromarginal comb of microtrichia, sometimes with few scarcely developed teeth laterally ( Fig. 104 View FIGURES 99 – 109 );.................................. schultzei View in CoL [in part]
-. Ocellar setae III usually further forward (Fig. 54); tergite VIII with posteromarginal comb well-developed, at least laterally ( Fig. 95 View FIGURES 87 – 98 )............................................................................................ 38
38. Posteromarginal comb on tergite VIII with only few weak lobes medially but with some lateral microtrichia; campaniform sensilla on metanotum absent; postocular setae pair I usually absent; head distinctly prolonged in front of eyes...... bondari View in CoL
-. Posteromarginal comb on tergite VIII fully developed; if postocular setae pair I absent then metanotal campaniform sensilla present; head sometimes weakly prolonged in front of eyes................................................... 39
39. Ocellar setae III about 1.5 times as long as width of an ocellus; pronotal am setae scarcely 0.5 times as long as aa setae................................................................................................. distinguenda
-. Ocellar setae III more than 2.0 times as long as width of an ocellus; pronotal am setae longer, usually more than 0.7 times as long as aa setae...................................................................................... 40
40. Abdominal sternite II with 1 or 2 discal setae ( Fig. 86 View FIGURES 77 – 86 )....................................................... 41
-. Abdominal sternite II with no discal setae................................................................. 42
41. Abdominal tergite IX setae S1 more than 110 microns long; S2 more than 130 microns long; usually associated with grasses.............................................................................................. williamsi View in CoL
-. Abdominal tergite IX S1 and S2 setae shorter, usually less than 100 microns long; associated with various dicotyledonous flowers...................................................................................... gossypiana View in CoL
42. Abdominal tergites usually with brown area medially ( Fig. 14 View FIGURES 13 – 21 ); tergite VIII posteromarginal comb with microtrichia irregular,
arising from triangular bases ( Fig. 101 View FIGURES 99 – 109 ); po setae pair IV longer than distance between hind ocelli ( Fig. 36 View FIGURES 31 – 42 )................................................................................................... occidentalis View in CoL [in part] -. Abdominal tergites clear yellow; tergite VIII posteromarginal comb with slender microtrichia of uniform length ( Fig. 95 View FIGURES 87 – 98 ); po setae pair IV shorter than distance between hind ocelli ( Fig. 32 View FIGURES 31 – 42 )................................................ 43
43. Antennal segment VIII about 3.0 times as long as wide ( Fig. 126 View FIGURES 116 – 132 ); head slightly prolonged in front of eyes ( Fig. 29 View FIGURES 22 – 30 ); associated with grasses.................................................................................... frumenti View in CoL
-. Antennal segment VIII not more than 2.5 times as long as wide; head not prolonged in front of eyes; associated with dicotyledonous plants................................................................................. 44
44. Postocular setae pair I present ( Fig. 32 View FIGURES 31 – 42 )............................................................... gemina View in CoL
-. Postocular setae pair I absent (Fig. 54)............................................................... zucchini
No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.
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