Semenovia malcolmii (Hemsl. & H. Pears.) Pimenov (2013: 660)

Xiao, Qun-Ying, Hu, Hao-Yu, Tong, Fen, Li, Min-Jie & He, Xing-Jin, 2017, Semenovia torilifolia is conspecific with S. malcolmii (Apiaceae) based on morphology and molecular data, Phytotaxa 321 (3), pp. 225-237 : 225-237

Semenovia malcolmii (Hemsl. & H. Pears.) Pimenov (2013: 660)

Basionym:— Peucedanum malcolmii Hemsley & Pearson (1902: 179) .

Type:— China. Xizang: Nyima county or Shuanghu county, “North Tibet, Asmal”, 85°– 95° E, 35°– 37° N, Hedin s.n. (lectotype: K 000685422, designated by Pimenov in 2013: 661).

Taxonomic synonym:— Peucedanum torilifolium Boissieu (1903: 852) syn. nov., Semenovia torilifolia (Boiss.) Pimenov (2013: 660) syn. nov. Type:— China. Sichuan: Kangding, “Thibet orient, Ta-Tsien-Lou, principaute du Kia-La, Tongolo: forêt Takuroyu”, 23 August 1893, Soulié 632 (holotype: P 00753009).

Heracleum millefolium Diels (1906: 65) syn. nov., Semenovia millefolia (Diels) Vinogradova & Kamelin (1986: 96) syn. nov. Type:— China. Xizang: Qumarlêb County, “ Tibet bor. orient.: Ri tzü”, 29 August 1904, Filchner 106 (the herbarium was specified, prosumed to be lost).

Heracleum millefolium var. longilobum Norman (1933: 25) syn. nov., Heracleum longilobum (Norman) Sheh & Wang (1992: 209) syn. nov. Type:— China. Gansu: Lintan County, “Central Kansu, Lien hoa shan, among rocks between Tao Chow and Titao”, alt. 11500 ft, 14–20 July 1925 Rock 12734 (lectotype: E00346859, designated by Pimenov in 2017: 209).

Heracleum smithii Fedde ex Wolff (1934: 79) syn. nov. Type:— China. Sichuan: Songpan County, “Sung-pan”, alt. ca 3200 m, 7 July 1922 Smith 2250 (holotype: UPS).

Semenovia montana Kamelin & Vinogradova (1986: 97) . Type:— China. Sichuan: “Austro-Occidentalis, prov. Kam, pars orientalis, vallis fl. Fu-Ban-cho, inter vicos Mardan et Ljanchokou”, 7 August 1893, Potanin (holotype: LE).

Heracleum millefolium Diels var. glabrum J.Q. Liu ex Pan (1999: 391) syn. nov. Type:— China. Qinghai: Gande County, “Gade, ad ripas fluviorum”, alt. 4000 m, 9 August 1993, Bartholomew & Gilbert 986 (holotype: HNWP!).

Description:— Polycarpic perennial, 7.5–50 cm high, with unbranched to much-branched overground or emergent caudex, having short branches; fusiform taproot (11–30 × 0.4–1.3 cm). Stem 1–5, simple or sparingly branched, terete, 0.8–1.8 mm in diameter, covering with soft densely arranged residual fibrous leaf sheaths at the base. Radical leaves rosulate, numerous, densely or sparsely hairs on both sides; sheaths (ovate, ovate-lanceolate or lanceolate) straw-yellow, yellow-brown or purple; petioles 1–15 cm; blades narrowly oblong or lanceolate, 1.4–16 × 0.5–5 cm, 2–3-pinnatisect; primary pinnae 4–9 pairs, terminal leaf lobes 0.7–5.7 × 0.4–1.2 mm, narrowly linear, lanceolate to ovate-linear. Low cauline leaves similar to radical leaves but smaller; middle cauline gradually reduced, sessile. Umbels 1–4 cm in diameter at flowering; bracts 4–8, narrowly ovate to linear, apex acute (sometimes 2-lobed), 2– 8 mm, puberulent; rays 4–12, unequal, 0.5–3.5 cm; bracteoles 4–8, oblong-lanceolate, lanceolate-linear to linear, sometimes 2-lobed at apex, 3–9 mm, puberulent. Calyx teeth prominent, triangular to lanceolate. Petals adaxially white or pinkish-white, abaxially yellowish-white, rose, purplish-white or purplish-red, covered with sparse hairs; the outer slightly radiate to radiate (1.2–6 × 1–5 mm), obovate to broadly obovate in outline, cuneate at the base, with slightly to deeply emarginate tip, with narrow inflexed lobule with 3–10 secretory ducts; internal petals 1.2–2 × 0.6–0.7 mm, lanceolate, slightly emarginate, at the tip with lobule bent inwards, with a solitary secretory duct and pubescent central nerve. Stylopodium conic; styles 1.2–2.5 mm long, reflexed. Fruits long-oblong, obovate, ovoid to subround, 3.7–6.5 × 2.6–4.8 mm, puberulent, dorsally compressed; dorsal ribs slightly raised, marginal ribs narrowly winged, slightly inflated in distal parts; mericarp vittae filiform, 1(rarely 0 or 2) in each furrow, usually 2 (rarely to 4) or absent on the commissure, extending to 1/4–3/4 length of mericarp.

Phenology:— Flowering in June to Septerber; Fruiting in July to October.

Distribution and Habitat:— S. malcolmii is widely distributed in the Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau and its adjacent regions, which occurs in southwest Sichuan, northwest Yunnan (Zhongdian), Gansu, Qinghai, northwest Xinjiang (Ruoqiang), Xizang. It inhabits an impressive range of habitats, including sparse forests, forest margins, crop margins, alpine scrub, grassy slopes, valleys, meadows, riparian grasslands, screes, rock crevices and sandy places, at altitudes of 2700–5050 m.

Notes: In the protologue of H. millefolium , a single collection (Filchner 106) was cited and not indicated herbarium in which the type is deposited. Examining main herbaria, we didn’t see the type of H. millefolium . In last studies, they also didn’t offer storage herbarium for the type ( Ukrainskaja et al. 2013, Pimenov 2017). It has been generally believed that the types of H. millefolium were lost.

Additional Specimens Examined:

China. Gansu: Central Kansu: Lien hoa shan, between Taochow and Titao, 3048 m, July 1925, J. F. Rock 12674 ( K) ; Lien hoa shan, among rooks between tao-chow and Titao , July 1925, J.F. Rock 12674 ( NAS) ; Lien hoa shan, between Taochow and Titao , 3505 m, 14 July 1925, J. F. Rock 12734 ( K) ; Lien hoa shan, among rocks between Tao chow and Titao , 11500 ft., 20 July 1925, J. F. Rock 12734 ( GH, NY) ; Lien hoa shan, among rocks between Tao chow and Titao , 11500 ft., 14 July 1925, Rock, Joseph Francis Charles 12734 ( E) ; Lien hoa shan, entre Tao-chow et Titao , 11500 ft., 14 July 1925, J.F. Rock 12734 ( P) ; Lien hoa shan, banks of streams and Tao River , June 1925, J.F. Rock 12222 ( PE) ; Lien hoa shan, the main peak, 3350 m, 4 August 2000, Xue-Gang Sun 2132 ( PE). Hezuo city: Western hill, 17 August 2008, LJQ-GN-048 ( HNWP!). Luqu County: Gahai, 18 July 1996, Guo-Liang Zhang & Ji-Zhou Sun ( LZU). Maqu County : Guoyinghe, 30 June 1964, Ge-Lin Zhu etc . ( NWUB) ; Guoyinghequ grassland, 30 June 1964, Gannan Prairie Investigation Group ( NWUB) ; The suburb of Maqu county , 15August 1973, Ge-Lin Zhu etc . ( NWUB) ; Oula village, Lamudu , 12 July 1964, Gannan Prairie Investigation Group ( NWUB). Minle County: Shandanbiandukou, 25 July 1991, Yan-Nong He 2736 ( PE). Minxian County : Lvgoulangdutan, 1 July 1978, Prairie Investigation Group ( NWUB) ; Lvjingmabaozi, 9 August 1978, Jing-Quan Wang ( NWUB). Subei Mongolian autonomous county: Tinghe , 7 August 1956, Guobenzhao 3388 ( NAS) ; Sunan Yugu Autonomous County: Qiqing Gongshe, Yemaquantan , Nannitan , 3690–4000 m, 7 August 1983, 1019 ( HNWP!). Tianzhu Tibetan Autonomous County : Haxishuanglonggou, 3600–3900 m, 20 July 1991, Yan-Nong He 2544 ( HNWP!). Xiahe County : Between Xiahe and Ganjia, 11 August 1937, Ge-Lin Zhu etc . ( NWUB) ; Gannanxiahe , 11 August 1937, Ge-Lin Zhu etc . ( NWUB) ; Laboleng , 17 July 1937, T.P. Fang 7221 ( PE, WUK) ; Laboleng , 3150 m, 17 July 1937, K.T. Fu 1250 ( WUK) ; Sangke , 13 August 1937, Ge-Lin Zhu etc . ( NWUB) ; Sangke Gongshe, Shejuhugou , 7 September 1982, Qing-Rui Wang & Min-Sheng Yan ( NWUB) .

Qinghai: Between Tuotuo river and Wudaoliang , 4600 m, 15 September 1990, Yong Fei, Hang Sun etc . 770 ( KUN!) ; Kekexili, North of Chumaerhe , 4200 m, 12 August 1990, Ke GUO K-215 ( PE) ; Kekexili , 4700 m, 13 August 1990, Su-Gong Wu, Rong-Fu Huang & Yong-Ping Yang K-1028 ( HNWP!) ; Kekexili , 4800 m, 25 July 1990, Su-Gong Wu, Rong-Fu Huang & Yong-Ping Yang K-870 ( HNWP!) ; North of Wuxuefeng , 4700 m, 5 August 1990, Rong-Fu Huang K-392 ( HNWP!) ; Upstream of Chumahe , 4650 m, 12 August 1990, Rong-Fu Huang K-489 ( HNWP!) ; Mugetan, 3300 m, 29 July 1967, 107 ( HNWP!). Xining city: Western suburbs, Yangjiazhai, 19 June 1986, Yu-Hu Wu et al. 2173 ( HNWP!). Chindu County: Near Chindu County , 3810 m, Shang-Wu Liu 2248 ( HNWP!). Darlag County : Near Jimai town , 1 August 1980, Da-Shang Luo & Zhen-Chang Zuo 801171 ( NAS) ; Wosai Xiang, 4080 m, 8 August 1993, H.B. G. 881 ( PE). Dulan County: Xiari , 3900 m, 7 August 1959, Tibetan-Gansu Expedition Group 1650 ( HNWP!). Gande County : Shanggongma Xiang , near Yellow river , 4000 m, 9 August 1993, H.B. C 986 ( HNWP!) ; Shanggongma Xiang, near Yellow river , 4000 m, 9 August 1993, H.B. C 989 ( HNWP!). Gangca County: Narengongma , 3250 m, 11 July 1975, Ben-Zhao Guo & Wei-Yi Wang 11262 ( HNWP!) ; Huangyu Farm, 2920 m, 14 July 1963, Zhen-Wan Zhang 2372 ( HNWP!). Golmud city: Near Xidatan , 3955 m, 14 July 2006, Yu-Hu Wu 37605 ( HNWP!) ; Near Xidatan , 3955 m, 14 July 2006, Yu-Hu Wu 36987 ( HNWP!) ; 920 km of the Qingzang Highway, 4750 m, 6 September 1988, Tibetan Expedition Group, Yu-Hu Wu 2825 ( HNWP!). Gonghe County: Northern hill of Xinzhe , 3700 m, 6 August 1975, Ben-Zhao Guo & Wei-Yi Wang 11896 ( HNWP!). Guinan County : Mugebaibian , 3200 m, 4 August 1967, Bing-Wen Li 107 ( NAS) ; Nianmuchang, Mugetan , 3200 m, 5 August 1967, Bing-wen Li & He-Zeng Zhang 107 ( HNWP!). Guoluo Tibetan Autonomous Prefecture: Without specific locality, 18 August 1967, Jing-Ye Ding 043 ( HNWP!). Haixi Menggu and Tibetan Autonomous Prefecture: Without specific locality, 1972, Zhong-Tai Lai 00.38 ( HNWP!). Henan Menggu Autonomous County: Dahe district , Mt. Waisiwaiami , 19 July 1972, Ben-Zhao Guo 9812 ( HNWP!) ; Waisi Xiang, Ami shan, 19 July 1972, Ben-Zhao Guo 9801 ( HNWP!) ; Waisiaimi shan, 19 July 1972, Ben-Zhao Guo 9788 ( HNWP!) ; Ningxiu Xiang, Daningxiugou , 3410 m, 22 July 1967, 1801 ( HNWP!) ; Midatang, 3600 m, 6 September 1990, Yu-Hu Wu et al. 7519 ( HNWP!). Huzhu Tu Autonomous County: Hongyazigou , East valley of Tianmensi , 3190 m, 18 June 1958, Rao-Ting Zhang , Fu-Chang Xv etc . 170 ( KUN!). Huangyuan County : Aladiao shan, 12 July 1958, Bu-Qiu Zhong 8928 ( HNWP!). Huangzhong County : Qianhu cun, Galang Xiang , 3000 m, 24 July 1989, Shang-Wu Shang 3297 ( HNWP!). Jiuzhi County : On the hillside near Jiuzhi county , 3750 m, Guoluo Team 658 ( HNWP!) ; Wasai Gongshe, Zhuanglanggou, 3870 m, Guoluo Team 224 ( HNWP!) ; Near Suohurima Gongshe , 3800 m, 10 July 1971, Tibetan Expedition Medicinal Plants Group 440 ( HNWP!) ; Madoi County: Bayankala shan, August 1972, Guo-Jie Zhou 013 ( HNWP!) ; Near Heihe , July 1972, Ben-Zhao Guo 10525 ( HNWP!) ; Hehe Xiang , 24 July 1998, Gui-Chen Wang 1796 ( HNWP!) ; 10 kilometers north-west of Madoi County, 24 July 1998, Gui-Chen Wang 1821 ( HNWP!) ; Heishui Xiang, Qunamaier , 4200 m, 19 August 1993, H.B. G 1458 ( HNWP!) ; North of Ehu shan, 4400 m, 29 July 1984, Yu-Hu Wu 1570 ( HNWP!) ; Junmuchang , 3910 m, 14 July 1984, Yu-Hu Wu 1407 ( HNWP!) ; Hou shan, 4300 m, 12 August 1979, Yu-Hu Wu 1639 ( HNWP!) ; Pasture , 4350 m, 12 August 1979, Yu-Hu Wu 803 ( HNWP!) ; Huanghe Xiang , 4600 m, 21 July 1980, Yu-Hu Wu 1031 ( HNWP!) ; North-west of Elenghe , 3350 m, 29 July 1984, Vegetation Geography Group 570 ( HNWP!) ; Just north-west of Miancaowan , between Gonghe and Madoi, 10 August 1996, T.N. Ho et al. 1565 ( PE) ; Shanggongma Xiang, tributary of the Yellow river , 9 August 1993, Ho Ting-nung & Mike Gilbert ( PE). Maqin County: Youyun Gongshe , 4200 m, 25 August 1974, Maqin Expedition Group 539 ( HNWP!) ; Dongqinggou , 3800–3900 m, 15 July 1974, Maqin Expedition Group 322 ( HNWP!) ; Dawu Xiang, Dairy farms, 3800–3900 m, 29 July 1993, H. B. G 489 ( HNWP!) ; Dawu Xiang , 29 July 1993, Ho Ting-nung & Mike Gilbert 489 ( PE) ; Outskirts of jungong, 24 July 1993, Ho Ting-nung & Mike Gilbert 313 ( PE) ; Heihai Xiang, Qunamaier , 19 August 1993, Ho Ting-nung & Mike Gilbert 1458 ( PE) ; Qilian County: Ebo , 3350 m, 7 August 1964, Kun Rong 3039 ( HNWP!) ; Qilian shan, 2 km SE ebao (60 km SE Minle County) 3440m, 23 July 2001, H. Kurschner & M. Sonnentag 01-338 (Herbarium Berolinense) ; The hill behind Beidahetuole Gongshe , 3600 m, 23 July 1962, 1705 ( HNWP!). Qumarlêb County: Qumahe Xiang , 4400–4600 m, 10 July 1966, Rong-Fu Huang 0066 ( HNWP!). Tianjun County : 15 kilometers Tianpeng Xiang , 3400 m, 29 July 1959, Qinghai-Gansu Expedition Group 1077 ( NWFC) ; 15 kilometers west Tianpeng Xiang , 3400 m, 10 July 1966, Qinghai-Gansu Expedition Group 1077 ( HNWP!) ; On the foot of Kuaierma shan, 3560 m, 22 July 2006, Yu-Hu Wu 37954 ( HNWP!) ; On the foot of Kuaierma shan, 3560 m, 22 July 2006, Yu-Hu Wu 38006 ( HNWP!) ; On the foot of Kuaierma shan, 3560 m, 22 July 2006, Yu-Hu Wu 37995 ( HNWP!) ; Tongde County: Hebei Xiang, Longmugongma , 3350 m, 29 July 1990, Yu-Hu Wu et al. 5249 ( HNWP!) ; Hebei Xiang, Shuimogou , 3600 m, 10 August 1990, Yu-Hu Wu et al. 6327 ( HNWP!) ; Near Heibei Xiang, Saiqiangouxiagu , 3600 m, 14 August 1990, Yu-Hu Wu et al. 6553 ( HNWP!) ; Near Hebei Xiang , Saiergou , 3300–3400 m, 11 August 1990, Yu-Hu Wu et al. 6504 ( HNWP!). Tongren County: Near Lancai Gongshe , 3200–3420 m, Shang-Wu Liu & Da-Shang Luo 1434 ( HNWP!). Xinghai County : Dahexuegou , 3700 m, 20 July 1963, Geography-Botanical Expedition Group 333 ( HNWP!, KUN!) ; Hekabalong Gongshe, 3300 m, Ben-Zhao Guo 6205 ( HNWP!). Yushu County: Longbao Xiang, Haxiu shan, 4350 m, 7 August 1964, 00472 ( HNWP!) ; Shangbatang basin, 4150 m, 28 July 1964, 00452 ( HNWP!) ; S of the road between Yushu and Gyairong and ca.1/4 of the way between the two towns, 19 August 1996, T.N. Ho et al. 2087 ( PE). Zêkog County: Duohemao Gongshe, Wuqiaohai shan 3420 m, Li-Hua Zhou & Li-Nan Sun 1368 ( HNWP!) ; Duohemao Gongshe, Shechakatan, 3700 m, Li-Hua Zhou & Li-Nan Sun 1807 ( HNWP!) ; Near Duofutun Gongshe , 3400 m, 22 August 1970, Shang-Wu Liu & Da-Shang Luo 1583 ( HNWP!) ; Heri Gongshe, Heri temple, 3420 m, Li-Huan Zhou & Li-Huan Zhou 2098 ( HNWP!) ; Near Zequhe, 3670 m, 4 September 1970, Li-Hua Zhou & Li-Nan Sun 2058 ( HNWP!). Zadoi County: Aduo Xiang , Alou , 4500 m, 24 July 1976, Shang-Wu Liu 00205 ( HNWP!) ; Aduo Xiang, Ayong , 4500 m, 24 July 1965, Shang-Wu Liu 214 ( NWFC) ; Aduo Xiang, Ayong , 4350 m, 24 July 1965, Shang-Wu Liu 472 ( NWFC). Zhidoi County: Xin Xiang , Qicuolaluotan , 4700 m, 14 August 1966, Li-Hua Zhou 320 ( HNWP!). Sichuan: Near Kantse-hsien, 10 September 1951, Wen-Guang Hu 13073 ( NAS) ; Between Taining (Ngata) and Maoniu ( Ndrome : Zungkong La ,ad rupes calciferas, 29 September 1934, Harry Smith 12548 ( PE) ; Inter Taining (Ngata) et Taofu ( Dawo ): Takuan , in duriprato, 10 September 1934, Harry Smith 12003 ( PE) ; Setchuen, Ta-tsien-lou, December 1980, A.E. Pratt 240 ( P). Barkam County: Amujiaogou , 2800 m, 17 July 1957, Hong-Fu Zhou 23037 ( SZ!, KUN!) ; On the right hillside of Amujiaogou, 3000 m, 23051 ( KUN!) ; On the right hillside of Amujiaogou , 3000 m, 18 July 1957, Ze-Yun Zhang & Hong-Fu Zhou 23051 ( NAS) ; The hill behind Shaergognshe Shaer district , 2800 m, 3 July 1975, Vegetation Survey Expedition of Sichuan 9519 ( CDBI!, NAS). Danba County: Kaneng , 31 August 1978, ( NAS) ; Kaneng, 15 August 1978, Yun-Hui Li 01 ( NAS). Daocheng County: Without specific locality, 3750 m, 22 July 1961, Shu Jiang 5359 ( KUN!) ; Shu Jiang 5359 ( PE) ; Near Daocheng county , 3800 m, 2 May 1973, Sichuan Expedition Vegetation Survey Group, Dao 1714 ( CDBI!, PE) ; Julong Xiang , 3500 m, 28 July 1971, Zhao-Guang Liu 0423 ( NAS) ; Dege county: Babang Xiang , 6 July 1974, 7312 ( NAS). Garzê County: Suburb of Garzê County , Jing-Sheng Yang 90-102 ( IBSC) ; Near Garzê County, 8 July 1951, You-Wen Cui 4302 ( PE) ; The suburb of Garzê County, 3650 m, 8 Septermber, 1965, Kun-Jun Fu 16526 ( HNWP). Hongyuan County: Amulinchang , Gonglarigenma , 2 August 1969, 00322 ( NAS) ; Amukehe Xiang, Larigenma , 2 August 1964, Bing-Zhi Ni etc . 00322 ( CDBI!) ; Shuajingsi , 3000 m, 3 August 1984, Bang-Kai Zhou, Fa-Ding Pu etc . 191 ( CDBI!, NAS) ; Shuajingsi, Kangle Gongshe, Laokangmao valley , 3400, 3 June 1975, Sichuan Expedition Vegetation Survey Group 9165 ( CDBI!) ; Shuajingsi , 31 August 1984, Jin-Yao 636 ( NAS) ; Shuajingsi , 22 July 1958, Shan-Yong Chen, Tao He, Ming-Fang Zhong etc . 5587 ( NAS) ; Shuajingsi , 3250 m, 9 August 1957, Ze-Yun Zhang & Hong-Fu Zhou 23574 ( SZ!, KUN!, NAS!) ; Waqie, 3400 m, 29 August 1984, F.T. Pu & K. Yao 178 ( NAS). Kangding County: Simaqiao , 2720 m, 1 May 1980, Gang Hu & Zhen-Ju Zhao 112016 ( CDBI!) ; Yinguanzhai , 3520 m, 19 June 1959, Expedition of Sichuan University, Agriculture Botany 0108 ( KUN!, NAS) ; Xinduqiao , 20 July 1963, Ke-Jian Guan & Wen-Cai Wang 822 ( PE) ; Simaqiao, 12 May 1980, Gang-Hu etc . 112016 ( SZ!). Litang County: Labo district , Maiwa Xiang , Relu Gongshe , 4100 m, 10 August 1973, Sichuan Expedition Vegetation Survey Group 3822 ( KUN!, NAS) ; Labo district , 10 August 1973, Sichuan Expedition Vegetation Survey Group 3822 ( PE) ; The hill behind of Litang County, 4400 m, 2 October 1965, Jun-Kun Fu 16702 ( HNWP!). Ngawa County : Without specific locality, 12 August 1993, Zong-Xiao Tang etc . 0921 ( PE) ; Near Ngawa County, 17 August 1957, Xin-Li 7200 1 ( NAS). Qianning County: Near Qianning county , 8 July 1974, 05532 ( NAS) ; Near Qianning district , 3600 m, Sichuan Expedition Vegetation Survey Group, Dao 05532 ( CDBI!) ; Gaobaqiao, 31 July 1960, De-Fu Huang 60-119 ( NAS). Seda County: Sequ district , 3800, Ze-Sun Yu 06698 ( CDBI!) ; Qianjin Xiang, Zhengdou Gongshe , 16 July 1972, Zhao-Guang Liu 1435 ( NAS). Songpan County: Without specific locality, 8 August 1993, Zong-Xiao Tang etc . 0667 ( PE) ; Caowan , 3400 m, October 1983, Ya-Ling Cao, Fa-Ding Pu etc . 070 ( CDBI!) ; Between Zhangla and Heizhangfang ( Daoban ), 3200–3600 m, October 1983, Ya-Ling Cao, Fa-Ding Pu etc . 062 ( CDBI!) ; On the side of highway, from Songpa county to Nanping , 2900–3100 m, 2 July 1990, Xing-Jin He H026 ( CDBI!) ; The suburb of Songpa county , 3000 m, Xing-Jin He H027 ( CDBI!) ; The hill behind Songpa county , 2900 m, 2 July 1990, Xing-Jin He H024 ( CDBI!) ; Chuanzhusi , 2900 m, 2 August 1984, Jin He 151 ( CDBI!) ; South of Songpa county, October 1983, 2900–3000 m, Fa-Ding Pu etc . 058 ( CDBI!) ; Zhenjiangguan , 2600 m, 1 July 1990, Daofu-Tiancun & Guizi-Xiaoguan shen 0654 ( CDBI!) ; Chuanzhusi, 27 August 1984, F.T. Pu & K. Yao 151 ( NAS). Sêrxü County: Derongma Gongshe , 4230 m, 8 August 1980, Sichuan Expedition Vegetation Survey Group 28316 ( CDBI!) ; Shi district , 4200 m, 1 August 1974, Qing-Quan Wang 7554 ( CDBI!) ; West district, 10 August 1974, De-Que Wang 7554 ( NAS). Xiangcheng County: Between four district Gujiazhae and Rizhao shan, 3700 m, 1 August 1981, Tibetan Expedition Group 4697 ( CDBI!) ; Near four district government, 11 August 1981, Tibetan Expedition Group 004558 ( CDBI!) ; Near Four district government, 11 August 1981, Tibetan Expedition Group 4697 ( PE) ; Four district, Hongqi Xiang, Redaba , 26 June 1972, Zhao-Guang Liu 0973 ( NAS) ; Near Gujia, between four district and Mt. Rizhao , 12 Autust 1981, Tibetan Expedition Group 4697 ( PE). Zoigê County: Aximuchang , 3400 m, 3 June 1975, Sichuan Expedition Vegetation Survey Group 10081 ( CDBI!) ; Julong Xiang , 3500 m, 2 July 1971, Zhao-Guang Liu 0423 ( CDBI!) ; Xiamanzhongyangchang , 3440 m, 3 July 1975, Sichuan Expedition Vegetation Survey Group 10293 ( CDBI!, NAS) ; Xiaman , 11 July 1993, Zhong-Ming Tan 93-40 ( PE) ; Near Duoma district , 22 July 1960, Sichuan Expedition Medicine Survey Group 10293 ( NAS) ; Near Tiebujiansuo , 9 August 1960, Sichuan Expedition Medicine Survey Group 020341 ( NAS) ; Tiebu Gongshe, 19 June 1983, Kai-Yong Lang, Liang-Qian Li & Yong Fei 1861 ( PE). Xizang: Without specific locality, 12 September 1975, Tibetan Expedition Supplementary Sampling Group 751970 ( NAS) ; Pangduohe , 4100 m, 11 June 1960, Guo-Xun Fu 238 ( PE) ; Mila shan Pass , 4800 m, 7 August 1965, Yong-Tian Zhang & Kai-Yong Lang 1466 ( PE) ; Zhedang to Ridangkasong shan, 4200–4800 m, 21 August 1975, Tibetan Expedition Group 751472 ( KUN!, PE) ; Yangda Xiang , 1 October 2014, ZY20140139 ( FUS) ; Mt. Tanggula , west of hot spring, 4850 m, 13 August 1989, Rong-Fu Huang CG-89-191 ( HNWP!) ; Gongbazhasangpu , 10 August 1953, Bu-Qiu Zhong 6097 ( PE) ; 35°14′ N, 88°20′, 7 July, Wellby, M.S & Malcolm, N s.n. ( K) ; Po-Tang, 2 miles N of Phari, 16 August 1878, Dungboo s.n. ( K). Lhasa city: Northern hill, 4500 m, 6 October 1972, 2059 ( PE) ; 5 kilometers north of Laiguodong , 4300 m, 17 August 1965, Yong-Tian Zhang & Kai-Yong Lang 1683 ( PE) ; Kyi Chu Valley, 15 miles east of Lhasa , August 1904, H.J. Walton & F.E. Younghusband s.n. ( K). Ngamring County: Northern hill of Sangsang , 4700 m, 20 August 1975, Tibetan Expedition Botanical Group 5891 ( PE). Amdo County : Tumengela coal mine, 5000 m, 30 July 1963, Jin- Xiang Yang 1988 ( KUN!) ; Tumengela coal mine, 4900 m, 30 July 1963, Zhi-Ye Qing 10121 ( HNWP!). Baingoin County: 20 kilometers northeast of Baingoin lake , 4500–4680 m, 30 July 1976, De-Ding Tao 10692 ( KUN!) ; 20 kilometers northeast of Baingoin lake, 4500–4680 m, 30 July 1976, Tibetan Expedition Group 10692 ( KUN!). Biru County: Panglujiang Gongshe , erdui, 3900 or 3950 m, 12 September 1976, Tibetan Expedition Nagqu Group , De-Ding Tao 11368 ( PE). Cona County : Without specific locality, 4770 m, 11 August 1974, Tibetan Expedition Group 948 ( PE). Coqên County : Without specific locality, 4600 m, 18 August 1990, Y Fei, S Hang, D. Z. Li & B. Bai 392 ( KUN!) ; Near south Coqên County district, 4600 m, 16 September 1976, Northern Tibet Team of Qinghai-Tibet Group , Kai-Yong Lang 10311 ( PE) ; Coqên County district, 4600 m, 16 September 1976, Tibetan Expedition Botanical Group 13729 ( PE). Dinggyê County: North of Kuma Xiang , near Shaligunba , 4770 m, 20 July 1961, Tibetan Expedition Group 1640 ( PE). Dêngqên County : Without specific locality, 21 August 1976, Zheng-Yi Wu etc . 4918 ( KUN!) ; North of Post Offices, 3800 m, 2 August 1976, Tibetan Expedition Botanical Group 9403 ( PE). Gongbo’gyamda County: Near Songduo , 4200 m, 6 July 1974, Tibetan Expedition Group 3549 ( KUN!) ; Near Songduo, 4200 m, 6 July 1974, Tibetan Expedition Group 74-3549 ( PE). Gêrzê County: Yuweihu of Shuanghu , 1 August 1976, Kai-Yong Lang 9898 ( KUN!). Gyangzê County : Without specific locality, 12 July 1953, Bu-Qiu Zhong 5700 ( PE). Kangmar County : Galahuke Xiang , 4380 m, 5 July 1961, Tibetan Expedition Group 1565 ( PE). Markam County : The hill behind Markam County , 21 June 1976, Tibetan Expedition Botanical Group 11929 ( KUN!, PE) ; 1 kilometer just east of county, 21 June 1976, Tibetan Expedition Botanical Group 8506 ( PE). Nagqu County: Heihe district muchangshiyandui, 4500 m, 31 August 1961, Jing-Ting Wang 3798 ( PE). Namling County : Qunmo Xiang , 4800–4900 m, 30 July 1972, Tibetan Herbal Investigation Group 880 ( PE) ; Rendui district, Pengduo , 4300–4500 m, 1 September 1975, Tibetan Expedition Botanical Group 6010 ( PE). Sog County: 6 kilometers west of Sog County , 4000 m, 13 August 1976, De-Ding Tao 10885 ( KUN!). Shuanghu County : Yuweihu of Shuanghu , 5050 m, 1 August 1976, Northern Tibet team of Tibetan Expedition Group, Kai-Yong Lang 9898 ( PE, KUN!) ; The hill behind Lizichu , 4850 m, 22 July 1976, Northern Tibet team of Tibetan Expedition Group, Kai-Yong Lang 10399 ( PE) ; Shuanghu , 26 July 1976, Tibetan Expedition Group 12066 ( PE) ; No man’s land, Jiangai snow mountain to Magaierque snow mountain, 5100m, 13 July 1976, Northern Tibet team, Kai-Yong Lang 9701 ( PE) ; No man’s land, lanhuyuque, 4900 m, 29 July 1976, Northern Tibet team of Tibetan Expedition Group, Kai-Yong Lang 9883 ( PE) ; Northwest Shuangli valley, 4800 m, 22 July 1976, 11989 ( PE). Xainza County: East of Nyima district, 4630 m, 15 September 1974, Tibetan Expedition Group of Institute of Biology 4376 ( HNWP!) ; Northwest of Qilinhu , 1 September 1976, Tibetan Expedition Botanical Group 12449 ( PE) ; About 8 kilometers northwest of Xainza County, 4600 m, 22 July 1961, Jing-Ting Wang 3605 ( PE). Yadong County : Mt. Duila , 4600 m, 4 September 1975, Tibetan Expedition Group 7373 ( PE). Zhag’yab County : Jitang town , Youxi , 3700–3800 m, 7 July 1976, Tibetan Expedition Group 12293 ( KUN!). Xinjiang: Ruoqiang County : Without specific locality, 9 July 1984, 84-A-251 ( XJBI!) ; 26August 1988, Tibetan Expedition Group, Yu-Hu 4283 ( HNWP!) ; Aerjin shan protection zone, 6 July 1988, Nai-Ran Cui ( XJA!). Aqikekule Lake , 10 August 1988, Du zheng & Ke Guo 12374 ( PE) ; South Aqikekule 21 August 1988, Ke Guo 12503 ( PE) ; East Aqikehu , 22 July 1984, 84-A-374 ( XJBI!) ; Aqqikol , 4280 m, 12 August 1988, S.G. Wu, H. Ohba, Y.H. Wu & Y. Fei 4031 ( HNWP!) ; Aqqikkol , 3250 m, 12 August 1988, S.G. Wu, H. Ohba, Y.H. Wu & Y. Fei 2195 ; Kaerdun , 22 June 1984, 84-A-102 ( XJBI!) ; N of Aqqikol , 4200 m, 12 August 1988, S.G. Wu, H. Ohba, Y.H. Wu & Y. Fei 2747 ( HNWP!) ; Lamqiman , 3300 m, 18 August 1988, S.G. Wu, H. Ohba, Y.H. Wu & Y. Fei 4133 ( HNWP!) ; Qimantag mountain , 4100 m, 26 August 1988, S.G. Wu, H. Ohba, Y.H. Wu & Y. Fei 4283 ( HNWP!) ; Tufangzi to Xiaoshahu , 4200 m, 26 August 1988, S.G. Wu, H. Ohba, Y.H. Wu & Y. Fei 2767 ( HNWP!). Yunnan: Deqen Zang Aut. Pref.: Zhongdian Co.: Pass N of Napa Hai off road to Dechin [Deqen], 3590 m, 10 September 1995, 78 ( KUN!) ; Dêqên County: Hongla Mountain Pass, 3600 m, 10 August 1976, Zheng-Yi Wu etc . 4441 ( KUN!). Zhongdian County : Naiyue , 3900 m, 8 August 1976, Zheng-Yi Wu 4237 ( KUN!) ; Near nanbohaizi in Mt. Shigao snow, 8 July 1939, Guo-Mei Feng 1583 ( KUN!) ; Northwestern slope of Napa Hai , 3300–3400 m, 23 June 1981, Tibetan Expedition Hengduan Mountain Group 1402 ( CDBI!, PE) ; Mt. Shigao snow, 8 July 1937, K.M. Feng 1583 ( PE) ; Mt. Wufeng , 21 September 1984, Ze-Hui Pan etc . 84-83 ( NAS) .