Desmodium glabrum (Mill.) DC., Prodr.

Lima, Laura Cristina Pires, Queiroz, Luciano Paganucci De, Tozzi, Ana Maria Goulart De Azevedo & Lewis, Gwilym Peter, 2014, A Taxonomic Revision of Desmodium (Leguminosae, Papilionoideae) in Brazil, Phytotaxa 169 (1), pp. 1-119 : 45-47

12. Desmodium glabrum (Mill.) DC., Prodr. 2: 338. 1825. Hedysarum glabrum Mill., Gard. Dict. (ed. 8). 12. 1768. Meibomia glabra (Mill.) Kuntze, Revis. Gen. Pl. 1: 198. 1891. Type:— MEXICO. Campechy. 1731, W. Houstoun s.n. (holotype BM!). Fig. 14 .

Hedysarum terminale Rich., Actes Soc. Hist. Nat. Paris 1: 112. 1792. Desmodium terminale (Rich.) DC., Prodr. 2: 327. 1825. Meibomia terminalis (Rich.) Kuntze, Revis. Gen. Pl. 1: 198. 1891. Lectotype (designated here):— FRENCH GUIANA. Cayena, L. Blond s.n. (lectotype G!, isolectotype P!).

Hedysarum molle Vahl, Symb. Bot. 2:83. 1791. Desmodium molle (Vahl) DC., Prodr. 2: 332. 1825. Meibomia mollis (Vahl) Kuntze, Revis. Gen. Pl. 1: 198. 1891. Lectotype (designated by Schubert 1980):—"Ex insula Saint Crucis, D. Pflug s.n. " (lectotype C*!, isolectotypes FI-W49131!, G-DC!, LE![2 sheets]).

Hedysarum emarginatum Poir., Encycl. 6(2): 412. 1805. Desmodium emarginatum (Poir.) DC., Prodr. 2: 338. 1825. Meibomia emarginata (Poir.) Kuntze, Revis. Gen. Pl. 1: 198. 1891. Type:— MARTINIQUE. " 21 in herb. Lam." (holotype P-LAM 307!).

Desmodium campestre Brandegee, Univ. Calif. Publ. Bot. 6(4): 53. 1914. Type:— MEXICO. Oaxaca: Picacho-San Geronimo , growing on dry plains, C. K .A. Purpus 6810 (holotype UC *!, isotypes BM!, GH!) .

Erect, branched shrub or subshrub, 0.5–2 m tall, without a xylopodium; stems not virgate, slender or not, tetragonal, sulcate or striate, sparsely or densely villose and uncinate, rarely puberulous-uncinate, not glaucous; internodes (2.1–)3.4–4.1(–6.5) cm long. Stipules 4–10 × 1–2 mm, ovate-lanceolate, not auriculate, semiamplexicaul, inserted perpendicularly at the base of the leaf petiole, free from each other, apex caudate, margin ciliate, sparsely puberulous-uncinate and tomentose, veins conspicuous, persistent. Leaves trifoliolate; petiole (11–)22–41(–52) mm long, cylindrical, sulcate, sparsely or densely uncinate and villose; rachis (5–) 7–16 mm long; stipels 4–8 mm long, lanceolate, margin ciliate, glabrescent on the on the outer surface, persistent; leaflets discolorous, membranaceous or chartaceous, venation brochidodromous, primary, secondary, and tertiary veins prominent, rarely tertiary veins flush with the abaxial surface, indumentum densely tomentose or villose and hirsute on the primary, secondary and tertiary veins on the abaxial surface, adaxial surface tomentose and puberulous, uncinate hairs covering both surfaces, terminal leaflet (2.5–)5.2–9.4 × (0.8–) 3.1–5.4 cm, ovate or rhombic, rarely elliptic, base oblique or obtuse, apex acute, subacute or obtuse, lateral leaflets (1.8–)4.2–6.5 × (0.7–) 2.4–3.7 cm, elliptic or the same shape as the terminal leaflet. Inflorescence a terminal or axillary pseudoraceme

DESMODIUM (LEGUMINOSAE, PAPILIONOIDEAE ) IN BRAZIL

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LIMA ET AL.

or paniculate; the main axis longer than the adjacent leaves, 11–29.5 cm long, sparsely or densely villose, uncinate and hirsute, 2–8 flowers per node; primary bract 3–5 mm long, narrowly triangular, margin ciliate, puberulousuncinate and hirsute on the outer surface, caducous, veins inconspicuous on the outer surface; secondary bract 1–2 mm long, narrowly triangular, margin ciliate, puberulous-uncinate on the outer surface, caducous, veins inconspicuous on the on the outer surface; pedicel 5–11 mm long, sparsely or densely uncinate and hirsute. Flowers 2.5–3 mm long; calyx 5–laciniate, tube campanulate, 0.5–1 mm long, uncinate and hirsute on the outer surface; upper lip bifid, the 2 teeth joined for ca. ¾ of their length, acute, acute, ca. 1.2 mm long; lower lip trifid, lateral tooth triangular, 1.5–2 mm long, central tooth triangular, ca. 2 mm long; corolla lilac or purple, standard 2–3 × 1–2 mm, obovate, apex obtuse, maculate at the base, claw ca. 0.2 mm long; wing petals 2–2.5 × 0.8–1 mm, oblong, apex obtuse, without callosities, claw ca. 0.5 mm long; keel petals 1.5–2 × 1 mm, narrowly obovate, apex obtuse, with callosities, claw ca. 1 mm long; androecium diadelphous, 2.5–3 mm long, vexillary stamen free; ovary 1.5–2 mm long, glabrous or glabrescent, sessile. Loment 0.8–1.2 cm long, stipe ca. 1 mm long, glabrescent, isthmus central, both margins sinuate; articles dimorphic 3–4, 6–11 × 6–7 mm, terminal article elliptic, the another articles rhombic, tortuous, indehiscent, membranaceous, veins conspicuous, terminal article glabrous or glabrescent the another articles uncinate. Seed 2.5–3 × 1.5 mm, oblong, hilum central.

Selected specimens examined:— BRAZIL. Alagoas: Olhos d’Água do Casado: fazenda Morro Grande , 11 August 2000, fr., R . A . Silva & D. Moura 1655 ( RB) . Bahia: Carinhanha: BR-101, fazenda Tamanduá , 26 km Norte de Carinhanha, 17 May 2000, fl., fr., G . Hatschbach et al. 71275 ( MBM); Urundi: Estreito IV, Divisa das Estradas MG / B , April 1991, fl., fr., A . L . Brochado 223 ( IBGE) . Ceará: Baturite: Crato: subindo a Serra de Araripe , partindo de Crato , 23 May 1980, fl., fr., L . Coradin et al. 2528 ( CEN, HUEFS, K) . Goiás: São Domingos: fazenda do Sr. Rivaldo, próximo à fazenda Mata Serena , 28 October 2000, fl., fr., F . C . A. Oliveira et al. 1123 ( IBGE) . Mato Grosso do Sul: Corumbá : MCR , Mineração Corumbaense Reunidas, rio Tinto, Maciço do Urucum , February 2005, fl., fr., V . J . Pott & A . Pott 9975 ( CGMS) . Minas Gerais: Virgem da Lapa: s. loc., 5 May 1993, fr., M . Brandão 22951 ( PAMG) . Pernambuco: Mirandiba: Serra do Tigre, fazenda Tigre , 20 June 2007, fl., fr., E . Córdula et al. 292 ( HUEFS, K) . Piauí: Coronel José Dias : Toca do Baixão da Pedra Furada, Parque Nacional da Serra da Capivara, 9 August 1994, fl., fr., G . P . Silva et al. 2453 ( CEN, HUEFS, K) ; Paraíba: fazenda Monte Alegre , 30 June 1994, fl., fr., M . S . B. Nascimento 51 ( K) . Rio Grande do Norte: Natal: Base aérea de Natal , 23 January 1968, fl., fr., N . Lima 101 ( UB) . Tocantins: Novo Alegre: TO-110, 6 km Nde Novo Alegre , 10 May 2000, fl., fr., G . Hatschbach et al. 70813 ( HBG, K, MBM) .

Distribution and Ecology:— Southestern United States, Mexico, Central America West Indies, and South America ( Venezuela, Colombia, Peru, Argentina, Paraguay, Bolivia, and Brazil) in accordance to ( Schubert 1980, Vanni 2001, Aymard et al. 2007, Lima et al. 2010). In Brazil D.glabrum occurs in the States of Alagoas, Bahia, Ceará, Goiás, Mato Grosso do Sul, Minas Gerais, Paraíba, Pernambuco, Piauí, Rio Grande do Norte, and Tocantins. Collected in grassland, pasture, along roadsides, in Caatinga or Cerrado vegetation associated with Seasonally Dry Tropical Forests and Chaco.

Conservation Assessment:— Least Concern (LC), not endangered ( IUCN 2001).

Phenology:— flowering and fruiting from February to October.

Etymology:— from the Latin glabrous in reference to the terminal fruit article glabrous at maturity.

Common Name:— açoita-cavalo; brinquinho; carrapicho; engorda-cavalo; engorda-magro; marmelada-decachorro; marmelada-de-cavalo; rapadura-de-cavalo; vassourinha.

Taxonomic notes:— easily recognised by its sulcate stems which are quadrangular in transverse section, its ovate leaflets, and tortuous dimorphic articles (the terminal article markedly larger than the others).

Figures

FIGURE 14. Desmodium glabrum. A. Fruiting branch. B. Stipules inner surface. C. Calyx inner surface (opened). D. Parts of the corolla from the bottom to top keel petals, wing petals, and standard. E. Androecium diadelphous (opened). F. Gynoecium. G. Fruit. H. Seed. (A: s.c. SP4122; B–F: Hatsbach 71275; G–H: Brochado 223).