Silicularia rosea Meyen, 1834

Galea, Horia R., Häussermann, Verena & Försterra, Günter, 2009, New additions to the hydroids (Cnidaria: Hydrozoa) from the fjords region of southern Chile, Zootaxa 2019, pp. 1-28 : 18-19

publication ID

https://doi.org/ 10.5281/zenodo.186052

DOI

https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6212460

persistent identifier

https://treatment.plazi.org/id/525D4C3A-FFF8-FF97-A285-EB92FB010FAC

treatment provided by

Plazi

scientific name

Silicularia rosea Meyen, 1834
status

 

Silicularia rosea Meyen, 1834 View in CoL

(fig. 4G–M, table 6)

Silicularia rosea Meyen, 1834: 204 View in CoL , pl. 35 figs 1–11. – Hartlaub, 1905: 572, figs V1, X1, Y 1. – Vervoort & Watson, 2003: 442, fig. 108A–D.

? Campanularia bilabiata Coughtrey, 1875: 291 View in CoL , pl. 20 figs 46–49.

? Hypanthea bilabiata – Hilgendorf, 1898: 213, pl. 20 figs 5, 5A.

Silicularia bilabiata View in CoL – Bale, 1924: 233, fig. 4. – Ralph, 1956: 285, fig. 2A, C. – Naumov & Stepanjants, 1962: 73, fig. 2.

Silicularia bilabiata View in CoL forma intermedia – Ralph, 1956: 286, figs 2F, 3A–D.

Silicularia bilabiata View in CoL forma subantarctica – Ralph, 1956: 287, fig. 3K.

Silicularia bilabiata View in CoL forma subtropica – Ralph, 1956: 286, figs 2D, 3E–J.

Eucopella campanularia View in CoL p.p. von Lendenfeld, 1883: 497, pl. 29 fig. 15D', D1/2. – Bale, 1888: 751, pl. 13 figs 9–15.

Silicularia campanularia View in CoL – Bale, 1914: 84, pl. 13 figs 1–6. – Hodgson, 1950: 6, figs 12–13.

Hypanthea aggregata Allman, 1888: 27 View in CoL , pl. 14 figs 1, 1A.

Hypanthea repens Allman, 1876: 115 View in CoL .

Hypanthea hemisphaerica Allman, 1888: 27 View in CoL , pl. 14 figs 2, 2A.

Silicularia hemisphaerica View in CoL – Hartlaub, 1905: 576, figs Z1, A2. – Jäderholm, 1905: 18, pl. 7 fig. 3.

Hypanthea atlantica Marktanner-Turneretscher, 1890: 211 View in CoL , pl. 3 fig. 14.

Hypanthea asymmetrica Hilgendorf, 1898: 212 View in CoL , pl. 20 fig. 4. – Hartlaub, 1901b: 366, pl. 22 figs 24–26.

Eucopella reticulata Hartlaub, 1905: 569 View in CoL , fig. R1.

Silicularia reticulata View in CoL – Nutting, 1915: 91, pl. 25 figs 3–4.

Material examined. Stn. 10 – 24.02.2008, 8 m, A504 ( MHNG INVE 62833): numerous hydrothecae and several female gonothecae, on weeds.

Type locality. Not designated by Meyen (1834). For a list of his records, see Vervoort & Watson 2003.

Description. Colony stolonal, with polyps arising at irregular intervals from branched, anastomozing, thick-walled stolon. Hydrothecal pedicels of moderate length, slightly constricted at origin from stolon; perisarc very thick, entirely smooth; subhydrothecal spherule present. Hydrotheca long, inverted-conical, asymmetrical, walls straight to slightly undulated or curved; oval in cross-section (bilaterally symmetrical), with perisarc much thickened laterally in frontal view, and lesser on front and rear sides (fig. 4I); perisarc exceptionally thickened towards base of hydrotheca, delimiting an ovoid to nearly tubular basal chamber of varied height; aperture perpendicular to long axis of hydrotheca; rim even, not everted. Only remnants of hydranths present; tentacle number could not be checked. Gonothecae borne on stolon; female in present material, immature; pear-shaped, laterally compressed, with thickened, slightly undulated lateral walls; distal end truncated to broadly rounded, with wide, operculate aperture; proximal end tapering abruptly into short, smooth pedicel. Gonothecal content badly preserved; one central, large medusoid and a smaller, basal one, the latter often disintegrated in majority of gonothecae examined and fine structure could not be observed. Nematocysts (undischarged): large capsules (9.4–10.8) × (2.8–3.1) µm; small capsules ca. 5.6 × 1.4 µm.

Remarks. The position of hydrothecal aperture in the present material is rather peculiar, and is similar to that observed by Coughtrey (1875) in his Campanularia bilabiata . Nearly all the variants of Silicularia rosea ( Meyen, 1834) described in the literature have the aperture obviously inclined to one side (see references above). The peculiar feature observed by us probably occurs only seldomly, but still belongs to the normal range of variation found in this species. Additionally, the long hydrothecae belong to Ralph’s (1956) forma subantarctica .

On the other hand, the female gonothecae are immature in the present material, with the characteristic, distal part not formed yet. Comparison of the Chilean specimens with female colonies from Tristan da Cunha (South Atlantic), bearing both mature and immature gonothecae (Galea, unpublished results), leave no doubt about the earliness of their development. Immature female gonothecae, with similar morphology, were illustrated by both Ralph (1956) (p. 292, fig. 3I) and Blanco (1967a) (p. 224, fig. 5) for specimens originating from New Zealand and Argentina, respectively.

Nevertheless, additional studies on Chilean material are necessary to evaluate the intraspecific variation modulated by both genetic and ecological factors, as well as the examination of the morphology of male colonies.

World distribution. Circumglobal in Antarctic and subantarctic waters ( Vervoort & Watson 2003). Records from Chile. Strait of Magellan ( Jäderholm 1903, as H. repens ), Navarino Island ( Hartlaub 1905, as S. hemisphaerica ), South of Chiloé Island (present study).

– pedicel diameter 130–180 – – – –

MHNG

Museum d'Histoire Naturelle

Kingdom

Animalia

Phylum

Cnidaria

Class

Hydrozoa

Order

Leptothecata

Family

Campanulariidae

Genus

Silicularia

Loc

Silicularia rosea Meyen, 1834

Galea, Horia R., Häussermann, Verena & Försterra, Günter 2009
2009
Loc

Silicularia bilabiata

Ralph 1956: 286
1956
Loc

Silicularia bilabiata

Ralph 1956: 287
1956
Loc

Silicularia bilabiata

Ralph 1956: 286
1956
Loc

Silicularia bilabiata

Naumov 1962: 73
Ralph 1956: 285
Bale 1924: 233
1924
Loc

Silicularia reticulata

Nutting 1915: 91
1915
Loc

Silicularia campanularia

Hodgson 1950: 6
Bale 1914: 84
1914
Loc

Silicularia hemisphaerica

Hartlaub 1905: 576
Jaderholm 1905: 18
1905
Loc

Eucopella reticulata

Hartlaub 1905: 569
1905
Loc

Hypanthea bilabiata

Hilgendorf 1898: 213
1898
Loc

Hypanthea asymmetrica

Hartlaub 1901: 366
Hilgendorf 1898: 212
1898
Loc

Hypanthea atlantica

Marktanner-Turneretscher 1890: 211
1890
Loc

Hypanthea aggregata

Allman 1888: 27
1888
Loc

Hypanthea hemisphaerica

Allman 1888: 27
1888
Loc

Eucopella campanularia

Bale 1888: 751
Lendenfeld 1883: 497
1883
Loc

Hypanthea repens

Allman 1876: 115
1876
Loc

Campanularia bilabiata

Coughtrey 1875: 291
1875
Loc

Silicularia rosea

Vervoort 2003: 442
Hartlaub 1905: 572
Meyen 1834: 204
1834
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