Pachylaelapidae, Berlese, 1913

MAŠÁN, PETER & HALLIDAY, BRUCE, 2014, Review of the mite family Pachylaelapidae (Acari: Mesostigmata), Zootaxa 3776 (1), pp. 1-66 : 9-10

Key to subfamilies, tribes, genera and subgenera of Pachylaelapidae (males)

1. Ventral idiosoma with separate sternitigenital and ventri-anal shields............................................ 2

- Ventral idiosoma with holoventral shield...................................... Pachylaelapinae Berlese, 1913 … 5

2. Posterior ends of peritrematal shields free from anterolateral corners of ventri-anal shield; dorsal shield with 30 pairs of setae; palp apotele 3-tined; exopodal platelets III usually free................................ Pachyseiinae Karg, 1971 … 3

- Posterior ends of peritrematal shields fused with anterolateral corners of ventri-anal shield; dorsal shield with 35–37 pairs of setae, including full complement of J, Z and S opisthonotal setae; palp apotele 2-tined; exopodal platelets III fused with adjacent exopodals and peritrematal shield......................................... Pachyseiulinae Mašán, 2007 … 4

3. Tarsus II with 1–3 distal setae modified, spur-like; stigmata and peritremes normally formed, peritremes short, with anterior ends situated between setae z1 and z2, clearly distant from insertions of vertical setae; setae on soft posteroventral integument simple and needle-like; infundibulum of some glands on dorsal and/or peritrematal shields usually modified, markedly enlarged, cavity-like and well sclerotised............................................... Pachyseius Berlese, 1910

- Tarsus II with setae uniform, simple and needle-like or spine-like; stigmata and peritremes hypertrophied, peritremes long, with anterior ends reaching close to vertical setae; some setae on soft posteroventral integument modified, apically bifurcated or brush-shaped; infundibulum of all glands on dorsal and ventral surface normal and never modified into enlarged cavity-like structures..................................................................... Mirabulbus Liu & Ma, 2001

4. Tarsus II with two distal setae modified (al1, pl1), spur-like; dorsal shield with 37 pairs of setae (R1 and R2 situated on the shield); exopodal and endopodal platelets fused in intercoxal area............... Pachyseiulus Moraza & Johnston, 1990

- Tarsus II with one distal seta modified (al1), spur-like; dorsal shield with 35 pairs of setae (R1 on soft integument, R2 absent); exopodal and endopodal platelets contiguous but not fused between coxae II–IV............ Pseudopachys Berlese, 1916

5. Dorsal shield with 30–38 pairs of setae; tarsi with minute claws and well developed empodium..................................................................................................... Paralaelapini new tribe … 6

- Dorsal shield with at most 30 pairs of setae, or hypertrichous; tarsi with normal claws and empodium.................. 8

6. Soft integument strongly hypertrichous; dorsal shield setae uniformly long, tips reaching beyond the bases of following setae; spermatodactyl elongated and more than double length of movable digit of chelicera.......... Paralaelaps Trägårdh, 1908

- Soft integument with normal chaetotaxy; some dorsal shield setae short to minute; spermatodactyl short, never longer than movable digit of chelicera................................................... Elaphrolaelaps Berlese, 1910 … 7

7. Dorsal shield setae short and mostly subequal in length............................. Elaphrolaelaps (Elaphrolaelaps)

- Dorsal shield with some marginal setae markedly elongated, including vertical setae j1............................................................................................... Elaphrolaelaps (Incisosternum) Elsen, 1974

8. Palp tibia with at least one simple protuberance, usually with 2−4 petal-like projections (in P. pectinifer group, palp tibia without superficial structures); genu I with 11 or 13 setae (2-5/2-2 or 2-6/3-2); hypostomal corniculi long, sword-like; tarsus II with 1−2 distal setae spur-like (pl1, ± pl2), without ventral protuberance opposite to seta pl1....................................................................................................... Pachylaelapini Berlese, 1913 … 9

- Palp tibia smooth, without protuberances or projections; genu I with 12 or 14 setae (2-5/3-2 or 2-6/4-2); hypostomal corniculi short, horn-like; tarsus II with 0−1 distal seta spur-like (± pl1), often with ventral protuberance opposite to seta pl1................................................................................... Onchodellini Mašán, 2007 … 13

9. Chaetotaxy of some leg segments deficient: femur I with 12 setae (2-5/3-2), genu I and tibia I with 11 setae (2-5/2-2), genu III with six setae (1-4/0-1); spermatodactyl with proximal insertion on movable digit of chelicera...................................................................................................... Neopachylaelaps Mašán, 2007

- Leg chaetotaxy normal: femur I (2-5/4-2) and genu I (2-6/3-2) with 13 setae, tibia I with 12 setae (2-5/3-2), genu III with seven setae (1-4/1-1); spermatodactyl with distal insertion on movable digit of chelicera................................ 10

10. Anterolateral corners of sternal shield fused with peritrematal shields.................. .. Olopachys Berlese, 1910 … 11

- Anterolateral corners of sternal shield free, closely abutting the peritrematal shields...... Pachylaelaps Berlese, 1888 … 12

11. Setae J5 minute; spermatodactyl elongate (more than double length of movable digit), slim, with parallel lateral margins, sharply tapered distally, stiletto- to blade-shaped; axillary seta pv1 on femur II thickened, usually curved, inserted in tubercle connected with base of finger-like projection; palp tibia with 1–3 flat and small protuberances never associated with a seta................................................................................... Olopachys (Olopachys)

- Setae J5 normally developed, needle-like; spermatodactyl short (less than 1.7 times as long as movable digit), widened in medial section, bluntly terminated, leaf-shaped; axillary seta pv1 on femur II simple, inserted on flat surface close to fingerlike projection; palp tibia with one large petal-like projection associated with a seta inserted in small nodule.................................................................................. Olopachys (Olopachylaella) Mašán, 2007

12. Setae J5 minute; posterolateral margins of dorsal shield with two pairs of hypertrophied slit-shaped gland pores (gdZ1, gdS4); tarsus II with 1−2 distal setae spur-like (pl1 ± pl2)..................................... Pachylaelaps (Pachylaelaps)

- Setae J5 normally developed, needle-like; posterolateral margins of dorsal shield with one pair of hypertrophied slit-shaped gland pores (gdS4); tarsus II with one distal seta spur-like (pl1).......... Pachylaelaps (Longipachylaelaps) Mašán, 2007

13. Tarsus II without distal setae modified into a spur; soft integument hypertrichous (at least 35 pairs of setae present)....... 14

- Tarsus II with distal seta pl1 modified, spur-like; soft integument with normal or deficient chaetotaxy (at most 13 pairs of setae present)........................................................................................... 15

14. Dorsal shield with 30 pairs of setae; some dorsal shield setae modified, elongate and thickened, with club-like tips; femur II with simple finger-like projection................................................. Sphaerolaelaps Berlese, 1903

- Dorsal shield with about 80 pairs of setae; all dorsal shield setae uniform, simple and needle-like; projection of femur II bipartite, with two adjacent spurs................................................. Pachysphaerolaelaps Mašán, 2007

15. Idiosoma subglobular; dorsal shield strongly vaulted, hemispherical, expanded ventrally and covering margins of ventral surface, with 29 pairs of unequal setae; setae J5 inserted with some other marginal dorsal shield setae on ventral expansion of the shield; soft integument with five pairs of setae................................. Pachyglobolaelaps Mašán , new genus

- Idiosoma dorso-ventrally flattened; dorsal shield flat to slightly convex, covering only dorsal surface, with 30 pairs of subequal setae; all dorsal shield setae inserted dorsally; soft integument with more than seven pairs of setae.................... 16

16. Setae J5 minute; femur II with two separate structures: large finger-like projection and small verruciform tubercle; spermatodactyl with widened basal section, medial curvature and tapered distal section................. Pachydellus Mašán, 2007

- Setae J5 normally developed, needle-like; femur II with only large finger-like projection (rarely very small nodule-like tubercles present); spermatodactyl otherwise formed............................................................ 17

17. Long-legged forms, legs I and IV markedly longer than dorsal shield; genu IV with eight setae (2-4/1-1) and tibia IV with nine setae (2-3/2-2)............................................................. Pachylaelapsoides Mašán, 2007

- Short-legged forms, legs I and IV shorter than dorsal shield; genu IV (1-4/1-1) and tibia IV (1-3/2-1) with seven setae.................................................................................... Onchodellus Berlese, 1904