Pygmarrhopalites maestrazgoensis, Jordana, Rafael, Fadrique, Floren & Baquero, Enrique, 2012

Jordana, Rafael, Fadrique, Floren & Baquero, Enrique, 2012, The collembolan fauna of Maestrazgo caves (Teruel, Spain) with description of three new species, Zootaxa 3502, pp. 49-71 : 52-58

Pygmarrhopalites maestrazgoensis sp. nov.

Figs 1–19 , Tabs 1 & 2

Diagnosis. Unpigmented; 1 + 1 eyes; trichobothria A, B and C forming a straight line towards hind part; Ant IV subdivided into 5 subsegments; all claws with inner tooth, all empodia with corner tooth, and empodial filaments overtopping tip of corresponding claw; anterior lobe of tenaculum with 2 apical setae; dens with 3, 2, 1, 0, 1 anterior setae, posterior side with 1 spine; both edges of mucro gutter-like serrated and tip rounded; some circumanal setae broadened with wings but without subbasal serration; appendices anales rod-like, gradually broadening to distal part, with apical and subapical serration.

Type locality. Turcacho Cave, Iglesuela del Cid, Teruel. UTM Coordinates (ED50): 31TO72998/4485051.

Type material. Holotype: central specimen from slide Te11-01, date: 2.xii.2011, temperature = 10,36 °C, RH = 96,17. Paratypes (same data as Holotype): 2 specimens on the same slide of Holotype, 12 specimens kept in ethylalcohol 70%, F. Fadrique leg. Holotype and 8 paratypes depostited in MZNA (Museum of Zoology, University of Navarra); other paratypes in the Barcelona Natural Science Museum.

Additional material. La Cija Cave, Fortanete, Teruel, UTM Coordinates (ED50): 30TO706648/4495135 (T3- T4) 1 specimen on slide and 6 in ethylalcohol 70%, 11.xi.2011, F. Fadrique leg., code Te07-01; 1 specimen on slide, temperature = 8,6 °C; RH = 92,15, 2.iv.2010, F. Fadrique leg. code T10; 1 specimen on slide, 6 specimens in ethylalcohol 70%, temperature = 8,32 °C; RH = 97,36, 12.xi.2011, F. Fadrique leg.

St. Victor Cave, Fortanete (Teruel), 1 specimen (sample T1), UTM Coordinates (ED50): 30TO710974/ 4480491, temperature = 13,88 ºC, HR 95,27%. F. Fadrique leg. Deposited in Barcelona Natural Science Museum.

Description. Female: body length 0.9–1.02 mm, (mean of 6 specimens = 1019.7 micrometers), pigmentation absent.

Head ( Fig. 1 ). Eyes 1 + 1, unpigmented (in one specimen with red pigment). No spine-like setae on the head. Clypeal area: 6 rows (from a to f); row a without axial seta, one axial seta between c and d rows (c0). Inter-antennal area with 2 rows (α? and β) without axial setae. Dorsal area: 4 rows (from A to D) with 3 axial setae in rows A, B and C (chaetotaxy nomenclature after Vargovitsh (2009). Labral setae number a: 4, m: 5, p: 5; prelabral: 6 ( Fig. 2 ). Labial palp with papillae A–E as in figure 3. Maxillary outer lobe as in figure 4, with 3 sublobal setae and 2 setae on oral fold.

Antennae ( Figs 5–7 ). 2 times as long as head. Length ratio of antennal segments I: II: III: IV = 1: 2–2.5: 3.2–4: 8.4–11. Ant I with 7 setae, subapical posterior seta minute; Ant II with 15 simple setae. Ant III not swollen on sub-basal or medial part, with 17 setae and 2-rods sense organ; microsensillum Aai, setae Api and Ap straight, setae Ape, Ae and Ai curved ( Fig. 5 ). Ant IV subdivided into 5 subsegments; subsegmental formula: 1 + 3 + 1. Ant IV bears the following whorls of setae: 5 on basal subsegment (BA, BM1–BM3, BB), 3 on medial subsegments each, and 5 on apical subsegment: AI–AIII, M1–M2 (after Vargovitsh (2009); Fig. 7 ).

Legs ( Figs 8–13 ). Foreleg: precoxae 1, 2 and coxa with 1, 0, 1 setae respectively; trochanter with 2 anterior and 2 posterior setae; femur with 13 setae, a4 twisted perpendicularly to the longitudinal axis of the segment; tibiotarsus with 3 setae FP (FPe, FPae, FPpe) and seta FS; whorl I with 9 setae; whorls II–V with 8 setae each. Pretarsus with 1 anterior and 1 posterior setae. Claw ( Fig. 11 ) with inner tooth and 2 pairs of lateral teeth visible in ventral view, tunica absent. Empodium thin, with corner tooth in subbasal half, with long apical filament exceeding tip of claw. Claw 4.5 times shorter than tibiotarsus. Mid leg: precoxae I, II and coxa with 1, 1, 3 setae respectively; trochanter with 3 simple setae and anterior trochanteral organ; femur with 13 setae, 2 posterior ones minute; tibiotarsus with 3 setae FP present, seta FSa present; whorl I with 9 setae, whorls II-III with 8 setae, whorl IV-V with 7 setae in different arrangement; claw ( Fig. 12 ) broader than in foreleg, with inner tooth and 2 pairs of lateral teeth, tunica absent; empodium broader than in foreleg, with corner tooth in subbasal part; apical filament exceeding tip of claw; claw 5.5 times shorter than tibiotarsus. Hind leg: precoxae with 1, 1 setae and coxa with 3 setae and 1 small spine; trochanter with anterior trochanteral organ, 3 anterior and 1 posterior simple setae; femur with 10 setae and 2 posterior setae; tibiotarsus with 3 setae FP, seta FSa present; whorls I–V as in mid tibiotarsus; claw ( Fig. 13 ) broader than in fore and mid leg, with inner tooth and 2 pairs of lateral teeth; empodium broader than in the other legs, with corner tooth in the middle, and apical filament exceeding tip of claw; claw 7.5 times shorter than tibiotarsus. Length ratio of tibiotarsi I: II: III = 1: 1.1: 1.3.

Ventral tube with 1 + 1 apical curved setae. Tenaculum ( Fig. 15 ) with 3 sclerotic teeth on each ramus and soft basal process; anterior lobe with 2 apical setae; tip of posterior lobe not exceeding tip of anterior lobe.

Furca. Manubrium ( Fig. 14 ) with 6 + 6 posterior setae. Dens ( Fig. 16 ) with 4 groups of setae on anterior side (3, 2, 1, 0, 1); ve1A, B, C as normal setae, ve2B and C long and appressed setae to the cuticle, ve6B normal seta; posterior side with 1 spine (E1), and 17 normal setae. Mucro ( Figs 17–18 ) constricted on anterior side; both edges gutter-like serrated; tip globular. Dens/Mucro ratio = 1.6.

Great abdomen ( Fig. 14 ). Meso- and metathorax with normal dorsal setae, 1 neosminthuroid seta a on Th II and III. Trichobothria A, B and C forming a straight line towards hind part. Single p seta of p -row of Abd I is located below the level of B trichobothrium, seta a1 placed above and posterior to A trichobothrium, b1 placed between B and C trichobotria, seta c1 and c2 below C trichobothrium. Posterior lateral complex with 4 + 3 and furca base complex with 9 setae. Posterior dorsal complex with about 23 setae arranged in 3 rows. Ventral complex with 2 setae.

Abd V with 1 setae and trichobothrium D in row a, and 3 setae in row p ( Fig. 14 ).

Abd VI ( Fig. 19 ) without cuticular spines; some circumanal setae broadened with wings but without subbasal serration (av1’ and av1); seta A1 shorter than seta a0 and DL2; appendices anales (av5) rod-like, gradually broadening to distal part, with apical and subapical serration.

Bionomy and distribution. All specimens were collected from water surface in dark zone of caves more than 70 m from the cave entrance. The species has been found only in three caves of the same karst massif. In the St. Victor Cave it co-occurred with P. cantavetulae sp. nov. described below.

Etymology. The new species is named after geographical area of Maestrazgo.

Remarks. P. maestrazgoensis sp. nov. is very close to P. kristiani Vargovitsh, 2005 and sharing the presence of only one external spine on dens and the absence of internal spines. However, both species are differing in morphology of claw and empodium, and in chaetotaxy of the anal flaps of Abd VI.

Figures

FIGURES 1 – 4. Pygmarrhopalites maestrazgoensis sp. nov.: 1, chaetatoxy of head; 2, labrum with prelabral setae (rows: pl, prelabral; p, posterior; m, medial; a, anterior); 3, labial palp (posterior papillae drawn separately); 4, maxillary outer lobe (mx. p., maxillary palp; b. s., basal seta; sl. p., sublobal plate; s. f., oral fold.

FIGURES 5 – 7. Pygmarrhopalites maestrazgoensis sp. nov.: 5, detail of guard setae of sensory organ; 6, Antennal segments I, II and III; 7, Antennal segment IV.

FIGURES 8 – 13. Pygmarrhopalites maestrazgoensis sp. nov.: 8, foreleg (posterior view); 9, midleg (posterior view); 10, hind leg (posterior view); 11, claw of foreleg (dorsal and ventro-posterior view); 12, claw of mid leg; 13, claw of hind leg.

FIGURES 14 – 19. Pygmarrhopalites maestrazgoensis sp. nov.: 14, body chaetotaxy; 15, tenaculum; 16, dens (external view); 17, mucro (external view); 18, mucro (internal view); 19, Abd VI.

Tables

TABLE 2. Equivalences of Abd VI setae nomination on females of Arrhopalitidae.

Lawrence (1979), Christiansen and Bellinger (1996), Zeppelini et al. (2009), Zeppelini (2011)	Bretfeld (1999)	Vargovitsh (2009)
A1	sa	ps1
A7	sa1	pi1
A9	sa2	pi2
B2	p3	ms3
B3 B10 female anal appendix B11	sa' av5 sa3	ps2 mi5 pi3
C1	a0	ms1
C2	a1	mps1
C3	a2	mps2
C4 C5 C6	a3 av1’ av1	mps3 mpi1 mpi2
C7 C8 C9	av2 av3 av4	mpi3 mpi4 mpi?
C11	VL7	ai7
D2	DL2	ms2
D3	p2	ms4
D4	p1	ms5?
D4’ D5	p1' VL1	? mi1
D6 D7 D8	VL2 VL3 VL4	mi2 ami ami
D9 D10	VL5 VL6	ai5 ai6
E4	A1	as4
E6 E7 E8	AV 1 AV 2 AV 3	ai1 ai2 ai3
E10	P6	?
E11	?	?
F3	A3	as2
F4	DL1	as4