Paraphloeostiba sonani Bernhauer, 1943

Smetana, Aleš, 2016, The Taiwanese species of the genus Paraphloeostiba Steel, 1960 (Coleoptera: Staphylinidae: Omaliinae: Omaliini), Zootaxa 4111 (1), pp. 69-76 : 73-75

Paraphloeostiba sonani Bernhauer, 1943

( Figs. 7−12 , 21−26 )

Phloeonomus sonani Bernhauer, 1943: 171 Paraphloeostiba sonani: Steel, 1960: 149

Type material examined: TAIWAN: Lectotype (here designated) of Phloeonomus sonani Bernhauer, 1943 [abdominal segment VIII, genital segment, and aedeagus are in a glycerin genitalia vial on the pin with the specimen] ♂: ‘ Formosa | Arisan,1918’ <rectangular label, printed>, ‘ X 2 – 23. | J. Sonan, | M. Yoshino’ <rectangular label, printed>, ‘ Phloeonomus | Sonani Brnh. | n. sp.’ <rectangular label, handwritten in black Indian ink>, ‘ Sonani | Brnh. Typus | Phloeonomus’ <red rectangular label, handwritten in black Indian ink>, ‘Chicago NHMus | M.Bernhauer | Collection’ <rectangular label, printed>, ‘ SYNTYPE | teste D.J.Clarke2014 | GDI Imaging Project’ <violet rectangular label, printed>, ‘PHOTOGRAPHED | Kelsey Keaton 2014 | Emu Catalog’ <blue rectangular label, printed>, ‘FMNHINS | 2819651 | FIELD MUSEUM’ <rectangular label, printed, with 2- D barcode>, ‘ LECTOTYPE | Phloeonomus | sonani | Bernhauer, 1943 | Shavrin A.V. des. 2016’ <red rectangular label, printed>, ‘ Paraphloeostiba | sonani | ( Bernhauer, 1943) | Shavrin A.V. det. 2016’ ( FMNH).

The photographs of the habitus in two projections, type labels, and genitalia are available in Arthropod Collections Database of FMNH (last access: 12.04.2016).

Additional material: TAIWAN: 5 ♂, 2 ♀: Taitung Hsien, Hsinkangshan, above Chenkung 800 m. 26.04.1995. A. Smetana [T167] ( NSMT, CSh); 1 ♂: [Taipei Hsien] Yangmingshan nr. Taipei. 450 m. 28.03.1965. C.M. Yoshimoto & B.D. Perkins ( BPBM); 1 ♀: Chiayi Hsien, Alishan. 2400 m. 12– 16.06.1965. T. Maa & K.S. Lin ( BPBM).

Redescription. Measurements (n=7): HW: 0.42–0.47; HL: 0.25; OL: 0.12; AL: 0.55−0.57; PML×PMW (III, IV): III: 0.02 × 0.02, IV: 0.07 × 0.02; PL: 0.31–0.35; PW: 0.57–0.62; ElL: 0.53–0.60; EW: 0.71–0.82; AW(IV): 0.72−0.82; AedL: 0.45; TL: 2.10–2.30.

In general appearance, P. sonani is similar to P. formosana sp. n. Body slightly darker, brown to dark brown, sometimes postero-lateral and apical portions of each elytron or entire length of elytra darker except indistinctly paler shoulders and portion near scutellum.

Head flattened between ocelli, 1.6–1.8 times as broad as long, with long and curved anteocellar foveae extending from moderately large ocelli towards posterior third of head.

Pronotum flattened, 1.7–1.8 times as broad as long, from widest middle sharply narrowed towards posterior angles; pronotum with two well defined wide and long paramedian longitudinal impressions (see Fig. 12 in Steel 1960), with very indistinct long and narrow impression between them and with deep and wide lateral impressions.

Elytra 1.3 times as broad as long, 1.7 times longer than pronotum; anterior portion of elytra distinctly impressed.

Male. Abdominal tergite VIII as in Fig. 7 . Abdominal sternite VIII as in Fig. 8 . Genital segment as in Fig. 26 . Aedeagus short ( Fig. 21, 23 ), similar to that of P. formosana sp. n., with wide apical part and median lobe ( Fig. 24 ). Aedeagus laterally as in Fig. 22 . Parameres laterally as in Fig. 25 .

Female. Abdominal tergite VIII as in Fig. 9 . Abdominal sternite VIII as in Fig. 10 . Genital segment with slightly asymmetrical triangular female accessory sclerite as in Fig. 11 . Spermatheca as in Fig. 12 .

Comparative notes. Based on the body size, proportions of antenna and the body, as well as on the general shape of the aedeagus and parameres, P. sonani is very similar to the Taiwanese P. formosana sp. n., from which it differs by the slightly darker and more flattened forebody, the distinctly longer anteocellar foveae, the lateral sides of the pronotum more narrowed posteriad, the more distinct longitudinal impressions on the disc of the pronotum, the wider apical part of the shorter aedeagus, the character of setation of parameres, and the shape of the female genital segment and spermatheca.

Distribution. The species is known from north (Taipei Hsien) and central Taiwan (Chiayi Hsien, Nantou Hsien, Taitung Hsien).

Bionomics. The specimens from Hsinkangshan were collected from the same locality ([T20]) together with P. formosana sp. n. (see above).

Remarks. Phloeonomus sonani was originally described by Bernhauer (1943) by an unspecified number of syntypes from “ Formosa: Arisan [...]” ( Taiwan, Nantou Hsien). It was redescribed by Steel (1960) and transferred to the new genus Paraphloeostiba erected by him. One syntype is located in M. Bernhauer collection (FMNH). It was studied by Steel but he did not add a determination label with the new generic placement. Thus, this specimen was designated by the senior author as the lectotype to avoid possible confusion in the name usage.

The parasitic fungus Rickia phloeonomi Thaxt. was recorded on P. sonani ( Frank 1982) based on a literature record from Japanese specimen(s) ( Sugiyama 1978).

Figures

FIGURES 1 – 12. Abdominal segments and female genitalia of Paraphloeostiba formosana (1 − 6; paratypes: Taiwan, Chenkung) and P. sonani (7 − 12; Taiwan, Chenkung): 1, 7 − male abdominal tergite VIII (dorsal view), 2, 8 − male abdominal sternite VIII (ventral view), 3, 9 − female abdominal tergite VIII (ventral view), 4, 10 − female abdominal sternite VIII (ventral view), 5, 11 − female genital segment (ventral view), 6, 12 − spermatheca. Scale bar: 0.1 mm.

FIGURES 21 – 26. Aedeagus (21 − 25, 24 — apical part of aedeagus, 25 — apical part of right paramere) and male genital segment (26) of Paraphloeostiba sonani, lectotype: 21, 24 — parameral view, 22, 25 — dorsolateral view, 23 — abparameral view, 26 — ventral view. Scale bar: 0.1 mm.