Oxysternon (Mioxysternon) spiniferum Laporte, 1840

Chamorro, William, Marin-Armijos, Diego, senjo, Angelico & Vaz-De-Mello, Fernando Z., 2019, Scarabaeinae dung beetles from Ecuador: a catalog, nomenclatural acts, and distribution records, ZooKeys 826, pp. 1-343 : 197-199

Oxysternon (Mioxysternon) spiniferum Laporte, 1840 Plate 45A

Oxysternon spiniferum Laporte, 1840: 83 (original description. Type locality: Cayenne).

Oxysternon (Mioxysternon) spiniferum : Arnaud 2002a: 62 (characters in key), 65 (diagnosis); Edmonds and Zídek 2004: 10 (characters in key), 35 (diagnosis); Vitolo 2004: 289 (diagnosis); Figueroa et al. 2014: 130 (distribution of records for Peru); Boilly et al. 2016: 89 (characters in key); 92 (figures 19a, 19b and 19c); 95 (cited for Guyana); Chamorro et al. 2018: 97 (cited for Ecuador).

Oxysternon (Mioxysternon) spiniferum spiniferum : Boilly and Vaz-de-Mello 2013: 105 (figure 19).

Oxysternon spiniferum : Hamel-Leigue et al. 2009: 50 (distribution of records for Bolivia); Krajcik 2012: 191 (cited as subgenus of Oxysternon Laporte de Castlenau 1840); Ratcliffe et al. 2015: 197 (cited for Peru).

Oxysternon curvispinum d’Olsoufieff, 1924: 119 (original description. Type locality: Equateur [= Ecuador], Loja).

Oxysternon curvispinum : Pessôa and Lane 1941: 486 (characters in key); Blackwelder 1944: 210 (list of species from Latin America); Vulcano and Pereira 1967: 570 (characters in key); Arnaud 1982a: 117 (catalog of the types of the MNHN); Hamel-Leigue et al. 2009: 64 (cited as synonym of O. spiniferum curvispinum , Arnaud 2002); Figueroa et al. 2014: 130 (cited as synonym of Oxysternon spiniferum curvispinum , Arnaud 2002).

Oxysternon spiniferum var. curvispinum : Arnaud 2002a: 65 (diagnosis); Edmonds and Zídek 2004: 35 (synonym of Oxysternon spiniferum Laporte, 1840); Carvajal et al. 2011: 322-323 (cited for Ecuador).

Type specimens.

Oxysternon spiniferum Laporte, 1840. The neotype (♂) is deposited at the MNHN (ex coll. R Oberthur, ex coll. van Lansberge). Locality: Guyana, examined.

Neotype (♂): "Guyana [hw]", "Museum Paris / ex coll. / R. Oberthur [p, blak margin, green label]", "Ex- Musæo / VAN LANSBERGE [p, blak margin, white label]", "Oxysternon / spiniferum / Cast / P.ARNAUD Designation 00 / NEOTYPE ♂ [p and hw, red margin, white label]".

Oxysternon curvispinum d’Olsoufieff, 1924. The Lectotype is deposited at the MNHN (ex coll. R. Oberthur). Locality: Equateur [= Ecuador], Loja (examined).

Lectotype (♂): "Equateur / Loja / Abbé Gaujon [p, black margin]", "Museum Paris / ex coll. / R. Oberthur [p, green label]", "Oxysternon / curvispinum sp. nov [p, black margin]", "LECTOTYPE [p, red label]", "O. curvispinum / Ols. / Lectotyope ♂ / P. Arnaud DET 1981 [p and hw]".

Distribution.

Brazil, Colombia, Ecuador, French Guiana, and Peru.

Records examined.

LOJA: without specific locality (1 specimen MNHN). ORELLANA: Estación Científica Yasuní, Parque Nacional Yasuní (5 specimens MQCAZ); Estación de Biodiversidad Tiputini USFQ, 220 m, Parque Nacional Yasuní (1 specimen MUTPL). PASTAZA: Bosque Protector Oglán Alto, 660 m (1 specimen CEMT; 3 specimens MUTPL). SUCUMBÍOS: Cascales, 400 m, Pozo Ruby 1 (1 specimen MUTPL); La Selva Bio Station 175 km E.S.E del Coca (1 specimen MQCAZ). ZAMORA CHINCHIPE: Tundayme campamento Mirador vivero, 820 m (1 specimen MUTPL); Tundayme campamento Mirador road to Polvorín, 1200 m (1 specimen MUTPL); Zurmi, Comunidad La Wants, 1010 m (2 specimens MUTPL).

Literature records.

LOJA: without specific locality ( Arnaud 2002a: 65). NAPO: Tena ( Edmonds and Zídek 2004: 35); Baeza ( Edmonds and Zídek 2004: 35). NAPO [= ORELLANA]: Estación Científica Yasuní ( Edmonds and Zídek 2004: 35); Yuturi Lodge, Río Napo, 270 m ( Edmonds and Zídek 2004: 35). NAPO [= SUCUMBÍOS]: Limoncocha, 250 m ( Edmonds and Zídek 2004: 35). ZAMORA CHINCHIPE: Punguinza, 710 m ( Edmonds and Zídek 2004: 35).

Temporal data.

Collected in January, March, April, May, June, July, August, September, October, November, and December.

Remarks.

Inhabits the lowland evergreen forests and evergreen foothill forests of the Amazon region from 200-1200 m a.s.l. Collected with flight interception traps and pitfall traps baited with human feces.