Opsiphanes sallei nicandrus Fruhstorfer, 1912

Piovesan, Mônica, Casagrande, Mirna Martins & Mielke, Olaf Hermann Hendrik, 2022, Systematics of Opsiphanes Doubleday, [1849] (Lepidoptera: Nymphalidae, Satyrinae, Brassolini): an integrative approach, Zootaxa 5216 (1), pp. 1-278 : 118-120

Opsiphanes sallei nicandrus Fruhstorfer, 1912

( Figs 98–99 , 101–102 , 106 )

Opsiphanes sallei nicandrus Fruhstorfer, 1912 , in Seitz. Gross-Schmett. Erde 5, p. 301, 1061; Coroico, [La Paz], Bolívia, 1,200 m.— Fassl, 1920. Ent. Rdsch. 37 (9): 34; cit.— Blandin & Descimon, 1975. Ann. Soc. ent. France 11 (1): 9.— D’Abrera, 1987. Butt. Neotrop. Reg. 3, p. 410, 411 (fig. male d).— Bristow, 1991. Zool. Jour. Linn. Soc. 101 (3): 279, figs 30c (male d, v), 31f (female d, v).— Casagrande, 2004. Brassolini , in Lamas (ed.) Checklist: Part 4A, Hesperioidea-Papilionoidea, in Heppner (ed.). Atlas Neotrop. Lep. 5A, p. 204.— Blandin et al., 2015. Antenor 2 (1): 109.

Taxonomic history. Opsiphanes sallei nicandrus Fruhstorfer, 1912 is cited in reviews, catalogs, and checklists. Stichel (1932) considered Opsiphanes sallei f. nicandrus synonymous with Opsiphanes sallei farrago .

Type material. Opsiphanes sallei nicandrus Fruhstorfer, 1912 was described based on an unknown number of specimens from Coroico, [La Paz], Bolivia, 1,200 m. In the RMS collection, where part of the Fruhstorfer types are deposited, G. Lamas (pers. comm.) found a male syntype corresponding to the original description, with the following labels: / Coroico Bolivia 1200 m. Coll. Fassl/ nicandrus ♂ Fruhst./. In order to stabilize the nomenclature of this taxon, this specimen is hereby designated as the lectotype and the following labels will also be attached: / LECTOTYPUS / Lectotypus Opsiphanes sallei nicandrus Fruhstorfer, 1912 , Piovesan, Casagrande & O. Mielke det. 2022/.

Diagnosis. Opsiphanes sallei nicandrus differs from Opsiphanes sallei sallei and Opsiphanes sallei colombiana in having the HW with very smooth outer margin crenulation ( Figs 98–99 ).

Variation. FW, length: male: 43–50 mm (n=5). female: 54 mm (n=1). DHW length of the yellow spot near the distal margin of the humeral cell, sometimes this spot merges with the submarginal band. VFW, the width of the oblique band, the portion of this band from the costal margin has light-yellow or whitish shades, may or may not exceed CuA 1; the EIII submarginal line may or may not reach CuA 2 ( Figs 98–99 ).

Comments. Opsiphanes sallei nicandrus and Opsiphanes farrago stat. nov. are sympatric. The females of both species are similar and in this study, it was possible to analyze only one female of each species. Molecular data for males and a female of Opsiphanes farrago stat. nov. were retrieved, making it possible to confirm their identity. On the other hand, the decision to associate another female with Opsiphanes sallei nicandrus was based on indirect evidence: the female illustrated here is similar to the one illustrated by Bristow (1991), and is deposited at the USNM, with the following information: Rio Songo [= Zongo, La Paz], Bolivia 750 m Coll. Fassl. In the NHMUK collection, there is a male of Opsiphanes sallei nicandrus with those same data ( Fig. 99 ).

Natural history. Unknown.

Geographic distribution. Peru (Puno, Cuzco) ; Bolivia (La Paz, Cochabamba) ( Fig. 102 ), at altitudes between 600 and 2,000 m .

Temporal distribution. February, March, June, December.

Etymology. Unknown.

Specimens examined. Photos of the lectotypus of Opsiphanes sallei nicandrus Fruhstorfer, 1912 , and the following specimens: PERU: Puno — Carabaya , 1 male, AMNH_IZC 00352838 ( AMNH) . Cuzco — Valle Cosñipata , 1,500 m, III-1991, 1 male, M. Büche leg., OM 35.242 ( DZUP —OM) . BOLIVIA: La Paz — Río Zongo , 750 m, 1 female, Fassl leg., ex-coll. E. T. Owen, USNMENT01590314 ( USNM) ; Coroico , 1,200 m, 1 male, Fassl leg., excoll. E. T. Owen, USNMENT01590313 ( USNM) . Cochabamba — Yungas del Palmar , 1,000 m, III-1948, 1 male, ex-coll. F. Justus Jr., DZ 2347 ( DZUP) ; Chapare ( Cristal Mayu ), 600 m, 1 male, DZ 42.839 ( DZUP), (Alto Palmar) , 1,100 m, II-1952, 1 male, UFFLMNH MGCL 1103438 ( MGCL), (El Limbo) , 2,000 m, 8-XII-1962, 1 male, Walz leg., UFFLMNH MGCL 1103439 ( MGCL) .

Figures

FIGURE 98. Opsiphanes sallei nicandrus Fruhstorfer, 1912: Male, dorsal and ventral views: a. Bolivia: (DZ 42.839-DZUP) Cristal Mayu; b. Peru: (OM 35.242-DZUP—OM; CMBUT1229-19) Kosñipata.

FIGURE 99. Opsiphanes sallei nicandrus Fruhstorfer, 1912: Male: a. (NHMUK), Female: b. (USNMENT01590314-USNM), dorsal and ventral views: Bolivia: Rio Songo [=Zongo], 750 m Coll. Fassl.

FIGURE 101. Opsiphanes sallei nicandrus Fruhstorfer, 1912: Female genitalia: a. lateral view; b. detail of the signa; c. ventral view (USNMENT01590314-USNM).

FIGURE 102. Geographical distribution of Opsiphanes sallei sallei Doubleday, [1849], Opsiphanes sallei colombiana Bristow, 1991 and Opsiphanes sallei nicandrus Fruhstorfer, 1912; Asterisk (*) inside the sampled localities indicates that the geographical distribution data was retrieved from the bibliography.

FIGURE 106. Opsiphanes sallei nicandrus Fruhstorfer, 1912. Lectotype of Opsiphanes sallei nicandrus Fruhstorfer, 1912; a. dorsal view, b. ventral view.